Cikakken barkono yana tsiro a gida - asiri na tsirrai iri da kuma shirye-shiryen iri

Yawancin kayan lambu na yara a cikin gida ya kamata su fara a cikin hunturu, don haka lokacin da saukowa ya kara karfi kuma yana kai shekarun 80 zuwa 100. A cikin ɗakin da za a gudanar da wannan aikin ba sauki ba ne, amma yana da haɓaka idan a lokacin da sosai don nazarin duk bayanan kula da wannan kudancin shuka.

Growing barkono seedlings

Ana ƙone ƙanshin barkono da nau'in barkono da tsawon tsire-tsire, don haka yana da matukar wuya a samu amfanin gona mai kyau a cikin tsaka-tsaka mai tsaka-tsaki a madaidaiciya. Gudanar da aiki na nuance cewa seedlings na wannan al'ada ba kaɗan ba ne kuma sunyi haƙuri da yanayin a windowsill. Idan za a magance matsalar yadda za a shuka shuka mai kyau a cikin gida, su zo da kyau, yadda za su shirya tsaba da ƙasa, don samar da ƙwayoyin cuta tare da kariya mai kyau, koda a cikin ɗaki mai kyau, za ku iya samun sakamako mai kyau.

Abin da za a yi la'akari da lokacin zabar nau'in barkono:

1. Hybrids yafi iri iri, amma suna da yawan amfanin ƙasa da ƙasa da marasa lafiya.
2. Growing barkono seedlings a gida daga nasu tsaba, girbe daga hybrids, ba da shawarar. Alamar iyaye a wannan yanayin ba sau da yawa ana daukar kwayar cutar, wanda ke rinjayar yawan amfanin ƙasa.
3. Zai zama mai kyau don shuka iri iri dabam dabam don samun 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi a duk tsawon lokacin zafi.
4. Ya kamata a tuna cewa a cikin yanayi mai sanyi (Siberia, Urals) iri iri iri suna girma kawai a gaban wani greenhouse.
5. A balaga na farkon barkono ne kwanaki 80-100, domin matsakaici iri - har zuwa kwanaki 130, marigayi iri - 135-140 days kuma mafi.
6. Halin tayin ne mai siffar zobe, mai kwakwalwa, cuboidal, m.
7. Girman 'ya'yan itace daga 5 cm ("Kolobok") zuwa 25 cm ("Sweet Banana") da kuma ƙarin.
8. Launi na 'ya'yan itace.
9. Yanayin bunkasa - akwai maki na musamman don gine-gine da lambun lambu.
10. Tsawancin tsire-tsire daga 30 cm zuwa 170 cm.

Shiri na barkono tsaba don dasa shuki a kan seedlings

Kyawawan namo na barkono barkatai a gida suna samuwa ne kawai tare da kasancewar inganci da yadda aka shirya tsaba. Ya kamata ya kamata 'ya'yan itace su zama sabo. Cikakken al'ada yana da tsaba tare da shekaru 1-2, bayan shekaru 3 germination iya fada da 50%. Idan akwai tsohuwar kayan aiki, ana gudanar da dubawa a gaba, lokaci na lokacin da zafin barkono zai iya bambanta daga kwanaki 5 zuwa kwanaki 30 da fiye a ƙarƙashin wannan yanayi.

Jiyya na barkono barkatai kafin dasa shuki a kan seedlings yana dauke da cututtuka a 2% bayani na manganese na minti 20 ko hydrogen peroxide 10%, sa'an nan kuma kurkura su da ruwa. Wasu magoya baya suna yin tatsuwa a cikin ruwa tare da compressor a kan, wanda saturates ruwa tare da oxygen. Bisa ga masana, wannan hanya tana ƙaruwa da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin gida da kuma kara hankalin germination. Tsawon wannan aiki shine har zuwa awa 5. Dole ne a tuna da cewa kayan dasawa a cikin nau'i-nau'i ko capsules ba za a iya sowa ba.

