Kayan ado delphinium da yawa sunaye suna da suna bayan wani yarinya wanda ya farfado tare da taimakon mai kyaun fure mai ƙaunatacce. Yanzu inji, wanda yake shafe bakin teku da blue, shine alamar ƙauna kuma yana ƙawata lambuna da gadaje masu fure a duniya.
Delphinium na shekaru masu yawa a cikin zane-zane
Bright delphinium a cikin gonar ana amfani dashi a matsayin soloist a rukuni ko iri guda. Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin wadannan abubuwa masu zuwa:
- da flower delphinium ne jitu shekaru masu yawa a lõkacin da yake kusa da lilies, wardi, clematis, ornamental shrubs - chubushnik, barberry;
- Tsarin al'ada yana da tsawo, saboda haka ana amfani dasu a bango don a rufe wuraren da ba su da kyau a gonar;
- ƙananan furanni (geychery, cuffs, runduna, vareyniki) zasu zama abokan tarayya na delphinium, wanda yake da tsayi, amma kusan ba shi da ganye;
- idan kun shuka mai kyau (sunan kasa na shuka) a bangarorin biyu na titi, za ku sami katanga mai kyau a cikin lambun;
- Delphinium ya dubi mai girma a kan gandun dajin bishiyoyi.
Irin ire-iren delreninial
Gidan lambun delphinium yana da iyalin man shuke-shuken shekaru da yawa. Tsawonsa yana daga 40 cm zuwa 2 m, babban amfani da daji - furanni masu kyau. Suna da daban-daban shades - fari, blue, violet, tattara a high pyramidal cobs. A cikin furanni akwai takalma biyu, da bambanta da sassan ("idanu"), wanda ke jawo hankalin kwari. Akwai nau'o'in briskness da yawa - sauki da kuma terry. Dukansu suna da kwarewar mutum, bambanta a cikin tsawo na mai tushe da launuka na petals. Ana rarraba tsire-tsire zuwa ƙungiyoyi a wurin asalin.
Delphinium shekaru - rare iri:
- Ƙungiyar New Zealand. Yawancin girma - girma har zuwa 2.3 m, babba mai tsayi da tsire-tsire (8-10 cm a diamita), wasu nau'in sunadaran fatalwa. Fure-tsire suna da sanyi, resistant zuwa cututtuka, yanzu suna da mashahuri.
- The Scottish. An bambanta su ta hanyar ƙananan ƙananan nau'in super-biyu da kuma sau biyu. Tare da tsayi mai tsayi na 1.5 m, maiguwa da kyakkyawan rosettes ya kai 80 cm a tsawon. Scots suna da launin launi mai launi - daga snow-farar fata, blue zuwa ruwan hoda da tubali-ja. Suna da kyau kuma basu da kyau.
- Marfin. A shuke-shuke suna 1.6-2 m a size, suna da high sanyi juriya da kuma decorativeness. Fure-fure - babba, rabi-biyu, suna da bambancin "idanu".
Delphinium shekaru da yawa - saukowa
Don namo na delreninial delphinium, dan kadan shaded, kare daga iska, yankunan da ƙasa m loamy tare da tsaka tsaki dauki. Ana bada shawarar zuwa takin shafukan gine-gine tare da itace ash. Haske mai haske yana taimakawa rage lokacin flowering na amfanin gona. Delphinium yana takaice ko tsayi mai kyau wanda aka shuka ta hanyar shuka, wanda za'a saya ko kuma ya samu daga tsaba. Hanya na biyu shi ne mafi riba kuma mai ban sha'awa - don haka zaka iya sarrafa duk tsarin aikin shuka.
Yadda za a dasa shuki delphinium shekaru masu yawa?
Bayan flowering a yanayin bushe, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin ruwan kasa suna girbe daga mai tushe. Ana adana su cikin firiji har sai bazara. Yadda za a shuka delphinium shekaru masu yawa:
- Kafin dasa shuki tsaba suna disinfected - a cikin wani jaka nama da aka sanya na minti 20 a cikin wani bayani na manganese. Sa'an nan kuma yin kurkura da ruwa mai dumi da ruwan dare Epin (2 saukad da 120 ml na ruwa). Sa'an nan kuma ana iya busar da tsaba.
- Tsanyar ƙasa - gauraye hum ( takin ), peat, gonar gona tare da sand a cikin maida hankali akan 1: 1: 1: 0.5. Perlite a adadin gilashin gilashin lita 5 na cakuda zai kara karfin jiki da kuma yalwar da zai iya canzawa. Ana iya kiyaye ƙasa a cikin wanka na ruwa don minti 60 don halakar da hawan namomin kaza da weeds.
