Kokwamba borage kuma ana kiransa borage. Al'adu ya zama sananne a ƙasashen Turai kuma ya girma ne a matsayin kayan lambu. Her ganye suna daɗin sauti kamar kokwamba, borachnik yana son furanni cornflower. Abubuwa masu amfani da ciyawa - da ikon haɓaka yanayi, bada ƙarfi. An yi amfani da shi a dafa abinci, amfani da magani.
Menene irin ciyawa da kokwamba suke kama?
Girma mai zurfi yana da tsayi mai tsayi na tsawon shekara 30-60 cm. An rufe shi da gashin gashi, a kan bishiyoyin zaitun da aka yayyafa su sunyi kama da furanni, a kan stalk - mafi m. Ƙananan faranti sun fi girma fiye da babba. Borage borage yana da sabon furanni - 5-petalled, babban, blue ko blue tare da pinkish tint, zaune a kan dogon pedicel. Suna da kyau sosai kuma suna jawo hankalin kwari masu amfani da yawa, an dauke su zuma mai kyau. Tsarin al'ada na dogon lokaci, da sauri ya rinjayi sababbin shafuka.
Kokwamba ciyawa dasa
Ginin ba ya buƙatar kulawa na musamman. Borago, a matsayin cikakkiyar al'adu maras kyau da sanyi, ciyawa na kokwamba zai iya ba da farko harbe da zarar an narke ƙasa, kuma a cikin kaka yana girma har zuwa farkon dusar ƙanƙara. Kayan lambu ninka ta hanyar tsaba da aka kafa bayan flowering, iska za ta warwatsa su. Don saukowa farko ya fi kyau a zabi wuri na rana ko haske penumbra. Wani albarkatun gona mai albarka yana kan ƙasa mai kyau da haske, duk wani al'adu, wanda aka sanya sabo mai hatsi, zai iya zama daidai.
Yadda za a shuka borago?
'Ya'yan itacen ciyawar tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna ribbed zuwa 5 cm a tsawon. Tsaba su ne manyan, baƙar launi, riƙe da damar germination shekaru 2-3. Samar da tsire-tsire kokwamba ana aiwatar da ita ta hanyar tsara ta hanyar kai tsaye na 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin madara. Don haka, an shirya tsagi, ana sanya tsaba a zurfin 1.5-2 cm, yawancin shuka shine 3-6 g ta 1 sq. M. An shirya littafi ne don awa 24 da kuma sanya tsakanin layuka 25-30 cm da nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire 10 cm (bayan thinning).
Zaka iya amfani da layin layi uku tare da tsaka na 50 cm kuma tsakanin samfurori na 20 cm Bayan dasa shuki, inji ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai. Yana da kyau don thicken da seedlings tare da bakin ciki Layer na sawdust. Seedlings zai šauki 10-12 days daga baya. Idan sun kasance mai zurfi, ya kamata su zama masu bakin ciki, su bar tsire guda zuwa tsire-tsire 15. Gwargwadon lokacin girma daga dasa shuki zuwa bayyanar tsaba shine kwanaki 70-80.
Yaushe za a shuka tsire-tsire kokwamba?
Yana da kyau a sanya tsaba a cikin ƙasa a cikin marigayi Afrilu-farkon watan Mayu. A farkon girbi, ana shuka shuka a cikin akwati a watan Maris, kuma bayan an kafa ganye 3-4, an dasa su a karkashin fim. Don ci gaba da samun ruwan inabi a kan tebur, ana yin shuka a cikin matakai daban-daban a cikin kakar kowane 15-18 days. Lokacin da aka girbe amfanin gona na kaka-kaka a cikin marigayi Satumba - farkon Nuwamba. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, borago zai iya karuwa sosai ta hanyar iri-iri - tsaba da suka rushe a cikin kaka zasu yi girma a cikin bazara daya daga cikin na farko a gonar.
Yadda za a shuka ciyawa kokwamba?
Noma na shuka ba shi da wuya ko don farawa. Kwayoyin tsire-tsire ba shi da kyau, yana girma a cikin ƙasa ko a gida a tukunya. Don samun amfanin gona na farko, ana iya shuka al'adun a cikin watan Maris a cikin wani gine-ginen ko gine-gine karkashin fim. Shuka ciyawa da ke kusa da apiary ko strawberry. Ya dace da cucumbers, kowane irin kabeji, tumatir, zucchini.
