Magungunan yana da yawancin yankuna, kuma kowane mai aiki yana da sana'arta - aikin mayar da hankali. A irin wannan iri-iri akwai wani lokacin mahimmancin fahimtar, da kuma abin da mai maganin neonologist ke yi, wanda shine, wane irin ilimin da yake bi, ba kowa ba ne saninsa.
Wanne ne wannan kuma menene mai maganin neonatologist yayi?
Irin wannan bangare na likita, kamar ilimin lissafi, yana nazarin dabi'un ilimin lissafi da yanayin yanayin haihuwa na yara. Bisa ga wannan, wanene likitancin ilmin likitancin yara, yana da sauƙi a tsammanin: wannan likita yana cikin jarrabawa da kuma kula da marasa lafiya, waɗanda suka fara daga farkon minti na haihuwarsu. Wannan sana'ar ya fito ne da kwanan nan kaɗan, lokacin da ilimin lissafi ya fara raba shi daga obstetrics da yara.
Neonatologist da kuma dan makaranta - bambancin
A gaskiya ma, likitan yara neonatologist, da kuma dan likitan yara, dan jariri ne, amma ƙwarewarsa ya fi dacewa. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ka bayyana yawan watanni da magungunan kwayoyin ke ɗauke da yara. Yanayin jariri shine shekarun jariri daga zero har zuwa kwanaki ashirin da takwas, lokacin da ake kula da lafiyar yaro ga wannan kwararren. Har ila yau, likitancin ya fara lura da yara daga wata daya.
Menene yake bi da wani neonatologist?
Duk wanda yake likitan ne kuma abin da yake warkarwa, kowane mace da ke ɗauke da yaro ya kamata ya sani. Wannan likita yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar ɗan ƙaramin mutumin da kawai ya bayyana. A wannan lokacin, lokacin da yanayin rayuwar yaron ya canza sau da yawa, jikinsa yana bukatar gyaggyarawa zuwa sabon yanayi, sauyawar yanayin numfashi, hanyar cin abinci, da sauransu.
A farkon watanni na rayuwa, dukkanin sassan da aka tsara na jariri an sake ginawa, kuma a wannan lokacin an gano mahaukaci daban-daban, ciki har da waɗanda zasu iya barazanar rayuwarsa ta gaba a nan gaba. Idan aka ba wannan, wanda zai iya fahimtar yadda aikin neonatologist ke da alhaki da kuma dabara. Wannan gwani zai iya iya nazarin halin lafiyar jaririn, ya tsara sharaɗɗa mai kyau don bunkasa ci gaba.
Idan muka yi la'akari da cewa mai kula da maganin neonologist, zamu lura cewa ya hada dasu da dama a cikin aikinsa - likita, likitan ne, likitan zuciya, likitan kwalliya, gastroenterologist da sauransu. A wannan yanayin, jerin cututtuka, waɗanda ke bincikar likita, da kuma magance wannan likita, ya bambanta. Daga cikin su, ya kamata mutum ya fita daga jihohin da suke kan iyakar al'ada da kuma ilimin lissafi, da bukatar kula da hankali ga gyarawa na dacewa:
- jaundice ;
- rikice-rikice;
- albuminuria;
- hypoglycemia;
- matsakaicin polycythemia;
- da fitsari mai kwakwalwa da sauransu.
Mun lissafa cututtuka da cututtuka masu mahimmanci wanda likita yakan fuskanta:
- kullun;
- rikici;
- blenorrhea;
- Hanyar sadarwa ;
- phenylketonuria;
- umnaryan hernia;
- cutar rashin jini;
- cututtuka masu ciwo;
- endocrinopathy;
- ciwon zuciya maras kyau ;
- matashi;
- haihuwa da kuma sauran mutane.
Ina ne aikin neonatologist?
Game da wanene - neonatologist, mata da yawa sun gano riga a asibiti a lokacin haihuwar haihuwa ko bayan bayarwa. Bugu da ƙari, ba wai kawai wani likitan mai cikakken lokaci ba ne a asibitin, waɗannan kwararru suna aiki a sassan asibitin yara a asibitoci, a cikin dakunan shan magani, kuma suna karɓar shiga cikin asibitocin yara sau da yawa. A wasu lokuta, yayin da yaron yana da matsalolin kiwon lafiya, mai kimanin likita zai iya ci gaba da lura da shi har tsawon watanni shida har ma har shekara guda.
