Broccoli wani kayan lambu ne mai mahimmanci, wanda ya dandana cikin hanyoyi da dama kamar mai farin kabeji, amma yafi yawan samarwa. A cikin kakar, wanda ba zai iya samun daya ba amma albarkatun guda biyu na albarkatun broccoli, yayin da yake girma ba shi da wuya - inji ba shi da kyau. Ga masu cin abinci da abinci mai gina jiki ba tare da wannan sashi ba zai iya yin ba.
A ina ake girma broccoli?
Broccoli kabeji da namo sun zama na kowa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. An dasa shi a cikin wani gandun daji ko cikin gadaje a cikin lambun. A kowannen zaɓuɓɓuka, zaɓin zaɓi na iri iri da aiwatar da shawarwarin kulawa yana da mahimmanci. Yana da mahimmanci don iya zabar iri iri daidai da yanayin hawan dutse na yankinku. Wadannan irin su "Kaisar" da kuma "Tsarin nahiyar" sunyi girma daidai da kyau a cikin garkuwar greenhouses da cikin gadaje.
Yadda zaka shuka broccoli a gonar?
Kodayake ana sani game da juriya na broccoli, gonar kabeji a filin bude ba ta dace da duk yankuna ba. Terms of shuka tsaba a kan gado - ƙarshen Mayu. Dole ne an rigaya an ƙasa ƙasa zuwa + 20 ° C. Dole ne a gabatar da takin mai magani a ƙasa a gaba:
- kwayoyin halitta;
- itace ash;
- urea ;
- superphosphate .
Dole ne a shirya shuka sosai kafin shuka. Shin wannan bisa ga algorithm:
- Mun sanya tsaba na mintina 15 cikin ruwa mai dumi (+ 50 ° C).
- Muna jabada su a minti daya cikin ruwan sanyi.
- Muna yin aiki a cikin dare (tsawon sa'o'i 12) tare da bayani game da abubuwa masu alama.
- Yi wanke sosai.
- Mun saka a cikin firiji don wata rana.
- Dry shi.
Bugu da ƙari, na shuka shuka a kan gado, an dasa shuki a cikin kwalaye. Shirye-shiryen tsaba a wannan yanayin shine m zuwa ga sama. Shuka su a cikin kwalaye tare da shirye ƙasa (turf, peat da yashi), disinfected tare da narkar da potassium permanganate. Tuni a ranar 3 zuwa 4 na farko seedlings sun bayyana, kuma bayan kwana 40 ana iya dasa su a wuri mai dindindin, kallon tsarin dasa shuki na 20x50 cm.
Mafi kyau iri don bude ƙasa:
- "Varus";
- "Green Favorite";
- Sarkin sarakuna;
- "Corvette";
- "Comanche";
- "Lucky";
- Marathon.
Shuka broccoli a cikin wani greenhouse
Masu mallakar greenhouses suna da sha'awar tambayoyin halitta game da yadda za a dasa broccoli a cikin ƙasa mai kariya. Shirye-shiryen iri don dasa shuki da kuma aiwatar da girma seedlings daidai ne kamar yadda aka dasa a cikin gado mai gado. Shiryawa don girma broccoli a cikin wani gine-gine a cikin hanyar shuka, ana shuka tsaba a tsawon watanni 1-1.5 kafin a dasa shuki a kan shafin ci gaba. Gidajen gada a cikin greenhouse suna cike da takin mai magani da ma'adinai tun lokacin kaka. Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance tsaka tsaki ko kadan acidic. A farkon spring, kasar gona ne yafa masa nitrogen da takin mai magani .
Mafi kyau irin broccoli don girma a cikin wani greenhouse:
- "Sautin";
- "Li'azaru";
- "Vitamin";
- "Kullum";
- "Kaisar";
- «F1 - Broccoli».
Yanayi don girma broccoli
Kamar sauran nau'o'in kabeji, broccoli, noma da kulawa suna da wasu halaye da ake buƙatar la'akari idan kuna son samun sakamako mafi kyau:
- Broccoli yana da kyau sosai da ƙarancin haske. Halin zafi na ƙasa da iska yana da muhimmanci a nan. Dole ne a yi amfani da ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa ta kashi 70%, da kuma yanayin zafi na iska - 85%. Shugaban broccoli, ba kamar farin kabeji ba, bai buƙatar a shaded.
- Duk da sanyi da juriya da zafi, mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa na broccoli ya ba, a ƙarƙashin tsarin yanayin zafin jiki mafi kyau - daga +16 zuwa +20 ° C.
- Ga broccoli, dindindin dindindin ƙasa yana da mahimmanci - ƙasa dole ne a kwantar da hankalinsa, ba a haɗa shi ba.