Yaya daidai ya sa tsaba na barkono a kan sprouts?

A cikin tambaya, a lokacin da za a kwantar da tsaba da barkono don seedlings, masoya suna jagorancin halaye iri iri na tsire-tsire. Yana da kyawawa don samar da wannan tsari daga tsakiyar Fabrairu zuwa Maris 5, sabõda haka, a lokacin da aka tsire tsire-tsire don buɗe ƙasa, zasu sami seedlings tare da furen fure guda. Amfani da masu bunkasa ci gaba , koyaushe bi umarnin da ke bayyana ƙaddamarwar bayani da tsawon lokacin tsinkayar iri.

Yadda za a jiƙaɗa barkono a yayin da yake girma a gida:

1. Sanya a cikin mai daɗaɗɗa " Epin " ko " Zircon ", a matsayin madadin, zaka iya daukar potassium, "Albit", "Ideal" ko wani magani.
2. Daga baya, an sanya inoculum a gashin gashi ko gashi na auduga na kwana 2, tare da rufe su a polyethylene.
3. Kullum a rufe shi da ruwa da aka haramta, saboda haɓakar oxygen bunkasa ya zama dole.
4. Yanayi mafi kyau ga germination da barkono suna da zafin jiki na kimanin 22-24 ° C.

Yadda za a shuka mai dadi da barkono a kan seedlings?

Ɗaukar wuce gona da iri na ƙarfafa ci gaba da tsire-tsire har zuwa makonni biyu, ka'idodi don dasa shuki barkono a kan bishiyoyi sun hada da iri a cikin Allunan ko kwasfa na kowa, sannan ta hanyar canzawa zuwa kofuna waɗanda suka fito da zane-zane 2. Mafi girma daga cikin tukunyar yana da lita 1 ko 2 lita, amma wannan yana yiwuwa a cikin wani fili mai zurfi ko aiki tare da ƙananan seedlings. Lokacin da girma barkono seedlings a gida, dole ne ka ƙaddamar da kofuna waɗanda zuwa 100 ml - 200 ml ko ganga tsawo na 15 cm.

A lokacin da shuka barkono a kan seedlings?

Da yake tsammanin kwanakin da ake sa ran dasa shuki na barkono don seedlings, muna la'akari da siffofin bambancin al'ada da sauyin yanayi a yankinmu. An shuka tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire don kwanaki 60-65 kafin dasa shuki, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ana shuka su ne don kwanaki 70. Kullin barkono mai dadi yana buƙatar mafi yawan lokaci don ci gaba, saboda haka waɗannan iri da kuma hybrids an shuka su ne kwanaki 75-80 kafin a saukowa a gonar. Tsarin taƙaitacce a cikin ɗakin dakunan yanayi mafi yawancin yankuna - daga 20 ga Fabrairu zuwa tsakiyar watan Maris.

Ground don barkono seedlings

Kasar gona mai kyawawa ne don shirya sako-sako, amma na gina jiki, don haka yana riƙe da danshi da kyau. A cikin ɗakuna na musamman, ana sayar da kayan da aka yi da shirye-shiryen, inda aka bada shawara don ƙara yashi a cikin rabo daga 1: 6 don yin abun da ke ciki. Noma na ingancin barkono seedlings a gida za a iya yi a cikin ƙasa mai kyau, an shirya daga kayan da aka samo.

Shiri na gida ƙasar don seedling barkono:

1. Dole ne a dauki kashi 2 na takin mai laushi.
2. Mun ƙara sassa 2 na peat zuwa ganga.
3. Don yin hasken abun ciki, ƙara 1 ɓangaren tsabta mai tsabta yashi.
4. Mun haxa ƙasa.
5. Saki da maɓalli da sieve.
6. Sa'an nan kuma za ku iya ƙona abun da ke ciki a cikin tanda ko steamed a cikin wani tukunyar jirgi na biyu don disinfect shi daga pathogens da rabu da mu da tsaba na weeds.

