Daidaitawa a cikin jiki da tsutsotsi masu tsangwama suna haifar da cututtuka na helminthic, ciki har da trichinosis - ba a bayyana alamar cututtukan mutum a bayyane ba. Mai ɗaukar kamuwa da cuta ba zai iya san cewa tsutsotsi yana fuskantar shi ba. Yayin da cutar ta ci gaba da bace, da wuya cutar ta ci gaba. A wasu lokuta, ya zo da sakamakon mutuwa.
Kamuwa da cuta na mutum da trichinosis
Maganin mai cuta na cutar shi ne ƙananan ƙwayar nematode, karkace, na bakin ciki, kusan filiform, kai tsawon tsawon 0.5-4 mm. Ana samun Trichinella cikin dabbobi na gida (cats, karnuka, aladu), daji (boars, foxes, wolfs), rodents, mambobi masu ruwa. Bayyanawa ko yin amfani da motsi yana haifar da ciwon jiki daga cikin jiki cikin jiki. Yi haɗari da murya, ta hanyar esophagus. An fitar da tsutsa daga matsurar, an gabatar da shi a cikin mucosa (hanji, ciki), tana tsiro a cikin nau'in haɗi, kuma a ranar 3rd-4 na haifar da sabuwar zuriya.
Maganar kamuwa da mutane tare da trichinosis iya zama nama marar kyau, wanda ya ƙunshi tsutsotsi masu tsutsa:
- Alade (ciki har da man alade da na boar);
- hatimi;
- nama na nutria da sauran dabbobi;
- doggie.
Trichinosis - bayyanar cututtuka
Lokacin da kwayar trichinella ta kasance cikin jiki, bayyanar cututtuka a cikin mutum ba ta bayyana ba. Suna jin kamar girma, ci gaba da tsutsa da motsi cikin jiki. Adult mutane aboki a cikin ƙananan hanji, samar da sabon rabo daga larvae. Bayan mako guda da rabi bayan kamuwa da cuta, helminths fara fara hanyarsu ta hanyar jini. Yadawa a cikin jiki, sun zama magunguna daban-daban. Girma da tsanani na bayyanar cututtuka sun dogara da adadin kwayoyi da yawa cikin jiki kuma yadda tsarin tsarin rigakafi yake da ƙarfi.
Trichinella - sake zagaye na rayuwa
Tsarin zagaye na ci gaba na trichinella ya wuce gaba daya cikin kwayar halitta ba tare da fita waje ba. Mutum shi ne lokaci guda kuma matsakaici na ƙarshe. A matsayinka na mulkin, yana a ƙarshen sarkar abinci, yayin da ake amfani da nama mai nama na abinci. Alamar cutar ta dogara ne akan aikin ci gaba na trichinella, alamun bayyanar sun kasu kashi:
- Matsayin shigar azzakari cikin farji (mamayewa). An bayyana cututtukan cututtuka a cikin ɓarna. Diarrhea ya canza tare da maƙarƙashiya, rage yawan ci, tashin zuciya, zafi a cikin ciki. Zai yiwu yiwuwar zazzabi da fata.
- Matsayin hijirarsa. Harkokin motsi suna motsawa cikin kyallen takarda da tasoshin. Ya bayyana rubutu a kusa da eyelids, da hankali ga hasken, ƙuƙwalwar ido zai zama ƙumi. Maganar ta rushe, mutum yana jin rashin lafiya. Saboda aikin tsarin numfashi yana da tari. Jiki jiki ya tashi.
- A mataki na karshe, larvae sun zauna a cikin tsokoki, suna samar da matashi a kusa da su. Kwayoyin cututtuka sun ragu, kuma tsohuwar yanayin yayi kama da kumburi a kusa da idanu. Yin gwagwarmayar jini a wannan lokacin zai nuna cewa an ƙara yawan abubuwan eosinophils.
Magunguna bayyanar cututtuka - murfin fatar ido da kyamara, zazzabi, myalgia - sune rashin lafiyar antigens helminth. Ba za a iya gano su ba a cikin kwanaki na farko ko ko da makonni na kamuwa da cuta, amma za su rayu har shekaru da yawa, a cikin jikin mutum. Bayan da aka cire larvae da kuma cire su daga gabobin, yana da matsala don tsayar da kwayoyin cuta. Mahimmanci, mai haƙuri yana jin zafi na tsoka, gajiya.
Trichinella - kwayoyin da aka shafi
Tsutsotsi na Trichinella a cikin mutane zai iya rinjayar duk gabobin da tsarin. Larvae da aka ajiye a cikin mahalarta ba su zama wuri daya ba, amma motsawa. Sun buga shafin a bayan shafin yanar gizon, suna haifar da kumburi. Hoto na asibiti na cutar tana nuna kanta dangane da abin da kwayar ta kai ga trichinosis, alamun da ke cikin mutane zai nuna wannan. Zai yiwu gajeren numfashi idan tsutsotsi shiga cikin huhu, zafi a cikin ciki - idan a cikin hanji. Har ila yau daga parasites fama:
- zuciya (murfin muscular na bango);
- intercostal, tsummoki, deltoid, ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi;
- hanta;
- tsarin na tsakiya;
- kwakwalwa.