Kokwamba borage a bude ƙasa
Duk bangarori na ciyayi ciyawa na sababbin cucumbers, suna kakar salads. Furen na shuka ma edible, suna cinyewa a wani nau'i mai kwakwalwa, an kara su da abin sha. Matsayi na farko na tashin hankali lokacin da girma a waje ya dogara da amfani da nan gaba. Idan aka yi amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyi a matsayin cikakke, ana shuka shuka bisa ga alamar intercostal na 10 cm tare da jawo tsire-tsire, yana kara nisa zuwa 30 cm A yayin da yake girma da furanni don furanni ko tsaba, ana tsayar da tsaka tsakanin tsire-tsire a 75 cm.
Al'adu na girma girma, da sauri kai ga balaga. Zaka iya yanke zanen bayan bayan kwanaki 25-30 bayan shuka. Tsaftacewa ta atomatik na peduncles yana inganta ci gaba da sauri na kore taro. Idan ba a yanke su ba, to ana iya tabbatar da tsirrai iri na shuka, kuma a wani yanki zaka iya samun sau biyu ko sau uku. Maganin ba'a taba shawo kan kwayoyin cuta ba, sai ya yi girma da sauri har tsawon lokaci. Kwararrun kwarewa ya lura cewa yana kare tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire daga tsire-tsire, yana taimakawa wajen ci gaba da sauri, tsire-tsire weeds.
Borago - girma daga tsaba
Don samar da tsaba, zaɓi da yawa ɓullo da ƙira mai karfi. Ba a bar su ba, ba a cire su ba. Tsarin flowering na cikewar kokwamba mai tsayi yana ƙarfafawa sosai, saboda haka ana girbe tsaba yayin da yake girbe. Alamar saurin shiri shine karfafawa da kamfanonin, wanda aka yanke kuma an tsare a cikin inuwa. Cikakke tsaba girgiza sauƙi lokacin girgiza, ajiye su a takarda ko gilashin kwantena. Yadda za a yi girma kokwamba ciyawa:
- A shuka ne mafi alhẽri bred a kan yashi kasa tare da dan kadan alkaline dauki. A lokacin kaka, an ginata shafin, kuma a cikin idon ruwa suna yin harka da kuma yin gadaje.
- Bayan shirye-shirye na jere, ana rarraba tsaba a daidai da tsarin shuka kuma dan kadan yafa masa ƙasa.
- Borage borage ba ji tsoron zafi ko sanyi, yana iya tsayayya da inuwa da thickening. A cikin albarkatu da aka kare daga hasken rana, ƙwayarta sun zama mafi muni. A lokacin rani, lokacin da yanayin ya yi zafi, suna da sauri, kuma suna da siffofi.
- Yayinda matasa suka bayyana kafin su yi fure, ana amfani da su don abinci.
- Za a iya shuka tsaba a cikin hunturu, to, a cikin bazara za su ba da harbe mai kyau.
Borago a kan windowsill
Don ciyawa mai tsin-tsire kokwamba, dasa shuki da kulawa da kwarewa za a iya samu nasara a cikin hunturu da kuma lokacin rani a cikin wani shinge na rana a cikin tukunyar furen talakawa. A cikin dakin, ramin shuka ya kai 70 cm a tsawo. Ellipsoidal m ganye da kuma manyan sky-blue furanni, tattara a tsoro-dimbin yawa rosettes, za su yi ado duk wani ciki. Shuka al'adun a watan Maris-Afrilu a cikin tukunyar fure-fuki don yawancin tsaba.
Bayan fitowar sprouts, bari daya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu karfi. Sa'an nan kuma, bayan makonni uku, an cire kiban kiban, to, ciyawa ba za su yi girma ba, kuma zai zama sauƙin girma a cikin kwantena akan windowsill, veranda, baranda. Don na yau da kullum samar da greenery, shuka ne da za'ayi a cikin matakai da dama - bayan 2-3 makonni. A farkon girbi, dole a sanya gado a wuri mai duhu, kuma a lokacin rani - a cikin wuri mai shaded.
