Gwargwadon furanni na dakin shuka yana da nasaba da iyalin rut, da ma'anar citrus. Yan asalinsa shine Indiya, ƙafar Himalayas. A gida a kan windowsill don yayi girma ba wuya kuma mai ban sha'awa. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, daji zai iya haifar da 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itatuwa suna da dadi kamar waɗanda suke girma a ƙarƙashin kudu maso yamma.
Irin lemons
Domesticated citrus janyo hankalin tare da m Emerald ganye da haske rawaya 'ya'yan itatuwa. Lemun tsami - bayanin:
- ana daukar tsire-tsire ba tare da ƙarfafa ba, tsofaffin samfurori na iya isa zuwa tsawo na 1.5 m;
- Daji yana da ƙayayuwa.
- ganye ne fata, elongated, m, dentate, dauke da mai muhimmanci man fetur;
- Sau da yawa a kowace shekara, shuka yayi ƙananan fararen launuka (4-5 cm a diamita) tare da ɗigon stamens da kuma ƙanshi mai ƙanshi wanda yake wanke ɗakin maras ƙanshi;
- toho yana tasowa 5 makonni, furanni kwanaki 50;
- ya fayyace lambun ta cikin gida sau hudu a shekara, dangane da nau'o'in, yawancin ci gaban 'ya'yan itacen shine kwanaki 200-230;
- 'ya'yan itacen suna da launin launi mai haske da kuma tsansar lemun tsami, da nama shine m da m;
- a al'ada na ci gaba da amfanin gona na fructifies duk shekara - a kan daji a lokaci ɗaya zai iya inganta ovaries, buds, furanni da 'ya'yan itace.
Room lemons - iri:
- Genoa, Panderosa sune iri-iri masu ban sha'awa wadanda ke ba da manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa a kai a kai;
- Meyer - wanda ba shi da kyau, wanda ake kira "dwarf" na China, 'ya'yan itace ba kamar yadda sauran nau'in suke ba;
- Pavlovsky - shahararrun iri-iri, yana bada 'ya'yan itatuwa a kowace shekara, tsawo - 1.5 m;
- Kursk, Novogruzinsky - 'ya'yan lemons masu yawa, masu arziki a Citrus, suna buƙatar ƙarin kulawa game da kamun kambi.
Yaduwa mai lemun tsami
Yin girma da lemun tsami mai sauki ne daga dutse. Don sanya wani daji, zai fi kyau a zabi kudancin gabas ko gabas da haske mai kyau. Lemon shi ne houseplant na thermophilic, yawan zafin jiki mai zafi shi ne + 15-22 ° C. Ana dasa shuki zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm tare da nisa na 5 cm a cikin tukunyar karamin ruwa tare da malalewa na yumbuɗa kumbura ko gawayi. Ya ƙunshi amfanin gona a wuri mai haske, zai fara bayan makonni 2. Bayan bayyanar sprouts zaɓi karfi, tare da rufe kwalba. Bayan kamar wata gangar ganye, an saka samfurin a cikin tukunya 10-mintimita.
Ƙasa don cin abinci mai ciki
Ƙasa mai kyau ga launi na ciki ya zama dan kadan acidic ko tsaka tsaki (6-7 pH), yae. Don shiriyar kanka dole ne a yi cakuda manya turf, ƙasa mai laushi, yashi mai laushi, humus a cikin wani rabo (2: 2: 1: 1). Zaka iya amfani da ƙasa don citrus daga shagon, hada shi a daidai sassa tare da peat. Sa'an nan abun da ke ciki zai zama haske da numfashi.
Sake gyara da lemons na cikin gida
Domin cin abinci mai ciki, cuttings suna da kyau hanyar haifuwa. Don harbe a spring kai harbe 10 cm a size tare da 3-4 buds da 2-3 ganye. An haɗu da reshe tare da mai da hankali don bunkasa asalinsu kuma an sanya shi cikin ruwa don kwana 3. Don namo yana dacewa da ƙasa daga humus, yashi mai laushi da ƙwayar ƙasa a daidai hannun jari. Cuttings an binne a cikin 3 cm, moisten kullum ganye, da substrate ya kamata ba da ruwa stagnation. Gyara yana faruwa bayan kwana 30-45, to ana iya dasa stalk a cikin tukunya.
Room Lemon - kulawa gida
Kula da lemun tsinkar daki shine kasuwanci mai matsala. Yana son hasken haske, lura da zazzabi da tsarin mulki. Don ci gaban ganye, yana buƙatar mafi yawan + 17 ° C, a lokacin ci gaban 'ya'yan itace, ana ƙara yawan zazzabi zuwa +22 ° C. Kula da lemun tsinkar daki yana ƙunshi ƙungiyar haske mai kyau. Hasken rana kai tsaye zai fada a kanji 2 hours a rana. Ga bishiyar ba ta ci gaba ba, kowace rana 10 ya kamata a juya shi 10 ° a kusa da axis. A cikin hunturu, tare da ɗan gajeren hasken rana - tsara haske tare da taimakon fitilu.
