A cikin bakin mutum, mai yawa na kwayoyin halitta sunadarai suna rayuwa, wanda hakan yana haifar da ingancin hakora. Kwayoyin cuta yana haifar da lalacewa, wanda yakan haifar da ci gaban caries. Ba tare da magani mai dacewa ba, cutar ta ci gaba da sauri kuma tana yaduwa ga hakoran hakora.
Mene ne caries?
Translation na sunan pathology daga Latin - lalata. Kwayar da aka yi la'akari da shi shine hadari da kuma jinkirin aiwatar da lalata ƙwayar ƙwayar hakori ta microbes. Ana bayyana bayyanar caries ta hanyar kawar da enamel da halakar tsarinsa a ƙarƙashin tasirin abubuwan ciki da na waje. Cutar da juna da kuma sauran ƙwayoyin ƙwayar haƙori na hakori, ciki har da dentin. Idan babu wani magani mai kyau, lokaci-lokaci da kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara sun zama ƙura.
Dalilin caries:
- rashin kuskure ko rashin tsafta na tsabta;
- rashi na bitamin;
- rashin abinci mai gina jiki tare da yawancin abinci na carbohydrate;
- ciwon hakori na hakikanin cuta;
- pathology na gastrointestinal fili;
- rickets ko tarin fuka a cikin anamnesis;
- cututtuka na tsarin rigakafi;
- rashin phosphorus, alli ko ƙwaya;
- gaps da rata tsakanin hakora;
- rashin ciwo ba tare da magani ba;
- ƙananan adadin, abun da ke ciki na pathogenic;
- jigilar kwayoyin halitta.
Nau'ikan caries
Akwai bambanci daban-daban na cutar, amma yin amfani da likitoci sukan yi amfani da rarraba ta wuri da mataki. Dangane da wurin rot, ana rarrabe irin waɗannan nau'o'in patho:
- Cervical - caries a cikin ƙananan ƙananan hakori, a kan iyakar tare da danko.
- Fissure (lamba) - halakarwa a cikin ƙananan ƙafa.
- Interdental - caries a cikin sarari tsakanin hakora.
- Abun ciki - ciwon jijiyar jiki tare da matakai masu ƙira a karkashin gwanin.
- Caries na hakoran baya - hallaka incisors tare da gefuna.
- Iatrogenic - lalacewa a kusa da prostheses, gyare-gyare da kuma sauran sassa don magani.
Matsayi na caries
Dangane da lalacewar ƙwayar haƙori mai tsummoki, an ƙaddamar da cutar a cikin wadannan siffofin:
- Stage na tabo. Gilashin yalwa a wasu wuraren canza launi, ya zama fari. Jiyya na caries a wannan mataki ne mai sauri da kuma m. Tsuntsauran ƙarancin mutum yana lalacewa da ƙananan nama.
- Ƙananan caries. Enamel ya yi hasarar ma'adanai, ya sami tsarin da ya dace. Akwai ƙwarewar hakora ga hakora, sanyi, mai dadi da m.
- Matsakaicin sauti. Rushe ba kawai enamel, amma har iyakar da dentin. Damage ga haƙori ne a bayyane, ana jin zafi, musamman lokacin da aka nuna wa abinci da abin sha.
- Deep caries. Rotting ya kai dodo da Layer dake kusa da ɓangaren litattafan almara. Ciwo na ciwo yana da dindindin kuma yana da karfi.
Mene ne hatsari mai hatsarin gaske?
Ba tare da maganin lokaci ba, cututtuka na ci gaba da sauri kuma yana haifar da rikitarwa. Ƙananan ƙuƙwan ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayoyi na iya haifar da sakamakon haka:
- Pulpitis shine ƙin ƙananan sifofi na ciki, ciki har da jijiyoyi, da jini da kayan haɗin kai.
- Periodontitis ita ce shan kashi da rushewa na mutuncin halayen da ke riƙe da hakori a cikin danko da jawbone.
- Granuloma - wani akwati (cyst) cike da tura. An kafa a tushen hakori, shine mayar da hankali ga kamuwa da cuta a jiki.