Borago - kula
Kwayar tsire-tsire ba shi da kyau, kula da shi ne na yau da kullum watering, weeding, idan ya cancanta, loosening layuka, ciyar, thinning da girbi. Dokokin namo:
- Sai kawai a farkon da ciyawa ya kamata ya rabu da mu weeds;
- ba tare da kula da kula da shayar daji sosai ba, da zama da sako. Yana da mahimmanci wajen saka idanu akan aikin haifuwa. An yi shi ne a cikin kashi 2-3 na ganye, yana mai sauƙi, saboda cotyledons na shuka su ne manyan. Idan kana buƙatar tattara tsaba daga shuka, kana buƙatar barin wani samfurori a jere na 75;
- A lokacin bazara, matasa na ganye 5-7 cm tsawo an yanke zuwa teburin;
- Borago ya kamata ba a yarda ya yi girma - tsofaffin harbe na coarsen, rasa dandano da wari na sababbin kokwamba;
- yawan amfanin gona na ciyawa shine 600-700 grams da mita mita;
- don girbi don yin amfani da borago a nan gaba tsabtace shi a lokacin flowering, bayan ya tara yawancin yawan man fetur da na gina jiki;
- ciyawa an kakkarye, an bushe a cikin ɗakin da aka sha, an adana shi don dalilai na dafuwa.
Borage shuka - watering
Bramachnik (borago) - ciyawa kokwamba shine tsire-tsire, amma dasa shuki da kula da shi yana buƙatar watering. Bar a cikin al'adun ba tare da danshi a cikin busassun yanayin coarsen ba. Watering yana da matsakaici da dacewa, yana da muhimmanci ga samfurin ya zama m. Sau da yawa shuka bata da ruwan sama. Kuma bushewa yana kaiwa ga gaskiyar cewa basa zama tsire-tsire mai gina jiki ba, amma ƙwayar daji.
Borage borage - saman miya
Don samun magunguna mai gina jiki mai kulawa da kariya akan yanayin caji ba zai cutar da shi ba. Ana gudanar da taki a cikin matakai guda biyu ta kakar, an tsara shi zuwa weeding da thinning. Na farko takin takarda an shirya a mataki na samfurin 1-2 leaflets yanzu. Ga taki dace da kowa mullein , diluted da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1:10, ko urea - 10 grams da lita na ruwa.
Ana ciyar da abinci na gaba a cikin kwanaki 15-20 kafin a fara aiki na al'adu tare da wannan mullein ko bushe ash, ta amfani da shi a cikin rabin gilashin ta 1 sq.m. Yayin da kake girma a gida, zaka iya yin amfani da taki na ma'adinai - yin 20 grams na ammonium nitrate da mita 1 na yanki, kuma za a warware matsalar tare da taki.
Kokwamba ciyawa shuka - cututtuka
Al'adu ya bambanta ta hanyar mahimmanci mai mahimmanci kuma yana da damuwa da kwari ko cututtuka. Kuma yana tsorata wasu ƙwayoyin cuta. Alal misali, mutane da yawa sun dasa shi kusa da dankali ko tumatir, tun da an yi imani cewa mutumin da ke cikin iska yana fitar da ƙwayoyin Colorado daga gare su. Gidan shuka yana da matsala a cikin namo:
- A wani lokaci musamman bushe, ciyawa shine abu mai mahimmanci don aphids. Yana ciyar a kan ruwan 'ya'yan itace na matasa greenery. Yarda da shi tare da taimako na ainihin tafarnuwa, taba, ja barkono mai zafi, ruwan sha mai kyau.
- Wani lokaci ana mamakin caterpillars-crabs. Domin kwari ya bar gonar, ana iya yaduwa yankin tare da wani bayani na valerian tincture (1 kwalban kowace lita 3 na ruwa). Hanyar sabon abu ita ce amfani da katako, wanda aka sanya shi cikin ruwa a cikin dare kuma ya yayyafa shi da shuka.
- Gidan zai iya lalata maigidan oxalic. Hanyar gwagwarmaya:
- spraying tare da ganye Parisian (20 grams na guba da lita 10 na ruwa);
- magani tare da turbaya turbaya (200 grams sabulu da lita 10 na ruwa);
- tattara da kuma lalata fasali na caterpillars.