Broccoli kabeji seedling
Ƙasa ga broccoli seedlings za a iya saya shirye, kuma za ka iya shirya kanka. Don yin wannan, a hankali a hada turf, humus, ash da yashi. Ya kamata ya zama sako-sako da sako mai haske, wanda yake da kyau ga ruwa, tun da ba a yarda dashi ba - kabeji na iya samun kafa baki . A wannan yanayin, kabeji yana son danshi. Ya kamata acidity ya zama weakly acidic ko tsaka tsaki. Kyakkyawan broccoli mai kyau yana amsa gaɓan ƙasa.
Don ba da amsa mai zurfi game da tambayar yadda ake girma kabeji na broccoli kuma samun matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa daga gare ta, dole ne a taɓa batun batun hadewar ƙasa. Tun lokacin kaka, kayan aiki da ma'adinai suna amfani da gadaje a ma'auni na 5 kg kowace mita mita. Kafin dasa shuki ta atomatik, kana buƙatar ƙara hawan mai magani nitrogen zuwa gadaje, moisturize da kyau, sa'annan ka sassauta ƙasa don wadatar da ƙasa tare da iska - dukkanin wadannan matakan za su taimaka sosai don kula da kabeji. Mafi yawan magabata na broccoli su ne karas, dankali, wake.
Home Broccoli girma - watering
Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmancin lokacin amsa tambayoyin, yadda za a shuka broccoli a kasar, shine karatun watering. Yana da mahimmanci don biyan tsarin mulki. Watering ya kamata ta kasance tsakaici, amma har ya isa ya kula da yawan abincin mai laushi na ƙasa. Idan watering ne wuce kima, da kabeji samun wani stalk black. Idan danshi bai isa ba, wannan yana rinjayar ingancin kawunansu - sun fita su zama dwarfish. Tare da wannan, yana da mahimmanci cewa an ƙera ƙasa daga danshi akai-akai. Kowace lokaci bayan watering, kasar gona ta rabu zuwa zurfin 8 cm.
Yadda za a dasa kabeji broccoli?
Masu ƙaunar broccoli sunyi girma ta hanyar tsaba da kuma yadda ake amfani da su. Kowace hanyar da ka zaba, dole ne ka fara buƙatar shirya tsaba. A shirye-shirye algorithm aka bayyana a sama, shi dace da kowane hanya na dasa. Wannan mataki yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci, kamar yadda shirin samfurin na samfurin yake. Da ke ƙasa za mu dubi yadda za'a bunkasa iri broccoli da seedlings.
Yadda zaka shuka broccoli daga tsaba?
Idan kana so ka gwada hanyar da za a dasa shuki, za a yi amfani da wadannan abubuwa: a cikin shirye, da takin, da kayan wankewa mai tsabta, ana shuka tsaba bisa ga makircin 20x50. Anyi amfani da hanzari na zamani tare da dasa na biyu na broccoli (2nd kuma wani lokutan lokaci na 3 a cikin kakar). Shuka broccoli lokacin da girma daga tsaba ya ba ka damar samun kayan aikin mai kai har sai fall. Don yin wannan, zaka iya shuka sabon tsari kowane mako 3 maimakon an tattara, yada tsawon lokacin girbi kuma kara girmanta.
Broccoli seedlings - namo
Don haka, mun zo kan yadda za mu dasa broccoli a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar shuka. Shiri kunshi hadawa a daidai sassan yashi, turf da turf. Dole ne a zubar da wannan matsin tare da bayani na potassium permanganate don decontamination. Bugu da kari, an shirya tsaba a cikin kwalaye da ƙasa zuwa zurfin 0.8-1 cm Bayan shuka tsaba, ana kiyaye yawan zazzabi a + 20 ° C.
Da fitowar harbe, an saukar da yawan zafin jiki zuwa + 10 ° C, kuma bayan mako guda ana tashe shi zuwa + 14-16 ° C a rana, da dare zafin jiki zai zama + 9 ° C. Idan seedlings suna girma a zazzabi a sama + 20 ° C, wannan zai haifar da gaskiyar cewa shugabannin zasu fara farawa kafin lokaci. Babu buƙatar buƙatar saka idanu na ƙasa mai laushi - mummunan rinjayar lalacewar ruwa da ruwa, da rashinta.
Zaku iya nutsewa seedlings a lokacin shekaru 12-14. Bayan haka, ana iya tasirin zafin jiki zuwa + 21 ° C, amma kawai har sai lokacin rayuwa. Sa'an nan kuma an rage shi zuwa + 17 ° C a rana da + 9 ° C da dare. Makwanni biyu kafin zuwan tasowa a cikin ƙasa, seedlings fara fara wa hasken rana da iska. Tare da saukowa ya fi kyau kada ku yi hanzari, saboda ƙananan zafin jiki na iska a kan titi zai kai ga kabeji. Zaka iya shuka seedlings a titi a lokacin shekaru 35-45. Idan yanayin yana da kyau ko kuna da greenhouse, za ku iya yin shi a farkon watan Mayu.
