Dalili don ganewar asali daga cututtuka da yawa shine gwajin jini. Yana da alamomi daban-daban: yana da jinin jini na hemoglobin, erythrocytes, platelets da leukocytes, da kuma rabon erythrocyte sedimentation, da kuma leukocyte dabara. Yi amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar bincike, la'akari da dukkanin hanyoyi, ƙwararren likita ne kawai, domin a cikin kansu waɗannan alamun basu da faɗi kaɗan kuma a cikin gwajin jini ne kawai zasu iya ba da cikakkiyar hoto na lafiyar mai lafiya.
Daya daga cikin mahimman alamun shine abun cikin jini na lymphocytes - kwayoyin jini. Wannan nau'i na leukocytes ne ke da alhakin fahimtar jikin kungiyoyin waje a cikin jikin mutum da kuma samuwar wani maganin gaggawa ga wannan ƙarfin zuciya. Wannan yana nufin cewa lymphocytes wani ɓangare ne na tsarin rigakafi: suna yaki da "ma'aikatan" kasashen waje a matakin salula, suna miƙa kansu don kare lafiyar jiki, kuma suna da alhakin samar da kwayoyin cuta. Lymphocytes suna samar da duka daga kasusuwan kasusuwa da kuma ta hanyar lymph nodes.
Yawancin lymphocytes a cikin jinin yaro
A cikin tsofaffi da yara, yawancin lymphocytes na da mahimmanci. Idan manya yawan yawan lymphocytes zuwa nauyin nau'in leukocytes shine kimanin 34-38%, ƙaramin yaron, mafi yawan girman jini: 31% a shekara, 4 shekaru 50%, 6 shekaru - 42% kuma cikin shekaru 10 - 38%.
Banda daga wannan yanayin shine makon farko na rayuwar yaron, lokacin da yawan lymphocytes yake da 22-25%. Sa'an nan, yawanci a ranar 4 bayan haihuwar, yana ƙara ƙaruwa kuma hankali ya fara ragewa tare da shekaru, sosai sannu a hankali. Kamar kowane al'ada, abun ciki na lymphocytes a cikin jini shine lokacin dangi. Zai iya ci gaba a cikin wani jagora ko wani, dangane da cututtuka da cututtuka da ke faruwa a jikin yaron. Yawan lymphocytes yana da alaka da aikin rigakafi: tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da ciwon magunguna, lamarin ya karu da sauri (wanda ake kira lymphocytosis), a wasu lokuta zai iya rage yawan gaske (lymphopenia).
Ƙin yarda ko rashin daidaituwa tare da ka'idojin abun ciki na lymphocyte an ƙaddara ta hanyar nazarin jini tare da samfurin leukocyte ci gaba.
Ƙara yawan matakan lymphocytes a cikin yara
Idan bincike ya nuna karuwar lymphocytes cikin jini a cikin yaron, wannan na iya nuna nau'in cututtuka daban-daban, daga cikinsu mafi yawan su ne wadannan:
- "Ƙananan yara" cututtuka: pertussis, kyanda, kaza poet, mumps;
- karin cututtuka masu tsanani da haɗari: typhus, toxoplasmosis, maganin hepatitis da cutar, tarin fuka;
- lokacin dawo da yaro bayan cutar mai cututtuka;
- cututtuka na tsarin endocrine.
Idan ana iya ganin adadin ƙwayoyin lymphocytes mai zurfi a cikin jinin yaro, wannan hujja tana nuna alamar ci gaba da maganin ƙwayar cuta, wanda yake samuwa a cikin yara. Bugu da kari, saboda lymphocytosis, yawan adadin leukocytes a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa, da magungunan lymphocytes kansu, canzawa, suna kama da monocytes.
Kuma idan an saukar da lymphocytes a cikin yaro?
Lymphopenia sau da yawa yakan faru saboda mummunan abubuwa a cikin samar da kwayoyin lymphocytes (misali, a cikin cututtuka marasa lafiya na tsarin rigakafi). In ba haka ba, rage yawan adadin lymphocytes ne sakamakon cututtuka tare da kumburi. A wannan yanayin, akwai fitowar kwayoyin lymphocytes daga jini zuwa gabobin da ke fama da cututtuka da kuma kyallen takarda. Mafi yawan misalan irin wannan cututtuka shine AIDS, tarin fuka, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa.
Bugu da ƙari, yawan ƙwayar lymphocytes yana da mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya da ke ɗaukar radiation ko chemotherapy, shan magani na corticosteroid tare da ciwo na Ishchenko-Cushing. Ragewar jinin jini mai yiwuwa ne ko da a halin damuwa mai tsanani.