Trichinosis - rikitarwa
Wani mummunan yanayin cutar zai iya haifar da rikitarwa, har zuwa wani mummunan sakamako (10-35%), lokacin da halayen immunopathological ke ci gaba, ciwon huhu, myocarditis , meningoencephalitis tasowa. A wasu lokuta, ƙwarewar yana da kyau, ko da yake trichinosis a cikin mutane yana ba da illa ga lalacewa, yana amfani da hanyoyi na iska, na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Daga cikin matsaloli masu wuya, irin wannan cututtuka kamar:
- hepatitis;
- thrombophlebitis;
- OCH;
- glomerulonephritis ;
- vasculitis (na tsari).
Trichinosis - Sanin asali
Hoto na asibiti daban-daban, kamance da sauran pathologies (guba, nephritis, laryngitis, da dai sauransu) ya haɗu da ganewar asali. Domin tabbatar da trichinosis, alamar da mutum ya kamata ya nuna kansa. Alamun manyan sune zazzabi, zafi mai tsoka, kumburi, wanda ya wuce makonni 4 zuwa wasu watanni. Suspicion na gaban a cikin jikin wani biochelmintic Trichinella karkace ne a hankali tattara tarihin. Alal misali, idan mai haƙuri ya ruwaito cewa kwanan nan ya ci naman dabba. Sauran hanyoyin bincike:
- gwajin jini na gaba ;
- gwajin rashin lafiyar;
- halayen hazo;
- binciko ƙwayoyin tsokoki.
Trichinosis bincike
Za a iya gano Trichinella a cikin jini bayan gwajin biopsy da gwaje-gwaje. Ana iya yin wannan a matakan farko, kodayake babu wata samfuri na musamman don gano ɓangaren ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji. Tuni a rana ta uku na cutar, akwai karuwa a cikin jini na eosinophils - hypereosinophilia. A hade tare da zazzaɓi, yana da kyau ga cutar. Bayan makonni 3, za'a iya yin bincike akan ganowar Trichinella antigen. Idan an gane alamar, yana da muhimmanci a gargadi magungunan cutar. Yana da shawara don gudanar da nazarin nama don trichinosis (wanda aka yi amfani dashi don abinci).
Jiyya na trichinosis a cikin mutane
Idan aka tabbatar da ganewar asali na trichinosis, ya kamata a fara fara magani. Don cire tsutsotsi girma daga tsarin narkewa ba wuya - domin ana amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da maganin antihelminthic. Amma larvae a cikin capsules da wuya a kai ga kowane kayan warkewa. Lokacin da trichinella ya shiga cikin jiki, magani ya hada da kwayoyi don taimako na alamar alama:
- anti-mai kumburi;
- antipyretic;
- don kare hanta da sauran gabobin.
Tare da tsokar da tsokar da tsoka, marasa lafiya suna tsagaitawa, kuma don sake dawo da su zuwa al'ada, suna yin zubar da zane da kuma ilimin likita.
Mahimmancin maganin ya shafi shan:
- analgesics don kawar da ciwon tsoka;
- sannu-sannu , ƙetare maye;
- antihistamines;
- laxative a farkon zamani;
- anthelmintic shirye-shirye na na hanji m siffofin ( Nemozol , Mintezol);
- bitamin.
Prophylaxis na trichinosis
Don hana cututtukan cututtuka, mutum ya kula da abincinsa da kuma ciyar da dabbobi. Kada ka ƙyale aladu, karnuka da cats su ci nama daga kwayoyin cutar. Abincin da ba a kula da shi ba da shawarar da za a cire shi daga cin abinci gaba ɗaya, da kuma naman, cin abinci a kan teburin, ya zama cikakken magani. Sakamakon kwayoyin cutar sun mutu a zafin jiki a sama da digiri 70 kuma daskare (samfurin -17 tare da tsayawa a cikin sanyi - makonni 3).
Yadda za'a gwada nama don trichinosis
A wani lokaci, wani gawa da ke dauke da parasites ba ya bambanta da al'ada, idan yayi la'akari da cewa yawancin larvae ne na 200 da 1 g. An gwada gwaji don trichinosis a cikin dakin gwaje-gwajen ta yin amfani da microscope. Naman da aka sarrafa yana alama tare da lalata. Ana kuma aiwatar da rigakafi na yau da kullum a kan babban sikelin: Rospotrebnadzor yana kula da matsayin samfurori a wurare na tallace-tallace na kasuwanci (kasuwanni, shaguna). Amma ba shi yiwuwa a gano irin ingancin naman ko dabbobin da aka saki.
Trichinosis - nama disinfection
Ba za ka iya cire larvae da suke shiga cikin kyallen takarda da tsokoki ba. Tana gano trichinosis a nama zai sa gawar ta ƙone gaba ɗaya - ba al'ada ba ne don hadarin lafiyar mutane. A cikin masana'antu, samfurin da aka gurbata bazai iya sake sarrafa shi ba kuma bai shiga stew ba. A matsayin ma'auni m - idan babu tabbaci ga cin nama - ya kamata a dafa shi ko kuma soyayye na dogon lokaci, a yanka a kananan ƙananan.
Komai yaduwar cututtukan kwayoyin cutar shine, bayyanar cututtuka na mutum nan da nan ko kuma daga baya zai nuna ga cigaban cutar. Ba za ka iya watsi da alamun bayyanar da ke nuna ba. Yana da muhimmanci mu lura da naman da ake cinyewa, musamman idan mallakar dabbaccen dabba ko saya a cikin kasuwannin da aka kafa (wanda shine, ba shi da wata damuwa da ke tabbatar da rashin ciwon daji).