- Adireshin: Chavin de Huantar, Peru
- Waya: +51 921 269 592
- Yankin yanki: kimanin mita 28. km.
- Hawan saman saman teku: 3200 m
Chavin de Huantar yana daya daga cikin tsohuwar tarihi na wayewa a duniya, wani wuri na duniyar da aka kafa a Andes mai kimanin kilomita 250 daga Lima , tsawon mita 3,200. Ginin ya zama wani wuri don gudanar da ayyukan addini - wannan ya nuna ta hanyar karewa da yawa daga masu jaguar, macizai, kwantai, hotuna na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu amfani da firistoci a lokacin lokuta; Har ila yau a nan an samo kayan aikin da firistoci ke shirya kayan shaye-shaye na hallucinogenic daga waɗannan tsire-tsire. Masana kimiyya sun yi imanin cewa, a Chavin de Huantar, ba kawai al'adun addini ba, amma har ma taron jama'a ya faru. Zai yiwu temples da ɗakunan suna aiki ne a matsayin mai kulawa.
Gine na hadaddun
Binciken Chavin de Huantar ya kasance cikin hatsari game da shekaru 100 da suka gabata daga wani manomi wanda ya kasance a lokacin gonar ƙasar, ya zo a tsawon dutse mai tsawo (fiye da 2 m) a kan abin da aka nuna wani abu mai ban mamaki. Mai aikin gona ya fitar da samo ne kuma ya yi amfani da shi a matsayin tsaka, har sai wata rana dan kasar Italiya Raimondi ya gani. An bayyana Chavin de Huantar a matsayin ajiyar ilimin archaeological kuma an tsara shi a matsayin Tarihin Duniya ta Duniya.
Kusan dukkanin yankunan da aka dade suna da kimanin kilomita 28. km. Gine-ginen da murabba'ai suna yin takaddun wurare da gyare-gyare, amma wannan ba shine mafi mahimmanci ba; Abin mamaki ne cewa dukansu suna daidaita tare da gabar gabas-yamma tare da cikakken daidaituwa. Gine-gine da aka tanada ba su da kyau - ziyartar hadarin, za ku ga ragowar ganuwar da aka rufe da ƙasa da ciyawa. A cikin ganuwar akwai gado na rectangular (akwai fiye da 20 daga cikinsu), bayan da akwai ɗakunan gida; wasu daga cikinsu za ku iya ziyarta.
Tsohuwar haikalin - asusun ajiyar mahimman kayan tarihi
Tsohon haikalin ya ƙunshi gine-gine biyu; an gina shi a kusa da 1200-900 BC. An gina wannan tsari mai girma ta hanyar harafin U. A cikin tsakar gida suna da wuraren tsabta, waɗanda aka zana siffofin jaguar, caimans, condors da falcons. A cikin haikalin akwai galleries biyu.
A tashar tashar tashar jiragen sama an samo "Spear" ("lanson") - tsawo mai tsawo na mita 4.5, wanda aka yi da dutse fari. Halinsa yana kama da maɓallin mashi - yana da ƙwayar polyhedron, wanda aka ƙera shi. A kan kara akwai siffar wata halitta mai ban mamaki wadda ta kama da "gicciye" wani mutum da jaguar da maciji. Wataƙila shi ne "mashi" wanda shine babban ɗakin sujada na dukan fagen Chavin de Huantar. Har ila yau, akwai tsammanin cewa yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci, tun da kalmar "jaguar" ("chincha" ko "chinchai") an haɗa shi da ƙungiyar Orion ("Choke-Chinchai"). Ramin a kan rufin haikalin, daidai da "tip na mashi", ya ce an gina shi "a kusa" wannan shinge. An san cewa haikalin ya zama "magana" - muminai sun ji muryar "magana da su".
Abin lura ne ganuwar bango na Tsohon Haikali; da zarar an yi musu ado da fiye da ɗari biyu dutse - mutane da dabbobi daban-daban. Yau a cikin cikakke zaka iya ganin daya daga cikinsu.
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Sabuwar Haikali
Sabuwar coci an gina da yawa daga baya - masana kimiyya kwanan shi shekaru 500-200 BC. Yana da girma - 75 mx 72.5 m. Da yawa daga cikin dandali da kuma ɓoye da aka ɓoye a cikin haikalin, godiya ga abin da firistoci zasu iya fitowa sosai - kamar "daga babu inda". An kiyasta tsawo na haikalin zuwa mita 13. A ciki akwai bene uku na galleries, matakai da ɗakuna.
A cikin Sabon Ikilisiya, an samo abubuwa da yawa. A gaba gare shi babban wuri ne. Kusa da Sabuwar Ikilisiyar akwai tashar baki da fari, tare da yawancin gine-gine da kuma murabba'in gari. Ya, a fili, yana da muhimmancin muhimmancin gaske. Ana yin tashar dutse guda biyu na dutse: a gefen arewa shine matakan baƙar fata da aka yi daga bakin dutse na fata, a kudancin gefe don matakai, an yi amfani da ma'auni na fari. A gefuna akwai ginshiƙai biyu na dutse masu launin toka, waɗanda aka yi ado da siffofin halittu masu ban mamaki - tare da jikin mutum, fuka-fukan fuka-fuka, shugaban jaguar da baki na tsuntsaye na ganima.
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Sauran alamu
Sauran wurare biyu da aka samo a shafin su ne Obelisk na Tello, wanda yake tare da alligators tare da jaguar fangs, da kuma Raimondi's Stone - yana nuna nau'i da jaguar (ko puma) da ke riƙe da ma'aikata a kowane fushin gaba . Daga Telo pyramid, wanda yake a gaban Tsohuwar Ikilisiya, kaɗan an kiyaye shi; game da lokacin gine-ginen, masana kimiyya sunyi jayayya - wasu sun gaskata cewa an gina shi bayan gina sabon Haikali, amma mafi yawan sun yarda da cewa Sabuwar Haikali shine "ƙarami" fiye da dala.
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Yadda za a iya zuwa Chavin de Huantar?
Kuna iya zuwa Chavin de Huantar daga Ouaraz ta hanyar bas din da ke zuwa garin kauyen Chavin na yanzu; daga can za kuyi tafiya kusan kilomita. Kuna iya fitowa daga Ouaraz ta hanyar mota. Za ku iya zuwa Huaraz daga Lima da Trujillo ta hanyar bashi na yau da kullum. A cikin akwati na farko, tafiya yana kimanin 8 hours.
Har ila yau, akwai hanyar tafiya na Olleros-Chavin; Ana fara a birnin Olheos kuma yana daukan kwana uku. Kuna iya gano irin wannan tafiye-tafiyen a kowane otel din da hukumomin tafiya a Huaraz.
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