Jiyya na caries tare da hakowa
Shirye-shiryen wuraren lalacewa yana tabbatar da kawar da kayan ƙyallen da ke cikin jiki. Yayinda wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da za a kawar da caries a wani wuri mai zurfi na cutar. Ana maye gurbin takalmin cirewa ta hanyar maye gurbin artificial a cikin sakonni. Abubuwan zamani suna kallon al'ada kuma basu bambanta da launi daga nasu hakora masu kyau.
Jiyya na caries - matakai
Hanyar gargajiya da rawar jiki na yankunan da aka shafa sunyi daidai da tsari mai kyau, wasu matakai zasu iya gyara ta hanyar likitan hakori dangane da halaye na mutum na mai haƙuri. Jiyya na caries ya hada da wadannan matakai:
- Tsaftacewa. An cire dutse da dutse daga hakori masu cike da ƙananan da kuma yankunan da ke kusa.
- Anesthesia. A wasu lokuta, ba a buƙatar maganin cutar ba. Yana da muhimmanci lokacin da aka cire zurfin gine-ginen da aka yi wa cututtuka, maganin ya haɗa da inject da wani cututtuka cikin ƙwayar.
- Kashe yankunan da aka shafa. Ana aiwatar da shirye-shirye na yankuna da kuma kyallen takalma na kusa.
- Haɓaka. Don tabbatar da cewa hatimi na da tsawon lokacin da zai yiwu, yana da muhimmanci don cire duk wani danshi (ruwa, ruwa daga iska mai iska) daga shiga cikin hakori da aka bi. A baya, an yi amfani da swabs da gauze na wutan lantarki don wannan dalili, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a yankin da aka shirya. Yin magani na zamani na caries ya shafi amfani da cofferdam. Yana da nau'i mai laushi wanda yake samar da cikakken rarrabe haƙori.
- Ana shirya don hatimi. An magance wuraren da aka satar da su tare da maganin antiseptics, an kwantar da enamel tare da acid phosphoric da kuma m. Wadannan matakai na magani sun hana rashin kamuwa da cuta kuma suna inganta adhesion daga kayan abu zuwa ga hakori. Lokacin da aka lalata maɓallin lambar sadarwa da ganuwar gefen, dental ya dawo da su.
- Sealing. An saka gashin gilashi-ionomer mai yatsa a saman kashin da aka shirya. An gabatar da kayan abu mai mahimmanci a saman, an zaba domin launin launi na haɗin haɗin haɗin da yake da shi. Kowace Layer yana haskaka ta fitila ta musamman, wanda ke tabbatar da hardening na hatimi.
- Grinding. Matakan karshe na magani yana da mahimmanci don sake dawowa da damar iyawa na haƙori da haƙƙin asali. Grinding yana sa ya zama santsi kuma mai santsi, kamar launi.
Nau'i na hakori
Abubuwan da aka bayyana an raba su zuwa wucin gadi da dindindin. A cikin akwati na farko, an yi amfani da katako dentin. Sun rufe kofar da aka sanya arsenic don warwarewa sannan kuma cire naman. Bayan kwanakin 1-3, an cire wannan hatimi kuma daya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan dindindin don magani an saita:
- Ciminti. Kyauta mai sauƙi, mai sauƙi-da-amfani, da sauri ya ɓace, yana da adadi ga hakora.
- Karfe. Mafi mahimmancin, amma hadaddun cikin sharuddan shigarwa. Kusan ba a yi amfani da kayan ba a magani saboda rashin kayan jiki da kyawawan kayan da basu dace ba.
- Filastik ko tsari. Abubuwan da ke iya dorewa, sauƙin zaɓin su ta hanyar launi zuwa ga inuwa ta hakora. Irin wannan takalma zai iya zama mai guba, da sauri ya yi duhu kuma ya zama porous, wanda zai haifar da lalatawa ta biyu.
- 'Yan wasa. Abubuwan zamani, aminci da kayan aiki masu dacewa don jiyya, dasu a ƙarƙashin rinjayar radiation ultraviolet. Godiya ga kyakkyawan halaye masu kyau, ana iya amfani da takalmin don maganin cavities a gaban hakora. Ƙimar kulawar shigarwa yana biya ta hanyar dogon lokaci.