Pruning na launi na cikin gida
Ana bada shawarar yin amfani da launi na musamman don daji don samar da kyakkyawan kambi. Yadda za'a kula da lemun tsami:
- a farkon shekara ta rayuwa da shuka ya ba da gudun hijira daga 30 cm;
- don kakar na biyu a cikin bazara ya kamata mai yadun ya yanke shi, ya bar tsayi na 20 cm, yayin da itacen zai fara saki kwakwalwan kwari;
- Dole ne a yanke wasu ƙananan rassan, su bar saman uku - za su kasance cikin kwarangwal na al'ada;
- a shekara mai zuwa suna yin haka tare da rassan da ke kusa da ita - an rage su don tayar da ci gaban 'yar harbe, to, an bar wasu' ya'yan itace mafi girma;
- dakin lemun tsami ya dauka a kan kyakkyawan bayyanar da trunks har zuwa 5-6 Branching;
- A nan gaba, isa yaduwa da sauri ko kuma cire su.
Yadda za'a ciyar da lemun tsami?
Citrus a gida yana buƙatar takin gargajiya. Ciyar da itatuwan lokacin da suka isa shekaru 2-3. Masu amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta suna amfani da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci a cikin bazara-rani sau biyu a watan. Daga tsakiyar kaka, ana yin gyaran kowane mako kowane mako. Don awa biyu kafin yin amfani da takin mai magani, abun da ke cikin tukunya yana da muhimmanci ga ruwa da ruwa mai tsabta.
Daga kwayoyin, itatuwan lemun tsami sun fi son cirewa na itace, birin jigon birch (rabi na ganyayyaki da aka zuba tare da ruwa da tsofaffi na kwanaki 2-3) sauye sau 5-6 tare da sabo ne. An samo taki manya don launi na cikin gida tare da wannan mita kamar yadda ake yin ma'adinai. Idan akwai girma girma na kore taro zuwa ga nau'in 'ya'yan itatuwa, nitrogen ya kamata a cire daga feedings da kuma phosphorous bangaren kara da cewa;
Watering wani lemun tsami
Kafin kula da lemun tsami a cikin dakin, yana da muhimmanci muyi nazarin ka'idodin tsabtace shi. Daga watan Mayu zuwa Satumba, citrus na gida yana buƙatar matsakaicin watering kowace rana, a cikin hunturu an rage shi sau ɗaya a mako. An shayar da itace tare da ruwan sanyi ba, an kiyaye ta tsawon sa'o'i biyar. Zuba shi a kan dukan farfajiya na tukunya. Kayan shuka yana so ya yayyafa da ruwa mai dumi, musamman ma a cikin hunturu, idan tsarin wutar lantarki yayi aiki a kusa. Ga Citrus, iska na "rigar" a kusa da kambi ya fi mahimmanci a cikin ƙasa.
Cututtuka na lemons a cikin dakin
Cututtuka daban-daban na lemun tsami a gida zasu iya haifar da kwayoyin halitta da kwari-cututtuka - fungi, ƙwayoyi, kwayoyin cuta, mycoplasmas, parasites. Ya shafa bushes bayyana mummuna lahani - lalata, fretting 'ya'yan itatuwa da foliage, spotting, outgrowths, rot. Cutar cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka suna ɗauke da iska, kwari, saukad da ruwa a lokacin ban ruwa da watering. Sau da yawa yakan shafi itatuwa masu rauni, don haka a lokacin da horar da shi yana da mahimmanci don samar musu da kulawa mai kyau, lokacin da matsala ta taso - don yakar ta.
Me ya sa ganye ta rawaya a dakin lemun tsami?
Sau da yawa, rashin kulawar kulawa yana haifar da wata cuta ta cikin lemun tsire-tsire, ganyayyaki suna juya rawaya. Akwai dalilai da yawa:
- Rashin abinci na gina jiki. Calcium yana da alhakin tushen tsarin, phosphorus na taimakawa wajen samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa mai dadi, nitrogen yana rinjayar launi mai launi na ganye, kuma potassium na inganta yanayin da yake sha. Yin amfani da takin mai magani tare da waɗannan abubuwa zai taimaka wajen hana yellowing na foliage.
- Rashin haske. Limon din yana buƙatar rana 12, idan ya fi guntu - hasken baya zai taimaka tare da fitila mai fitila.