Yaya zurfi ya kamata in sa barkono a kan seedlings?

Idan an zaɓi akwati don aiki, to ƙasa ƙasa ta barci a gida a 2 cm a ƙasa da gefen gefen. An bazu da shuka bayan 2 cm, don haka sprouts ba su kasance inuwa ba. Zurfin dasa shuki barkono a kan seedlings shine har zuwa 1.5 cm, bayan haka ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙasa ta hannun hannu. Na gaba, sanya akwati a wuri mai dumi, rike da zafin jiki na kimanin 25-30 ° C. Muna saka idanu da yanayin zafi da kuma samar da launi na yau da kullum, ba tare da bari ya bushe ba.

Gasa barkono a cikin kwayoyi na peat don seedlings

An dasa shuki na pepper kamar haka:

1. Don aikin, kana buƙatar saya yawan adadin Allunan tare da diamita 4 cm Ya kamata a sanya su a cikin akwati kuma a zuba su da ruwan zãfi, suna jiran cikakken kumburi.
2. Mun zubo tsire-tsire mai yalwa, sanya ramuka a saman allunan zuwa zurfin 1.5 cm kuma sa shimfiɗa tsaba.
3. Yanzu yayyafa kayan gona tare da ƙasa, rufe murfin tare da fim kuma sanya shi a wuri mai dumi.
4. Pepper sprouts a cikin peat allunan germinate mafi alhẽri a zafin jiki na 25 ° C. Bayan bayyanar sabbin furanni, dole ne a saka akwati a nan da nan a cikin dumi da haske, kuma an cire polyethylene.
5. Bayan 3-4 seedlings ya bayyana a kan seedlings, da kuma rootlets fara fitowa daga ƙasa, suna canjawa wuri don raba kofuna waɗanda cika da na gina jiki substrate. Lokacin da tsirewar tsire-tsire ba a cire su ba daga kwaya, amma net a kan shi yana da mahimmanci don cire, don haka ba zai dame shi da ci gaba ba.

Girma barkono seedlings a cikin cochlea

A kananan ɗakuna ba'a yiwu a samu wuri mai dacewa don shigarwa da kwalaye da yawa kofuna ba tare da seedlings. Don samun damar sararin samaniya, masu son kirkira sababbin hanyoyi na dasa shuki tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire, sau da yawa samun sakamako mai kyau. Cikin girma da ke tsiro a gida a cikin maciji shine sabon hanya, amma yana da sauƙin aiwatarwa kuma da sauri samun shahararren.

Yadda za a shuka barkono a kan seedlings a cikin wani katantanwa:

1. Don aikin aikin wajibi ne a shirya wani karamin gilashin filastik da ake buƙatar, wani ɓangare na laminate tare da nisa daga takarda takarda da kuma har zuwa mita 1.5, nau'i na roba, mai fakitin polyethylene, da aka shirya tsaba da ƙasa.
2. Mun sa fitar da tef daga matin a kan teburin.
3. Top tare da wani bakin ciki na Layer ƙasa moistened kuma rammed.
4. Barin gefen tef zuwa 2 cm, sa tsaba da aka girbe tare da wani lokaci na 1-2 cm, danne su da ɗauka da yatsunsu zuwa ƙasa.
5. A cikin aikin aiki muna fara juya wajan baya, yana motsawa gaba tare da tef.
6. Yin motsi da "jujjuya" na diamita mai dacewa, muna ƙarfafa ta tare da rukuni mai laushi don gyara siffar.
7. Mun sanya cochlea a kan butt tare da tsaba har zuwa sama da kuma rufe murfin tare da ƙasa, ƙaddamar da saman Layer.
8. Muna canja ƙwaƙwalwa zuwa filayen filastik.
9. Yarda da ƙasa daga fure.
10. Mun rufe maciji tare da kunshin, samar da karamin greenhouse, da ƙarfafa rubutun tare da rukuni na roba.
11. Tare da wadannan watering, mu zuba ruwa ba a kan ƙasa, amma a cikin kwanon rufi.
12. Mun sanya katantanwa cikin zafi.
13. Lokacin da harbe ya bayyana, an cire kunshin.

