A cikin zuciyar Florence ita ce babban majami'ar Gothic na Santa Maria del Fiore (a cikin St. Maria's Flower Pass), daya daga cikin tsofaffi da kuma shahararren gine-gine a kasar. An gina shi a karni na 13, amma har yanzu wannan gine-ginen gine-gine yana ban mamaki da girmansa, kyakkyawa da zane-zane.
Ikilisiyar Santa Maria del Fiore: fasali na gine-gine
An kirkiro babban coci ne domin dukan mutanen garin Florence zasu iya aiki a ciki, kuma wannan kimanin mutum dubu 90 ne na wannan lokaci. An cimma burin wannan - babban coci ne ainihin wuri. Tsawon Santa Maria del Fiore yana da mita 90, tsawonsa tsawon mita 153 ne.
Ayyukan da aka yi a cikin gine-gine sun kasance dome. An halicce shi ne bisa tsarin da zane na Filippo Brunelleschi. Sunan babban coci an fassara shi a matsayin "Maryamu mai tsarki da furanni" kuma, hakika dome yana kama da furen tulip. Kusan diamita na 43 m - shi ya wuce diamita na sanannen Cathedral St. Peter na girmansa. Bugu da ƙari, dome na Santa Maria del Fiore na da nasarori masu ban sha'awa: ba a yalwata ba, amma faceted. Gidan ya kirkiro wannan hanyar, godiya ga ra'ayin mai ban sha'awa. Ya "dasa" dome na 8 dawakai da kuma gada tsakanin su kuma ya fuskanci irin wannan tsari tare da tubali. Karshen asalin katolika ya kai mita 91 kuma yana da 2 bawo.
Tarihin Duomo na Santa Maria del Fiore
Wannan gini ya zama irin iyakar tsakanin tsakiyar zamanai da Renaissance. An gina Duomo a maimakon tsohon katolika na Santa Reparata, wannan lokaci ya kasance kusan kimanin ƙarni 9 kuma ya fara faduwa. Shirye-shiryen birnin shine gina wani babban katako. Bugu da ƙari, mayors suna so a gina ginin a Florence, wanda ba zai wuce girman girman ba amma har da kayan ado na katolika a Siena da Pisa. An kafa ginin Santa Maria del Fiore Arnolfo di Cambio, amma an yi wannan aikin na tsawon lokaci mai tsawo, an sake maye gurbin wasu manyan gine-ginen 5, ciki har da Giotto. Dole ne a ba da gudunmawa ga kwarewar wadannan gine-ginen: a cikin karni na 15, taron ba shi da kishiya ba kawai a cikin wadannan garuruwan da ke cikin ƙauyuka ba, amma a dukan Turai.
Ba a san babban coci ba don gine-gine, amma har ma wasu abubuwan tarihi. Alal misali, shi ne a cikinta a cikin karni na 15. ƙoƙari kan 'yan uwa Lorenzo da Giuliano Medici. Kamar yadda ya zama sananne daga baya, wanda ya fara kokarin ne Papa Sixtus na IV.
Cikin Cathedral na Maria del Fiore
Cikin babban coci yana sha'awar alatu da kuma, a lokaci guda, alheri. Wani abu mai ban sha'awa na wannan coci shine agogo, kiban kiɗan suna komawa zuwa jagorancin al'ada. An fentin ganuwar fadar. A cikin labarun, za ka iya koyi da Turanci mai ba da labari John Hawkwood, mai karfin gaske daga Italiya Niccolo da Tolentino, Dante wanda ba a taɓa ba shi da kuma ɓangarorin "Divine Comedy". Har ila yau, an yi wa majalisa ado da siffofin A. Skvarchalupi - mawallafi, mawallafi, M. Ficino - sanannen masanin kimiyya, F. Brunelleschi - masanin Santa Maria del Fiore, wanda ke aiki a dome. Wannan ginin, da kuma Giotto an binne a nan.
Santa Maria del Fiore: style
Gothic yana da sauƙin ganewa a cikin tsarin fasalinsa:
- Ƙungiya ta tsaye da kuma rectangular;
- nuna arba;
- frame yana goyon bayan;
- ribbed baka;
- na bakin ciki;
- elongated windows tare da gilashi windows windows;
- yawa elongated da kaifi kayan ado abubuwa.
Santa Maria del Fiore - daya daga cikin manyan masallatai a duniya (sun hada da Cologne Cathedral , Taj Mahal ). Yana da wuyar ba don ganin wanda ya zo Florence. Amma wajibi ne don shiga ciki don ganin kayan tarihi na tarihi game da tsohuwar coci, don sha'awar murals, girman ginin kuma ganin Florence daga dandalin kallo.
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