- Rashin hasken haske, hasken rana kai tsaye yana sa ƙonewa a kan ganye. Dole ne a motsa itace a wuri mai shaded.
- Rashin danshi yana haifar da samfurin samfurori na ganye. Dole ne a gudanar da kwararru na yau da kullum tare da taimakon na'urar atomizer. Yana da amfani a kusa da tukunya don ajiye ruwa a cikin ɗakin kwana don fitarwa. A lokacin rani, sau ɗaya a mako, an shawarci shuka don yin wanka a karkashin ruwan sha.
- Canjin yanayi mai sauƙi, zanewa, kusanci da na'urorin haɗama zasu iya haifar da yellowing na foliage. Sa'an nan kuma akwai buƙatar ka kawar da waɗannan abubuwa mara kyau.
Me yasa ganye suka fada a lemon?
Yanayi mara kyau na kiyaye daji yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa ya fara zubar da ganye. Sau da yawa wannan yana faruwa a lokacin hunturu-hunturu. Ƙarar ganye mafi kyau a kan bishiyar, mafi girma shine yayi girma da kuma fructifies, bisa ga lambar su kuma yanke hukuncin yanayin daji. A wasu lokuta, an mayar da injin da kansa, amma yana da mahimmanci don kawar da abin da ya faru. Idan lemun tsinkar dakin ya zubar da ganye, abin da ya kamata a yi:
- idan akwai rashin inganci, tozad da shuka sau da yawa kuma kada ku bari kasar gona ta bushe;
- idan shuka ba ta da haske - amfani da ƙarin fitilu;
- Baya hawan magunguna daga tushen, ruwa daji kawai da ruwa mai dumi;
- idan tukunya ta kusa - daji ya kamata a dasa shi cikin babban akwati (2-4 cm);
- sarrafa cewa a cikin ƙasa babu wani wuce haddi na danshi, jagora zuwa lalata na tushen;
- don duba bishiyar don kwari, idan an samo su, don gudanar da magani.
Cututtuka na cikin lemun tsami na ciki - m ganye
A wasu lokuta, foliage a kan harbe ya zama m - kamar dai an yad da shi tare da syrup, lu'ulu'u na iya ma su zama. Haka kuma cututtukan suna haifar da wani cututtuka, zauna a kan itace. A cikin marasa lafiya a cikin wani ruwa mai yatsa da naman gwanin sooty wanda aka nuna a kan rassan, Trunks kuma ya bar maculae mai duhu, ba tare da magani da ingancin ya rushe ba.
Don kawar da farantin shafawa mai laushi tare da bayani na man fetur (6 ml da lita 1 na ruwa). Bayan kwana 5-7, ana maimaita magani. Maganar ta kawar da takunkumi mai laushi kuma ta kashe yarinyar matashi. Zaka iya amfani da wata hanya ta bi da lemun tsami - kula da ɗakin dakin jiki a cikin nau'i na spraying tare da carbofox ko bayani na taba yana taimaka. Ana gudanar da magani sau 2-3 tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 7.
Gwaje-gwaje na lemun tsami na cikin gida
Citrus 'ya'yan itatuwa za a iya lalace ta hankula karin kwari. Don bunkasa lemun tsami, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda za ku yi yaki:
- Garkuwa. Tare da gabansu, ganye suka fadi, rassan sun bushe, injin ya mutu. Ana wanke kwari tare da goga, an wanke ganye tare da motsi na soapy (2 tbsp na ruwa bayani da 1 l na ruwa), ruwan tafarnuwa (7-8 pounded heads suna zuba a cikin guga na ruwa na 24 hours).
- Gizo-gizo mite. Akwai a kasa da ganye, da hankali yana rufe dukan al'ada. Idan akwai wani zaki ya zama wajibi ne don yada itacen tare da bayani na "Aktelika", maimaita sau 3 tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 10.
- Powdery Mulberry. Yana ciyarwa a kan ganye, yana haifar da ganyayyaki da furen 'ya'yan itace. Dole ne a bincikar shuka sannan a cire shi da hannu ta hanyar larvae.
- Aphids. Ku ci fi na harbe. Ya kamata a shuka shuka a sau uku (kowace rana 10) tare da bayani na "Aktelik". A kusa za ka iya sanya tukunyar geranium. Har ila yau, zai taimaka wajen yayyafa ruwan tafarnuwa.
- Thrips. Suna kama da ƙananan ƙananan baki, suna iya tashi, suna dauke da ƙwayoyin cuta. Don lalacewa, an wanke daji a karkashin ruwan sha, ana bi da shi tare da motsi mai kyama.
- Whitefly. A cikin larvae suna cikin ƙananan ɓangaren ganye. An yi shukar daji tare da kwari a kalla sau 5 kowane kwana uku.