- Depoforez. A bakin tashar da aka fallasa, an samar da hydroxide na jan karfe da kuma allurar ƙwayoyin lantarki, an sanya wutar lantarki mai kwakwalwa, ana amfani da wutar lantarki mai kyau a kunci. Bayan an bada fitarwa a cikin 2 mA, dukkanin kwayoyin halittu sun rushe. Tare da taimakon depophoresis, har ma da matsalolin caries suna bi da.
- Ciko da gutta-percha mai zafi. Wani abu tare da zafin jiki na har zuwa digiri 100 an ciyar da shi cikin tashar. A guduro cika dukan cavities da sauri hardens.
- Cold gutta-percha cika. Ɗaya daga cikin nau'o'in da aka tsara da aka tsara daidai da siffar ramin an saka su cikin tashar.
- Takaddun hatimi biyu (tare da gashi). Yanyan sandwich a dentistry shine haɗin gilashin ionomer na gilashi (Layer ciki) da kuma matsayi (matsanancin sashi).
Hanyar yau da kullum na kula da caries
A ci gaba da aikin likita masu amfani da fasaha sunyi amfani da su:
Jiyya na caries ba tare da hakowa hakora ba
A sauƙaƙƙun sauƙi na ci gaba da ilimin lissafi, mutum ba zai iya rusa tare da shirye-shirye da kuma cire kayan kyallen ba. Hanyoyi mafi inganci yadda za a bi da cavities ba tare da rawar soja ba:
- lasisin lasisi;
- Gel magani;
- icon-fasaha.
Jiyya na caries by laser
Wani sabon fasaha don cire lalacewar enamel ta hanyar evaporation. Kula da caries ba tare da hawan hauka ba ya dace ne kawai don magance yanayin rashin lafiya. Idan lalata ya kai dodo, ƙananan laser ba zai haifar da sakamako da ake so ba. A irin waɗannan lokuta, wajibi ne don gudanar da maganin kulawa tare da shiri tare da shiri. Bayan magani laser, ana buƙatar cika.
Jiyya na caries da gel
Ba'a gabatar da fasahar da aka gabatar ba a dentistry, an gwada miyagun ƙwayoyi ne kawai a cikin ƙwayoyi. Mai yiwuwa, wannan fasaha zai ba da damar kula da caries a wuri ko wuri na ci gaban. Jigon farfadowa shi ne gabatarwa a cikin ɓangaren lalacewar gel na musamman tare da peptides. Yana canza jinsin kwayoyin da ke haifar da juyawa, kuma yana haifar da rabuwa da kwayoyin halitta, wanda shine enamel ya ƙunshi. A sakamakon haka, yankin da ya shafa ya tsiro kansa.
Icon-fasaha - kula da caries
Wannan hanyar farfasa ba tasiri ba ne a matsakaici da kuma zurfin siffofin cutar. Kayan fasaha na fasaha yana ba da magani ga fararen kullun yayin da yake cikin launi. Bayan wankewar wankewar hakori, abin da ke ciki ya shafe shi tare da gel da yake kashe kwayoyin microhoganic pathogenic. Bayan minti 2, an wanke miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma an bushe saman. A kan wuraren da aka shirya da aka yi amfani da Icon ana amfani da shi kuma ana aiwatar da polymerization ta ultraviolet. Ana rufe "cavities" a cikin kwayar halitta mai kwakwalwa kuma an dawo da enamel hakori.
Prophylaxis na caries
Don hana matakai na sakawa a cikin rami na tsakiya yana da muhimmanci a ziyarci likita a kowane lokaci kuma a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a cikin watanni 4-6.
Shirye-shiryen ƙwayar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyi na ƙwayoyi:
- Tsaftacewa kullum, akalla sau 2 a rana;
- Daidaita cin abinci;
- iyakance amfani da kayan abinci carbohydrate, Sweets;
- hada kifin da kifi a cikin menu;
- cikakke kayan cin abinci;
- yin amfani da kayan yaro mai ƙanshi ko ƙari tare da alli;
- magani na dacewa na cututtuka na baki;
- na yau da kullum na tsabtace hakora (sau ɗaya kowane watanni 6-12);
- kofa ta wanke ko yin amfani da mai shan taba bayan cin abinci;
- ƙuntatawa cikin cin abinci na kayan samfurori tare da ƙananan zafin jiki.