Fasali na broccoli
Wadanda suke sha'awar masana'antun al'adun wannan al'ada sun san game da broccoli - girma yana yiwuwa har ma akan baranda ko loggia. Tare da zafin jiki mafi kyau, haske da zafi, akwai kowane damar samun girbi mai kyau ba tare da barin ɗakin ba. Ga wasu asirin girma broccoli kabeji a gida da kuma a gonar:
- Don kauce wa mutuwar seedlings daga ƙananan fata da kuma fatalwakin powdery , yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsaba da aka shigo da sinadari tare da masu fuka-fuka, kuma su yi amfani da magungunan peat da aka saya don tilasta su.
- A matakan iri, ba ka buƙatar ciyar da kabeji tare da kwayoyin. Zaka iya amfani da takin mai magani na musamman don kabeji a cikin nau'i na lu'ulu'u mai narkewa.
- Kamar dukan kabeji, broccoli amsa da kyau don watering seedlings tare da alli nitrate. Shin mafi kyau a cikin mako guda kafin sauka a ƙasa kuma bayan bayan mako guda bayan fitarwa. Zaka kuma iya ciyar da shi tare da hadaddun abubuwa masu alama tare da boron da molybdenum.
- Ƙarin kulawa bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa don kulawa da kabeji ya ƙunshi sauye-sauye na yau da kullum, satarwa, shayarwa, ciyarwa da sarrafawa daga kwari.
- Ana bada shawara ga broccoli ruwa sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 2, kuma a lokacin lokutan zafi - sau biyu a rana. Dole a rika yin amfani da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin kabeji a cikin zurfin 15 cm. Ruwa mafi kyau a maraice, bayan daɗawa, don hana juyawa daga tushen.
- Ana yin riguna mafi sau uku a kowace kakar. Na farko dai sun hada da cakuda naman alade da tsuntsaye. Gabatar da kwayoyin diluted bayan tsayar da tsire-tsire a cikin lambu tare da bambancin makonni 2. Ana ciyar da na uku a farkon farawar inflorescence. A kanta take wannan abun da ke ciki - superphosphate 40 g, potassium sulfate 10 g da ammonium nitrate 20 g, tsarma su a lita 10 na ruwa da ruwa kabeji.
- Kariya ga kananan kabeji daga ƙummaran giciye - abokin gaba na kowane nau'i na kabeji - shine rufe gonar tare da zane mai laushi. Kafin kafawar inflorescences, zaku iya yayyafa broccoli tare da Iskra. Lokacin da shugabannin fara farawa, za ka iya yayyafa su da cakuda itace ash da taba ƙura.
- Kada ku yi sauri don cire shuka daga gonar nan da nan bayan yanke babban kai, kamar yadda broccoli ke tsiro da tsire-tsire, wanda ya ba ku ƙarin amfanin gona.
Girgoli mai girma "Kaisar"
Nau'ikan "Kaisar" yana nufin tsakiyar ripening. Kabeji na wannan iri-iri ne mai girma da sosai m shugaban koren launi tare da kadan purple yada. Girman kabeji yayi kama da kabeji masu launi. Gishiri "Kaisar", da shuka da kuma noma ana samar da shi ta hanyar hanyar shuka da shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa. Mun gode wa sada zumunta da girbi na lokaci na kakar, zaka iya samun amfanin gona biyu a lokaci.
Tsarin gishiri mai girma "Tonus"
Maganar Broccoli "Tonus" tana nufin farkon farawa. Rubeness yana faruwa a ranar 60-90 bayan fitowar. Hannunta suna girma da sauri kuma da kyau. Suna halin matsakaicin matsakaici, launi suna duhu. Yadda za a shuka broccoli a gida: zaka iya yin ta ta hanyar kwanaki 45 ko kuma ta shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa. A yawan amfanin ƙasa na iri-iri ne har zuwa 2 kg kowace murabba'in mita.
Growing broccoli "Linda"
Broccoli kabeji "Linda" da kuma namo ne samar da seedling da seedlings. A iri-iri nasa ne na matsakaici-ripening - fasaha ripeness ya zo a ranar 90-100 bayan farkon namo. Tumakin kabeji suna da duhu kuma suna da yawa. Yanke tsakiya, jira don farawa matakai na gaba - za ku ji daɗi tare da sababbin mahimmanci shida.
Broccoli kabeji "Fortuna" - namo
Broccoli "Kasashen Halitta" tana nufin iri-iri-iri iri. Yana fasali da wani adadi mai girma na ganye da kuma launin toka-kore kai na matsakaici yawa. Kayan fasaha na girma broccoli yana da kama da sauran nau'in - yana yiwuwa iri biyu da iri. Shuka tsaba a kan gado na iya zama bayan barazanar frosts, wato - a karshen Mayu. Zaka iya dasa shuki seedlings a tsakiyar Afrilu.