Abubuwan da suka shafi neonatologist
Ayyukan likitan halitta shine babban aiki na nazari, zalunta da kuma haihuwar jarirai tare da kowane malformations, wanda ba a haifa ba a lokacin haihuwa, bayan an ba da shi mai wuya. Masanin neonatologist-resuscitator a cikin cikakkun bayanai yana da dukkan bayanan da suka dace don samar da taimako, gaggawa da taimako.
Bugu da ƙari, shawarwari game da maganin wasu cututtuka na jariri, a cikin yanayin polyclinic a wani liyafar a wani masanin neonatologist, wanda bai riga ya koya ba, zai iya samun shawarwari game da:
- manyan dokokin kula da jariri;
- tsarin mulkin jaririn, abinci mai gina jiki;
- kafawar lactation;
- Lissafi na vaccinations da sauransu.
Duba daga likitan neonatologist
A cikin minti na farko bayan haihuwar haihuwa, jarrabawar magungunan nazari ne don tantance lafiyar dan jariri a kan Apgar ma'auni domin ya yanke shawarar yadda yake bukatar kulawa da kulawa na musamman. Ana amfani da alamomi guda biyar don wannan: numfashi, ƙwayar tsoka, ƙwaƙwalwa, zuciya, yanayin fata. Wadannan sigogi an ƙayyade sau biyu - nan da nan bayan haihuwa da kuma bayan minti biyar. Ga jarirai na farko, ana amfani da sikelin Silverman, wanda ke ƙayyade ayyukan motsin rai. Bugu da ƙari, an auna yaron, an ƙaddara girma.
Mene ne mai maganin neonatologist yake yi?
Kwararren kansa ko kuma mai jariri a cikin sa'o'i 24 da haihuwa bayan haihuwar ya samo samfurin jini daga jariri daga haddige don ƙarin bayani game da jini, Rh factor, daban-daban cututtuka. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan haka, ana gudanar da gwajin jini don cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta da kuma ƙayyade ka'idoji na asibiti. Yarinyar likita tana bincikar lafiyar jaririn ta hanyar duba abubuwan da ke tattare da su da kuma nazarin waɗannan gabobin da kuma jikin jiki:
- ciki - jin dadin sanin matsayi da girman girman layin, hanta;
- wuyan wuyansa, collarbone, sternum, zane-zane - don ware raunin haihuwa;
- tsoka - an tantance sautinsu;
- kai - an ƙayyade ko akwai edema, ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi, ana saita adadin fontanel;
- haske, zuciya - bugged ta hanyar phonendoscope;
- al'amuran - jarrabawa, faɗakarwa don gano yiwuwar rashin yiwuwar.
Nazarin Neonatologist
Bayanan kima, wanda mai baiwa lafiyar jiki ya ba, zai taimaka wa iyayen da aka saba haifar da su don magance aikin su, kuma jaririn ya fi sauƙi don daidaitawa da sabon yanayin:
- Yawancin jarirai a cikin kwanakin farko bayan haihuwar kusan kusan barci, abin da yake daidai ne, amma dole ne mu manta kada su ba su nono akai-akai.
- Dakin da yaron ya kasance ya kamata a kwantar da shi, kuma takalma, kayan tufafi, kwanciya bazai tsoma baki tare da numfashi na ƙura ba.
- Saboda gaskiyar cewa jaririyar jariri ba ta da kyau, ba zai iya cike da jin sanyi a matsayin manya, yana da muhimmanci a yi ado da kuma rufe shi daidai da yawan zafin jiki na dakin.
- Ya kamata a dakatar da ziyartar baƙi don kwanaki da yawa ko makonni, lokacin da gurasar za ta samar da wani tsarin mulki.
- Kid yana da matukar damuwa ga halin da mahaifiyar ke ciki, kuma a gare shi yana da mahimmanci don jin kwantar da hankali da ta fito daga ita, amincewa da ayyukanta.