Ɗaya daga cikin ayyuka masu ban sha'awa da masu tayar da hankali ga mata masu juna biyu shine yin nazari. Kuma musamman tsofaffi mata masu sa ran suna kallo don karo na biyu na ciki. Don abin da ake buƙata kuma ko ya kamata ya ji tsoro - za mu bincika a cikin labarinmu.
Wane ne ke hadarin?
A kan shawarwarin Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya da ke kula da Lafiya ta Duniya ana gudanar da su ne a Rasha ta duk mata masu ciki. Ana gudanar da bincike na musamman don matan da ke da wadannan abubuwa masu haɗari:
- shekaru fiye da 35;
- kasancewar a cikin iyali na yaron da pathologies na chromosomal;
- aure tsakanin dangi dangi;
- da kwayoyi a farkon trimester contraindicated a cikin ciki;
- barazanar jinkirin ƙaddamar da ciki;
- ƙaura biyu ko fiye;
- irradiation na daya daga cikin ma'aurata kafin zuwan.
Binciko don ciki - lokaci da kuma bincike
Yawancin lokaci ana yin nazari akan daukar ciki ne sau biyu: a cikin makonni 10-13 da 16-19. Manufarta ita ce ta gano yiwuwar cututtuka na chromosomal mai tsanani:
- burbushi na 21st chromosome (Down syndrome);
- burbushi na 18th chromosome (Edwards cuta);
- lahani na ƙananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ɗan tayin (ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar baƙar haihuwa).
Nunawa yana kunshe da matakai masu zuwa: duban dan tayi, gwajin jini, fassarar bayanai. Mataki na karshe yana da mahimmanci: a kan yadda likita ke tantance halin tayin, ba wai kawai jaririn ya dogara ba, amma har ma yanayin halayyar mace mai ciki.
Nunawa na biyu don daukar ciki shine, na farko, abin da ake kira gwaje-gwaje sau uku, gwajin jini, wanda ya ƙayyade gabanin alamun alamomi guda uku:
- alpha-fetoprotein (AFP);
- total hCG;
- free estriol (E3).
Dangane da matakin waɗannan alamomi a cikin jinin mahaifiyar nan gaba, suna magana game da hadarin bunkasa kwayoyin halitta.
| Zalunci | AFP | E3 | HCG |
|---|---|---|---|
| Down syndrome (trisomy 21) | Low | Low | High |
| Edwards cuta (trisomy 18) | Low | Low | Low |
| Nerve tube lahani | High | Na al'ada | Na al'ada |
Hanya na biyu a lokacin daukar ciki ma ya haɗa da jarrabawar jarrabawar duban dan tayi zai bincika tayin, ƙwayoyinsa, gabobin ciki, tantance yanayin ƙwayar mahaifa da amniotic. Lokaci na gwaji na biyu don daukar ciki don gwajin dan tayi da kwayar cutar biochemical bai dace ba: duban dan tayi ya fi sani tsakanin 20 zuwa 24 makonni, kuma lokaci mafi kyau ga jarrabawa sau uku shine makonni 16-19.
Bari mu kwatanta siffofin
Abin takaici, ba duk likitoci ba su gano sakamakon gwajin sau uku ga iyaye masu zuwa. A zangon na biyu don daukar ciki, alamun wadannan alamun sune al'ada:
- AFP a mako 15-19 na gestation - 15-95 U / ml kuma a makon 20-24 - 27-125 U / ml.
- HCG a 15-25th mako na ciki - 10000-35000 mU / ml.
- Free estriol a makonni 17-18 - 6,6-25,0 nmol / l, a makon 19-20 - 7,5-28,0 nmol / l kuma a makon 21-22 - 12,0-41,0 nmol / l.
Idan masu nuna alamun suna cikin iyakokin al'ada, to yaron yana iya zama cikakke lafiya. Kada ka damu idan lambobi a cikin sakamakon gwaje-gwajen sun wuce iyakokin al'ada: gwajin sau uku ne sau da yawa "kuskure". Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu dalilai masu yawa waɗanda ke da tasiri sosai game da sakamakon bincike na biochemical:
- yawan ciki;
- IVF;
- nauyin mace mai ciki (a cikin cikakkun mata, ana samun ƙididdigar, a cikin yanayin jinƙan, an saukar da su);
- miyagun halaye (shan taba a lokacin haihuwa);
- masu ciwon sukari a cikin mata masu ciki;
- Magana mara daidai ba game da shekarun haihuwa.
Yin gwagwarmaya game da yiwuwar pathologies na tayin ba shi da daraja. Babu likita da ke da ikon yin ganewar asali, bari ya dakatar da ciki, bisa la'akari. Sakamakon binciken ya ba da izini don tantance haɗarin yaron da ke da lahani. Mata masu samun ƙananan ƙarin gwaje-gwaje (cikakkun duban dan tayi, amniocentesis, cordocentesis).