Nawa barkono nawa ne?

Lokacin da girma a kan windowsill barkono, sprouts sau da yawa ya bayyana ba daidai ba a gida. Wannan matsalar sau da yawa yakan faru ne lokacin aiki tare da kayan dasa shuki. Amsar tambaya ga tsawon lokacin da barkono ke tsiro akan seedlings ya dogara da ingancin soaking da sprouting. Bazawa a cikin stimulator da tsaba ba germinated iya sprout har zuwa 20-30 days. Idan kana so ka ci gaba da aiwatar da kuma samun seedlings don kwanaki 7-15, wanda yake da mahimmanci a cikin ƙarshen lokacin shuka, ba za ka iya watsi da soaking.

Yadda za a magance barkono seedlings?

Babban kulawa da tsire-tsire na barkono yana cikin watering da kuma rike da yawan zafin jiki mai girma na 26-28 ° C. A 30-35 ° C shuke-shuke suna miƙa sauri, da hadarin na kwangila cututtuka na ƙãra. Mu cire fim din nan da nan bayan da muka harbe harbe. Haske artificial na barkono a cikin watanni na hunturu shine dole, rana mai haske don bunkasa wannan al'ada - awa 12-14. A cikin hadari, yanayin da aka yi ya nuna fuskar fuska taimaka wajen inganta halin da ake ciki.

Watering barkono seedlings

Duk sababbin masu damuwa sun damu game da matsala na sau da yawa don shayar da bishiyar barkono. Gubar da ɓawon burodi mai ƙura a kan ƙasa bai zama mai cutarwa fiye da gabatar da ruwa mai yawa ba. Caviar ko gilashin ruwa ya kamata a yi a kai a kai, amma ba tare da nauyi ƙasa ba. Ruwan kirki a lokacin cin namo yana haifar da " baki " da sauran matsaloli. Rage haɗarin cututtuka ta amfani da samfurin da abun ciki mai haske da tsari na ramukan tsawa a cikin kwantena.

Yadda za a tara barkono a kan seedlings?

Idan barkono yake girma a cikin babban haɗin gwiwa, to, yana buƙatar pike. Ana aiwatar da wannan tsari a cikin lokaci na 2 ganyen, pre-moistening kasar gona. Canja wurin seedlings don raba beakers a cikin wani girma na 150-200 ml. Babban abu a cikin al'amarin shine yadda za a tattara barkono seedlings a gida - kada ku lalata ƙarancin asali da kuma ɗaukar tsire-tsire a hankali tare da karamin clod na ƙasa. Ƙunƙashin wuyansa an binne shi 0.5 cm Bayan an ɗauka, ana shayar da tukwane da kuma sanya a cikin inuwa don 'yan kwanaki na farko, bayan haka an mayar da su zuwa sill window.

Yadda za a ciyar da barkono seedlings?

Lokacin da girma a gida na watanni biyu, sannu-sannu kasar gona ta ƙare, wadda take haifar da ci gaba da girma. Makonni biyu bayan daukana, zaka iya tsar da rabin teaspoon na urea da 2.5 ml na sodium humate a cikin lita 1 na ruwa. Sake-hade yana faruwa kwanaki 10 bayan bayyanar 5th leaf. An yi tare da urea (0.5 tsp / 1 lita na ruwa) tare da potassium monophosphate (1 tsp / 1 lita na ruwa). Abincin da aka yi da takin mai magani don samin kayan abinci na paddy yanzu ana saya a cikin shaguna. Mafi kyau, Aquadon Micro, Orton Micro-Fe ko wasu shirye-shirye masu kama da juna sun dace.