- Sau da yawa, ana dasa shuki a cikin kwantena na musamman don seedlings. An dasa tsaba a kan fuskar ƙasa, an rufe shi da launi na 4 mm, an rufe shi da wani fim mai duhu kuma an sanya ta a sill window.
A lokacin da za a shuka delphinium shekaru masu yawa?
Dole ne a zabi lokacin dace don delreninial delphinium lokacin da girma daga tsaba: a lokacin da ya dasa su a kan seedlings a cikin kwantena, da kuma lokacin - don bude ƙasa. Lokacin da girma girma a cikin yanayi na cikin gida, ana gargadi lambu don shuka kayan daga marigayi Fabrairu zuwa May. Amma watan da ya fi dacewa don namo na sprouts shine Maris. Bugu da ƙari, dasa kayan lambu, akwai sharudda don ajiye tsaba a kai tsaye a filin bude: rani (Yuni-Yuli), kaka (Oktoba-Nuwamba). Irin wadannan granules za su sami lokaci don samarwa a kan 2-3 ganye kuma samu nasarar overwinter a cikin ƙasa.
Yadda ake girma delphinium shekaru masu yawa?
Ƙarin kulawa yana kunshe da kulawa da tsirrai. Delphinium shekaru da yawa - daidai girma na seedlings:
- A zazzabi tsarin mulki domin germination ne + 10-15 ° C. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan shuka, akwati da tsaba za a iya sanya su cikin firiji - yanayin har zuwa -6 ° C ba zai kawo cutar cutar ba;
- bayan makonni biyu ana ajiye akwati a kan windowsill. Irin wannan nau'in ana kiransa stratification, sun kara yawan amfanin gona;
- kasar gona an shafe lokaci, an kwashe akwati. Bayan makonni 1-2 na tsaba zasuyi girma, an cire fim ɗin nan da nan;
- Kyawawan lafiya suna kallon albarkatun kore, sun nuna cotyledons. Bayan da harbe ya bayyana 2-3 ganye, suna transplanted cikin tukwane da girma na 200 ml, podraschivayut a 20deg; C;
- Tsarin gwaninta yana da matsakaici, don haka babu wani yalwace haddi, tun da akwai hadarin cutar "Black Leg" ;
- Ana shuka sau biyu sau biyu tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Agricola" ko "Rastvorin" tare da tsawon makonni biyu.
Delphinium yana da dadewa
Game da shirye-shirye na furanni don dasawa ana nuna su ta hanyar tushen su - dole ne a yi wa tukunyar daɗaɗɗa. Ana iya sanya irin wannan tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa, a lokacin da dashir daji na delphinium zai zama lafiya kuma ya wuce barazanar frosts - kusa da karshen watan Mayu. Dokokin saukowa:
- Ana ginin shafin daga kaka tare da peat ko taki. A cikin bazara - sake magani, a matsayin taki amfani da 40 g ammonium sulfate, 50 g da potassium gishiri, 60 g na superphosphate da 1 m 2 . Zaka iya shuka seedlings a cikin 'yan kwanaki;
- Ana sanya seedlings a cikin rijiyoyi da diamita 40 cm da zurfin 50 cm, a distance of 60-70 cm daga juna;
- a karo na farko da mafi kyaun filayen da aka rufe tare da kwalban filastik, bayan ya ci gaba - ana iya cire shi.
Yadda za a ninka delphinium shekaru masu yawa?
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na ninka lambun perennial delphinium:
- Division na daji. Kuna iya yin amfani da wannan hanyar don shekara ta uku na rayuwar shuka. Shin wannan a farkon spring kafin bayyanar da farko harbe ko Agusta bayan flowering. Dokoki don rarraba daji:
- Don tono sama da rhizome, yanke sassa da suka bushe;
- raba tsire-tsire a cikin rabi biyu, a cikin kowannen su guda ɗaya ko mabanin karfi dole ne su kasance;
- Ya kamata a dasa rabuwa na fure a cikin tukunya;
- a cikin makonni 2-3, bayan daji ya karu, ana iya sanya shi a cikin ƙasa - kafin hunturu, zai sami lokaci don zaunar da shi.
- ba a ƙin tsire-tsire ba, kawai ana saran kananan ƙananan da wuka mai kaifi tare da wani rhizome;
- da harbe suna sanya a cikin akwati da yashi zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm;
- mako biyu na cuttings suna fesa, an rufe daga hasken rana kai tsaye;
- Bayan makonni uku, tushen tsarin cuttings zai dame, kuma ana iya cire shuka daga akwatin zuwa tukwane, sannan a dasa su a cikin ƙasa.
