Viola ko Pansy da ake kira kimiyya mai suna Virotka violet. Wannan shuka mai shekaru biyu daga 15 zuwa 30 cm na tsawo, furanni suna kama da kullun, a tsakiyar wanda akwai siffar siffar sabon abu. Launuka bambanta: daga fari zuwa baki tare da tabarau. Pansies suna da kyau sosai: za a iya dasa su ko da sun yi fure da shuka a farkon spring, da zarar dusar ƙanƙara suka fāɗi. Suna fure da wuri sosai (marigayi Maris - Afrilu farkon) kuma suna fure sosai.
Pansies - dasa da kulawa
- Yanayi . Kwayoyin suna da inuwa mai kyau, amma idan sun girma a cikin penumbra, damun ba zai kasance mai yawa ba, ko da yake ya fi tsayi, kuma furanni sun karami kuma haske.
- Ƙasa . Ƙasa da ƙasa mai laushi mai dacewa don dacewa da dasa bishiyoyi, ba tare da damuwa da ruwa ba, saboda wannan yana haifar da lalata tushen tsarin shuka da mutuwarsa.
- Watering . Kuna buƙatar ruwa da saubi sau 2-3 a mako, kuma idan yayi zafi, to kowace rana.
- Top dressing . Puff sama pansies bukatar hadaddun ma'adinai taki tare da potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus da alama abubuwa. Seedlings bukatar a hadu da superphosphate da ammonium nitrate (20-40 g da m²). Ba za a hadu da pansies tare da sabo taki ba.
- Kula . Don yin furanni mai tsawo na tsawon lokaci, kana buƙatar cire furanni maras kyau a lokaci, don kada kwalaye iri suyi girma, kamar yadda lokacin da tsaba ke girma da ƙuƙwalwar furen suna furewa kuma ya mutu.
Pansy - haifuwa
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don bunkasa sabon pans na pansies: tsaba da cuttings.
Pansies - girma daga tsaba
Ana shuka tsaba a hanyoyi biyu:
- madaidaiciya a cikin ƙasa bude;
- a cikin kwalaye.
Bayan gurasar da aka yi, suna da 'ya'yan itace tare da tsaba da suke amfani da su don shuka su a shekara mai zuwa. A lokacin da shuka pansies ya dogara da lokacin da ake so flowering. Don samun kyakkyawan flowering a farkon spring, dole ne a shuka rani a lokacin rani a ƙarshen Yuni - Yuli Yuli na baya shekara. A cikin aikin jinya ko a kan gadaje mai kyau, ba sa shuka a cikin layuka masu yawa. An dasa tsaba ana shuka bayan makonni 1-2, makonni 2-3 bayan bayyanuwar sprouts, suna dived, kuma a ƙarshen watan Agusta an cire su zuwa wurin flowering a nesa na 20-25 s.
Idan kana so ka sami flowering a wannan shekarar, to kana buƙatar shuka tsaba a farko a cikin kwalaye, sa'an nan kuma dasa tsire-tsire a gonar furen.
- Sakamakon aikin matakai:
- Ya kamata a dauki nauyin shuka na pansies a watan Fabrairun, ya watsar da su a kan ƙasa mai yalwa, dan kadan ya yayyafa shi da ƙasa mai zurfi.
- Akwatin da aka sanya a wuri mai duhu tare da zafin jiki na 15-20 ° C da isasshen ƙasa mai laushi.
- Lokacin da tsaba suna hawa (makonni 1-2), za a saukar da yawan zazzabi zuwa 10 ° C kuma saka akwati tare da sprouts a hasken rana.
- Zaka iya nutse da seedlings na viola a cikin kwanaki 10-20.
- Shuka seedlings na flower a cikin ƙasa a cikin Mayu, don haka a lokacin rani sun riga sun fara.
Pansy - yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings
Cuttings suna fadada nan da nan a cikin ƙasa, kuma an fara farawa a watan Mayu-Yuni.
- Tare da daji yanke karshe kore harbe tare da 2-3 knots.
- Wadannan tsire ana shuka su ne a kan wani wuri mai shade kusa da juna a zurfin 0.5 cm, nan da nan yana da kyau ga ruwa da yayyafa da ruwa.
- Tushen cuttings zai bayyana a cikin makonni 3-4.
Idan harkar ruwa a cikin bazara, to, kullun za su yi fure a lokacin rani ko farkon kaka na wannan shekara, kuma idan kusa da kaka - to, a cikin bazara don shekara ta gaba.
Irin wannan haifuwa ta sake haifar da tsire-tsire da kansu, baya bada izinin tsire-tsire masu girma, saboda wannan yana haifar da deterioration na flowering. Daga wani babban daji a wani lokaci zaka iya samun kimanin nau'i 10, kuma har tsawon lokacin rani duk da haka.
Pansy - cututtuka da kwari
Rashin yin amfani da agrotechnics na girma pansies yana haifar da ci gaban cututtuka masu zuwa:
- black kafa;
- yankakken man fetur;
- tushen da kuma kara rot,
- tabo.
Daga kwari, mafi yawancin su ne aphids da scoops , wanda za'a iya sarrafawa tare da kwayoyi masu dacewa.
Dangane da rashin saɓo a cikin tsire-tsire da launuka masu launi, ana amfani da pansies don yin ado da lambun furanni da kuma baranda.