A shekarar da ta wuce, matan mata na duniya suka juya daidai da shekaru 100. A taron kasa da kasa na mata na 'yan jari-hujja, wanda aka gudanar a Copenhagen a watan Agustan 1910, bisa shawarar da Clara Zetkin yayi, an yanke shawarar ƙayyade kwanakin musamman a cikin shekarar da aka sadaukar da gwagwarmayar mata akan' yancin su. A shekara ta gaba, ranar 19 ga Maris, zanga-zangar zanga-zangar sun faru ne a Jamus, Austria, Denmark da Switzerland, inda fiye da mutane miliyan suka shiga. Ta haka ne ya fara tarihin Maris 8, wanda ya fara "Ranar Mata na Duniya a gwagwarmayar tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da siyasa."
Tarihi na hutu 8 Maris: tsarin aikin hukuma
A 1912, an gudanar da zanga zangar kare hakkin mata a ranar 12 ga Mayu, a shekara ta 1913 - a ranakun Maris. Kuma tun daga shekarar 1914 ne aka kammala ranar 8 ga watan Maris, mafi mahimmanci akan dalilin cewa shi ne ranar Lahadi. A wannan shekarar, ranar da ake gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata an fara bikin farko a tsatstsauran Rasha a wancan lokacin. Tare da yakin yakin duniya na, yunkurin kawar da tashin hankali ya kara da cewa an fadada 'yancin mata. Tarihin ranar biki a ranar 8 ga watan Maris an daga bisani aka daura ga abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 08.03.1910, lokacin da aka gudanar da zanga-zangar mata masu yin aiki a tsage da takalma a birnin New York a karo na farko, suna buƙatar samun sakamako mafi girma, yanayi mafi kyau da kuma jinkirin aiki.
Bayan da ya zo mulki, 'yan Rasha na Bolshevik sun amince da ranar 8 ga watan Maris a matsayin kwanan wata. Babu wata magana game da bazara, furanni da budurwa: abin girmamawa ne kawai a kan gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya da kuma shigar da mata a cikin ra'ayin zamantakewa. Ta haka ne aka fara sabon zagaye a cikin tarihin ranar 8 ga Maris - yanzu wannan biki ya yada a ƙasashe na zamantakewa, kuma a Yammacin Yammacin Turai an manta da shi a kuskure. Wani muhimmiyar muhimmin tarihi a cikin tarihin biki a ranar 8 ga watan Maris ya kasance 1965, lokacin da aka sanar da shi wata rana a cikin USSR.
Ranar 8 Maris a yau
A shekara ta 1977, majalisar dinkin duniya ta amince da amincewa da kuduri na 32/142, wanda ya karfafa matsayin matsayin duniya na duniya ga mata. Duk da haka, a yawancin jihohi inda aka yi bikin (Laos, Nepal, Mongoliya, Koriya ta Arewa, Sin, Uganda, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Burkina Faso, Congo, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Poland, Italiya), wannan ita ce Ranar Duniya gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata da kuma zaman lafiya na duniya, wato, wani lamari na siyasa da zamantakewa.
A cikin ƙasashen sansanin Soviet, duk da tarihin asali a ranar 8 ga Maris, babu wata "gwagwarmaya" da ta yi tsawo. Farin ciki, furanni da kyauta suna dogara ga duk mata - iyaye mata, mata, 'yan'uwa mata, budurwa, abokan aiki, yara masu girma da kuma' yan uwa masu ritaya. An ƙi shi kawai a cikin Turkmenistan, Latvia da Estonia. A wasu jihohi babu irin wannan biki. Wata kila, saboda akwai babban girmamawa ranar Ranar Iyali, wanda a yawancin kasashe ke yi bikin ranar Lahadi na biyu a watan Mayu (a Rasha - ranar Lahadi da ta gabata).
Yaya ake danganta su akan Fabrairu 23 da Maris 8?
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa daga tarihin kasa na hutun ranar 8 ga Maris. Gaskiyar ita ce, shahararrun juyin juya halin Fabrairu na shekarar 1917, wanda ya kafa harsashin juyin juya halin Oktoba, ya fara ne a Petrograd daga taron taro na mata masu zanga-zanga a kan yakin. Aukuwa sun yi girma kamar dusar ƙanƙara, kuma ba da daɗewa ba a kai hare-haren da aka yi, tashin hankali ya fara, Nicholas II ta dakatar. Abinda ya faru a gaba shine sananne.
Abin takaici na abin tausayi shine ranar 23 Fabrairun, bisa ga tsohon salon - wannan shine sabon Maris 8. Gaskiya ne, wata rana a ranar 8 ga watan Maris an fara fara tarihi na makomar Amurka. Amma wakĩli na Ranar Fatherland an tsara shi ne a wasu lokuta: Fabrairu 23, 1918, farkon farawar Red Army.
Duk da haka daga tarihin bikin ranar 8 ga Maris
Shin, kun san cewa kwanakin mata na musamman sun kasance a cikin Roman Empire? Ma'aurata masu aure waɗanda aka haife su (Romawa) sun yi ado a kayan ado mafi kyau, suna ado da kai da tufafi da furanni kuma sun ziyarci gidan ibada na Vesta. A yau, mazajensu sun ba su kyaututtuka masu daraja da daraja. Ko da bayin sun karbi kyauta daga masu mallakar su kuma an sake su daga aiki. Da wuya a ci
Yahudawa suna da hutu na kansu - Purim, wanda a keɓaɓɓun kalandar a kowace shekara a ranakun Maris. Ranar mace mai jaruntaka, jarumi da hikima Sarauniya Esther, wanda ya ceci Yahudawa daga hallaka a 480 kafin zuwan Almasihu, gaskiya, a kan farashin dubun dubban Farisa. Wasu sun yi ƙoƙari su haɗa da Purim tare da tarihin asalin hutu a ranar 8 ga Maris. Amma, akasin hasashe, Clara Zetkin ba Yahudu ba (ko da yake Bayahude ne mijinta Osip), kuma ba zai yiwu ba ta yi tunanin haɗawa da ranar gwagwarmaya na mata na Turai a lokacin hutu na Yahudawa.