- Adireshin: Ülikooli 18 50090 Tartu, Estonia;
- Mai kafa: Hermann Buksgewden;
- Lokacin aiki: cf. - Rana. daga 11:00 zuwa 17:00;
- Waya: +372 737 5674;
- Yanar Gizo: muuseum.ut.ee.
Sakamakon fadar Dome Cathedral, wanda ke cikin birnin Estonia da ke birnin Tartu , wanda shine mafi girma a tarihin gine-ginen, yana da ban mamaki da bakin ciki. Ginin da aka gina a Tsakiyar Tsakiya ba a amfani dashi ba saboda manufar da aka nufa. Ayyuka na dawowa ya shafi wani ɓangaren ƙananan wuri mai girma. Yanzu a wannan bangare gidan kayan gargajiya ne na Jami'ar Tartu.
Tarihin abin da ya faru
An gina Gidan Cathedral na Dome na Bitrus da Bulus a wani wuri mai mahimmanci - dutsen dake kusa da Kogin Emajõgi. Tuni tun zamanin dā akwai ƙarfafa arnawan Eston, amma a cikin 1224 da magunguna na Livon suka hallaka tsarin asali. Don kafa kansa a kan ƙasar da aka ci nasara, da macijin sun fara gina sansanin soja, wanda zai kasance zama wurin bishop, Castrum Tarbatae.
Duk abin da ya rage daga cikin wannan gine-gine shine ragowar ganuwar, wanda masana kimiyyar arbain sun samo asali ne sakamakon sakamako. Kashi na biyu na karni na 13 aka alama ta farkon gina ginin Gothic a kan rabin rabin tudu. Kusa da shi akwai wani hurumi da kuma gine-gine. An kaddamar da majami'ar don girmama tsarkakan Bitrus da Bulus, tsoffin masanan birnin.
Ginin ya zama babban ɗakunan addini a kasashen Turai ta Gabas, da kuma tsakiyar asibitin Dorpatian. Da farko, an gina Dhed Cathedral (Tartu) a matsayin basilica, amma a tsawon lokaci, babban ɗakin ya haɗa da ƙungiyoyi, kuma tsarin ya zama kamar zauren cocin.
Hakanan na farko sun bayyana a cikin 1299, kuma bayan ƙarni biyu an yi babban katangar da babban katako, ginshiƙan da arches. Dukansu an yi su ne a cikin irin salon Gothic. A ƙarshe dai, manyan duwatsu masu yawa sun bayyana, kowace 66 m high, kowannensu a gefen yammacin facade. An kammala aikin ginin a ƙarshen karni na 16, lokacin da aka gina ganuwar, ta rabu da gidan bishop daga sauran birnin.
Yaya babban coci ya fada cikin lalata
Rushewar ginin ya fara ne saboda sabuntawa, a lokacin da 'yan Furotesta suka kai hari kan fadar. Bayan da aka tura bishop na Katolika na karshe zuwa rukunin Rasha, katolika ba ta aiki ba, an hallaka ta, kamar birnin duka, a lokacin littafin Livonian.
An yi ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin sake gina tsarin da Katolika suka yi, yayin da ƙasar ta kasance karkashin mulkin Poland, amma wannan yaki ya hana shi da Sweden. Bayan wuta, wanda ya faru a shekara ta 1624, an gina gine-ginen. Gidan cocin ya zama ruguwa lokacin da ƙasar ta shiga Sweden a shekarar 1629.
Hukumomi na gida suna amfani da kabari ne kawai har zuwa karni na XVIII, kuma sauran gine-ginen da suka rage sun zama barn. Bugu da kari, an yi tsawo da tsawo a cikin hasumiya zuwa 22 m, har zuwa saman abin da aka sanya bindigogi, kuma babbar hanyar ta kasance ba ta da kyau. Duk wannan ya faru a cikin shekarun 1760.
Bayan bude Jami'ar Dorpat a kan gine-gine na babban cocin, an gina ɗakunan littattafai guda uku, wanda ɗaliban na Krause ya tsara. Har ila yau, yana da ra'ayin juya daya daga cikin hasumiya a cikin wani kariya. Duk da haka, wannan ba a ƙaddara ya faru ba, saboda haka an gina ginin daga tarkon.
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ɗakin ɗakin karatu ya karu da yawa, kuma an gina gine-gine ta tsakiya. Nan da nan an gina gine-ginen a gidan kayan gargajiya na jami'a, wanda ke dubban dubban abubuwa na musamman.
Don yawon bude ido a kan bayanin kula
Dutsen da Dattijan Cathedral ke da shi ya zama wani wurin shakatawa inda masu yawon shakatawa zasu iya samun abincin da ke cikin gine-ginen jama'a, kuma suna tafiya tare da halayen kuma suna sha'awar wuraren tunawa ga wasu mutane sanannun. Daga cikin babban cocin akwai filin jirgin ruwa, inda duk masu tafiya suka tashi.
Don yin wannan, ya isa sayan tikitin ƙofar da kuma rinjayar tsakar, wanda, ba kamar sauran wurare ba, yana da dacewa. A kan hanyar hawan hawa sama suna da kyakkyawan ra'ayi na kotu na ciki na Ikilisiya, kuma suna iya bincika cikin cikin coci. Taimaka don yin tunani game da Cathedral of Dome, wanda za'a iya gani kafin ziyararsa.
Da yake a Tartu , duk masu yawon bude ido suna neman inda Dattijan Cathedral yake. An located a saman tudun Toomemyagi a cikin tarihin tarihin Tartu, a kan hanyar Lossi Tanav, 25. Amma dole ne mu tuna cewa don ziyarci babban coci yana bude ne kawai a lokacin rani. Hasumiya za ta iya hawa idan ka zo cikin lokaci daga Afrilu zuwa Nuwamba.
Akwai labaran da aka haɗa da Dome Cathedral. Daya daga cikin su ya ce game da fatalwar wani yarinya wanda ke kewaye da ganuwar haikalin. A Sabuwar Sabuwar Shekara tana tawaya a coci kuma yana neman wani wanda zaka iya shigo da maballin makullin da yake ɗaukar ta tare da ita. Bugu da ƙari, an yi imani da cewa fatalwa na iya fada game da wurin da tasirin yake a wata rana. Duk da haka, wanene rana, babu wanda ya san.
Yadda za a samu can?
Kuna iya zuwa masallacin Dome Cathedral, ya kamata ku tashi a daya daga cikin mafi kusa mafi kusa: "Raeplats", "Lai" da "Natuit".