Pikirovka delphinium perennial
Ana shuka dirar na delphinium, bayan shuka yana da 2-3 leaflets. Zai fi kyau a dauki kofuna na peat tare da girma na 200-300 ml kuma diamita na 9 cm don dashi.Daɗin furanni yana dudduba tare da dunƙule daga akwatin, don haka haɗarin zuwa tushen shine kadan. Matsakaici don namo ya kamata ya zama haske, tun da dogon lokaci dolphinium ke tsiro mafi kyau a cikin ƙasa tare da kyawawan kariya.
Cututtuka na perennial delphinium
Aljannar delphinium na da tsawon lokaci, wanda yake girma da kulawa da aka yi da ketare na fasaha na aikin gona, zai iya zama marasa lafiya ko kuma ya kasance mai haɗari ga hare-hare. Babban matsalolin noma:
- Mafarki mai yalwa. Yana da kamuwa da cuta na jiki wanda ke rufe bishiyoyi tare da fararen fata. A abin da ya faru akwai wajibi ne don shayar daji tare da tushe ko abun da ke ciki "Topaz".
- Black spotting. Ana bayyana a cikin ɓangaren ƙananan mai tushe, a farkon matakan da ya wajaba don yad da shuka tare da tetracycline (1 capsule da lita 1 na ruwa).
- Ring spot. Yana rufe launuka da alamar launin rawaya. Yana da kwayar cutar da ba za a iya kawar da shi ba - dole ne a cire gine-gizen da aka shafa.
- Aphids. Don rigakafin shuka da aka yi wa "Carbophos" ko "Actellikom".
- Slugs. Suna jin tsoro daga ƙanshin lemun tsami, wanda aka sanya a cikin kwantena tsakanin bushes.
- Delphinium tashi. Tana kafa qwai cikin lalata, yana fada da kwari .
Kula da delreninial delphinium
A gonar delphinium mai tsawo, unpretentious, dasa da kula da shi sun hada da ciyar, watering, gartering da thinning bushes. A wani wuri al'adun sun rayu har zuwa shekaru 10, to, dole ne a canza su. Muhimmin matakai na kulawa:
- Bayan maida kai zuwa 50 cm, an ƙarfafa su tare da tallafi, don haka tsire-tsire ba ya rabu da iska. A kusa da daji ya kafa shingen, gyara harbe da tube na nama.
- Sauko da delphinium shekaru da yawa bayan shuka ya kai girman 20-30 cm A cikin daji bar 3-5 mai karfi mai tushe, cire harbe a cikin tsire kusa da ƙasa - su ne mafi raunana. Hanyar ta kare daji daga cutar kuma tana ba da damar samun iska mai kyau.
- A cikin kaka, bayan flowering, an raba sashin jikin na tsirrai zuwa tsawo na 20-25 cm. Saboda haka, ana kare kullun tushen daga lalata.
Gidan Dolphinium na shekaru - saman miya
A flower delphinium an ciyar da wani kakar sau uku:
- bayan tsire-tsiren girma zuwa 10-15 cm, an haɗa su tare da cakuda mullein - taki da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1:10;
- A lokacin budding, 50 g na superphosphate da 40 g na potassium an ƙara 1 m 2 na ƙasa. Shirye-shiryen suna gauraye, warwatse a karkashin daji kuma zurfafa ta 5-6 cm;
- A watan Agustan daji an ciyar da daji 60 g superphosphate, 15 grams na ammonium nitrate, 30 g na potassium chloride da 40 g na ammonium sulfate.
Delphinium shekaru da yawa - watering
Dakin delphinium na ado yana da dogon lokaci - al'adu mai laushi. A lokacin kakar, kowace shuka yana cin lita 65 na ruwa. Dole ne a tabbatar cewa ƙasa a ƙarƙashinta tana da ruwan sanyi. Saboda haka, ƙarƙashin daji ya zuba 'yan buckets na ruwa a kowane mako. Idan kasar gona ta bushe, an sassare shi zuwa zurfin mita 4-5. A lokacin da aka fara gina kwayoyin halitta, al'ada yana bukatar buƙatar ruwa don kada a sami alamu ba tare da lalata ba a cikin hannayensu. Kwancen Delphinium, shekaru da yawa dole ne a tsaftace su a hankali a karkashin tushen. Ruwa ya kamata ba fada a kan foliage, in ba haka ba za a iya ƙonewa ba.