Jerin musamman hatsari cututtuka ya hada da wadanda cututtuka da aka halin da na musamman annoba hatsari, i.e. suna iya rarraba rarraba tsakanin mutane. Har ila yau, suna fuskantar halin yanzu mai tsanani, babban haɗarin lalacewa kuma zai iya zama tushen makamai masu guba na hallaka masallatai. Yi la'akari da abin da aka lissafa a cikin cututtuka kamar yadda yake da hatsarin gaske, da kuma yadda za ka kare kanka daga kamuwa da cuta.
Musamman kawo hadari cututtuka da pathogens
A cikin maganin duniya babu wasu ka'idodi masu daraja game da abin da ya kamata a dauka cikin cututtuka. Lambobin irin wannan cututtuka sun bambanta a yankuna daban-daban, ana iya ƙara su tare da sababbin cututtuka, kuma, akasin haka, cire wasu cututtuka.
A halin yanzu, masu fama da cututtuka na gida suna bi da jerin, wanda ya haɗa da cututtuka 5 musamman haɗari:
- anthrax;
- kwalara ;
- annoba;
- Tularemia;
- yellow fever (da kuma irin wannan annoba na cutar da Marburg).
Anthrax
Zoonotic kamuwa da cuta, i.e. wanda aka aika zuwa mutum daga dabbobi. Maganin mai cutar da cutar shine cututtuka, wanda aka tsare a cikin ƙasa shekaru da yawa. Maganar kamuwa da cuta ita ce dabbobin gida marasa lafiya (manyan dabbobi da dabbobi, aladai, da dai sauransu). Kwayar cuta na iya faruwa a cikin ɗayan hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- fil;
- iska-ƙura;
- abinci;
- transmissive.
Kwayar yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci (har zuwa kwanaki 3). Dangane da hoton asibiti na anthrax, akwai nau'in anthrax guda uku:
- fata;
- gastrointestinal;
- akidar.
Cholera
Magungunan kwayan cuta mai tsanani, na zuwa ga rukuni na cututtuka na hanji. Mai wakilcin wannan kamuwa da cuta shine kwalara vibrio, wanda aka kiyaye shi a yanayin zafi da kuma yanayin yanayi. Sakamakon kamuwa da cuta wani mutum ne mai rashin lafiya (ciki har da mataki na maida) da kuma mai sautin vibrio. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa ne ta hanya mai laushi.
Halin saurin cutar shine har zuwa kwanaki 5. Musamman haɗari ne kwalara, wanda ke gudana a cikin wata ƙare ko wani abu mai mahimmanci.
Ciwo
Wani mummunan cututtuka da ke dauke da mummunan cututtuka da matsananciyar mutuwar mutuwa. Mai wakilci mai yaduwa ne mai kwakwalwa, wanda ke dauke da mutane marasa lafiya, rodents da kwari (fleas, da dai sauransu). Bala'i mai rikici yana da matukar damuwa, yana tsayayya da yanayin zafi. Hanyar watsawa sun bambanta:
- transmissible;
- iska-drip.
Akwai siffofin annoba da dama, mafi yawancin su shine kwayoyin huhu da kumfa. Zaman yanayi zai iya zama har zuwa kwanaki 6.
Tularemia
Kwayar cuta ta jiki, wadda ke da haɗari, ta zama sananne ga 'yan adam. Mai wakilci shine mai anaerobic tularemia bacillus. Ruwa na kamuwa da cuta shine rodents, wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa (hares, tumaki, da sauransu), tsuntsaye. A lokaci guda kuma, marasa lafiya ba su da kariya. Akwai hanyoyi na kamuwa da cuta:
- transmissible;
- na numfashi;
- fil;
- abinci.
Lokacin shiryawa, a matsakaita, shine kwanaki 3 zuwa 7. Akwai siffofin da dama na tularemia:
- na hanji;
- bubonic;
- Kullum;
- ulcer-bubonic da sauransu.
Rawan zazzabi
Musamman magungunan cutar kamuwa da cuta, kamar kamuwa da cutar. Mai wakilci mai yaduwa shine arbovirus, wanda aka kawo ta hanyar ciwon sauro. Cutar cutar Ebola da Marburg suna haifar da filoviruses, wadanda 'yan birane na Afrika suke ɗauke da su da kuma wasu nau'ikan hatsi. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa a hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- iska-drip;
- fil.
Rigakafin cututtuka masu hatsari
Mafi mahimmanci a tsarin tsarin rigakafi na cututtukan cututtuka musamman haɗari shine lalacewa na sirri, wanda ke samar da:
- An yi amfani da amfani da ruwa da abubuwan sha mai kyau;
- wanke wankewa da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari;
- shan kawai abincin da aka sarrafa ta hanyar zafi;
- yin wanka a wuraren musamman;
- kiyaye ka'idojin tsabtace jiki, da dai sauransu.
Dole ne a dauki alurar riga kafi a duk lokacin da zai yiwu.