Cinwawar jini yana da mahimmanci na iyawar kwayar cutar don dakatar da zub da jini a yayin da ganuwar jini ya lalace, kuma jinin jini ya narke lokacin da ba'a bukatar su. Ma'anar jini mai haɗa kai yana da alaka da tsarin tsarin homeostasis, wanda aikin shine don adana jini. Homeostasis yana da nau'i biyu:
- Na farko - kwasfa-fuka-fitila. Tare da shi, plalets suna haɗuwa tare da samar da abin da ake kira "blanket thrombus", inda plalets ke ci gaba.
- Secondary - coagulation (shi ma - coagulation na jini). Tare da shi, an kirkiro wani wuri mai lalacewar yankin da aka lalata tare da kututturen fibrin, wadda ake kira "jini jini". Wannan sunan ya ba shi saboda jigidar fibrin ta ƙunshi erythrocytes.
Ta haka ne, tsarin tafiyar da jini yana da wuya kuma tasirinsa a cikin jiki yana da matukar muhimmanci. Duk wani ilimin cututtuka da ke haɗuwa da jini yana iya nuna cutar da kuma kaiwa gare shi. Ya kamata a kuma fahimta cewa matakin karshe na homeostasis shine fibrinolysis, wanda yasa jini ya ragargaje lokacin da jirgin ya sake dawowa da kuma buƙatar ƙwanƙolin ƙuƙwalwa ya ɓace.
Masu nuna alama don nazarin kwayar cutar jini
An kuma gwada gwajin gwajin jini a matsayin coaguloramma. Don ɗaukar gwajin jini don gudanarwa, kana buƙatar sanin ƙayyadadden wannan. A cikin wasu cututtuka, zubar da jini zai iya zama rashin lafiya, kuma gabaninsu shine dalilin tabbatar da ikon yin kisa:
- cututtuka na autoimmune;
- hanta aiki mai haɗari;
- cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini;
- varicose veins;
- ciwon sukari mellitus ;
- hemochromatosis .
Har ila yau, bincike na coagulation yana da muhimmanci ga wasu yanayi:
- ciki;
- jinkirtawa ko lokacin yin aiki;
- kulawa a cikin maganin anticoagulants;
- Idan dakatar da hadarin jini ya zama wajibi, dole ne a duba takaddama ga clotting.
Fassarar gwajin jini don yin katsewa
Kafin yin magana game da yanayin jini na yin musayar bincike, ya kamata a bayyana cewa a cikin kowane dakin gwaje-gwaje wadannan alamun na iya dan bambanta, sabili da haka kalmar ƙarshe ita ce likitan likitanci. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa kalaman coagulogram bambanta a lokacin daukar ciki, dangane da trimester.
Saboda haka, jimlar gwaje-gwajen jini don clotting ta ƙunshi sharuɗɗa 8, wanda ya ba da kimanta jini na jini:
- Jirgin jini na gwagwarmayar lokaci. Halin na clotting lokaci shine minti 5-10 (ga jini mai cin jini, da kuma capillary - minti 2). An karuwa a cikin sigogi yana nuna low coagulability, da kuma rage a cikin excess clotting.
- APTTV wani lokaci ne mai ɓoye na thromboplastin. Yawanci daga 24 zuwa 35 seconds. Ƙarawa a lokaci yana nuna ƙwarewar ƙwararruwar matalauta, da ragewa a lokaci don hypercoagulability.
- Bayanin prothrombin shine lokaci na prothrombin, wanda aka karanta don kimanta hanya ta rarraba ta waje. Sakamakon yana daga 80 zuwa 120%. Rage a cikin mai nuna alama yana nuna hypercoagulable, da kuma karuwa a rage aiki na coagulation jini.
- Fibrinogen ne mai gina jiki a cikin plasma. Yawanci mai nuna alama daga 5.9 zuwa 11.7 μmol / l. Zai iya ƙara tare da kumburi, ciki, konewa da kuma zuciya. Zane zane na iya magana game da ciwo na DIC ko cututtukan hanta.
- Lokacin Thrombin shine kimantawa na karshe na coagulation. Yawanci, wannan adadi daga 11 zuwa 17.8 seconds. Tare da rashi na fibrinogen, hyperbilirubinemia, ko magani tare da heparin, za'a iya samun karuwa, da kuma ragu a lokaci - tare da yawancin fibrinogen cikin jini, ko kuma tare da ciwo na ICE.
- Lokaci na gyaran plasma al'ada - daga 60 zuwa 120 seconds.
- Samun haƙuri ga ƙwayar cuta zuwa heparin. A halin yanzu, wannan gwajin ba a koyaushe ana amfani dasu ba. Yawanci yana daga 3 zuwa 11 minutes.
- Sakamakon cire jini. Kullum al'ada daga 44 zuwa 65%.
Ta yaya ake gudanar da gwajin jini?
Ana gwada gwajin gwajin jini tare da wani in vitro, amma, alal misali, a cikin kima na coagulation na jini duka - thromboelastography, kimanin kimanin yanayin da Invivo zai yiwu.
Don yin jarrabawar jinin jini don gudanarwa, 8 hours kafin gwajin bai dace ba cin abinci. Ana ɗaukar jinin don nazari daga kwayar cutar don zubar da jinin jini. Don tantance yiwuwar clotting jini capillary da platelets isa don nazarin jini daga yatsan.