Ana kira ƙwayar cutar zazzaɓi mai cututtuka mai tsanani, wadda ke tattare da haɗuwa da bayyanar mura, angina da rash a jiki. Wannan ƙwayar cuta ne na kwayan cuta, da kuma wakili mai yaduwar launin shuɗayyar cutar zazzabi shine ƙungiyar beta-hemolytic A streptococcus. Yara da kyakkyyan zazzaɓi, mafi yawancin daga shekaru 1 zuwa 10, suna fama da zazzaɓi.
Cikakken zazzabin yara a cikin yara har zuwa shekara yana da wuya, saboda suna da mummunar rigakafi daga mahaifiyar. Ana kamuwa da kamuwa da ƙwayar ruwa, sau da yawa ta hanyar sadarwa tare da abubuwa masu gurɓata (alal misali, tare da kayan wasa).
Cutar cututtuka da alamun shuɗin ƙwayar zafi a cikin yara
Lokaci na latti na kamuwa da cuta yana daga kwanaki 3 zuwa 7. Kafin farkon shuɗin zazzaɓi, yanayin yaron ya ci gaba da raguwa: ya zama barci da damuwa. Akwai gunaguni na ciwo da ciwon kai. Jiki jiki zai tashi daga 38 ° C zuwa 40 ° C. Alamun farko na shuɗin ƙwayar zazzabi sun hada da bayyanar vomiting da rashes a jikin jiki duka: dullin dull mai bayyana a kan fuskarsa ana bayyane a jikin fata. Mafi yawan rash a kan fuska, yankunan da fatar jiki, da ta gefe na gangar jikin. Tare da ja chee, kodadde, nau'in triangle na nasolabial ba shi da kyau sosai. Bugu da ƙari, yaron zai iya kokawa game da bayyanar zafi lokacin da yake haɗiye - bayyanar angina. Harshen mai hakuri yana samun launi mai haske. Rashes da zazzabi na karshe na kwanaki da yawa. Bayan kwanaki 4-6, peeling ya bayyana akan fata a shafin yanar gizo.
Saboda mummunar bayyanar cututtuka, ƙwarewar cutar zazzaɓi ba ta da wuya, kuma babu ƙarin gwaje-gwajen da ake bukata.
Mene ne hadari mai zazzabi?
Babban zazzabi, gaggawa, zafi a cikin kuturu - wannan, ba shakka, ba shi da kyau. Amma mafi girma hatsari ba cutar kanta ba, amma rikitarwa da abin da take kaiwa. Gaskiyar cewa wakili na cuta na cutar - streptococcus - na dogon lokaci yana jinkirta kuma yana yada cikin jiki. Daya daga cikin rikice-rikice bayan yaduwar cutar zazzabi ya haɗa da yaduwar cutar kamuwa da gabobin ciki da kuma jikin jikin jiki: ƙananan ƙwayoyi, ƙumburi na lymph nodes (lymphadenitis), kunne na tsakiya (otitis), kodan (glomerulonephritis), haɗin gwiwa (synovitis). Duk da haka, mummunan lalacewar cutar zazzaɓi shine lalacewar zuciya (rashin lafiyar myocarditis) da ci gaban rheumatism, wanda ya bayyana a sakamakon yaduwar toxin wanda streptococci ya samar.
Yaya za mu bi da cutar zazzaɓi a yara?
Tare da mikiya na zafin zazzabi, magani zai iya faruwa a gida. A lokuta masu tsanani, asibiti wajibi ne. Sati na farko na rashin lafiyar mai haƙuri yana buƙatar shimfiɗar gado, kuma tare da ɓacewar ɓoye mai yawa, an yarda ta tashi. Yana da mahimmanci ga biyayyar cin abinci tare da shuɗin ƙwayar zazzaɓi. Naman, kifi, madara mai yayyafi, dankali mai dankali, hatsi, ruwan 'ya'yan itace an yarda. Dalili shine a samar da abinci mai dumi, goge da kuma dafa shi. Abincin ya kamata ya zama kwakwalwan ruwa ko ruwa. Dole ne buƙatar ruwan sha don cire maye gurbin jiki.
Yadda za a bi da cutar zazzaɓi da kwayoyi? Dikita zai rubuta maganin cutar antibacterial. Ana amfani da maganin rigakafi na rukunin penicillin: misali, amoxiclav. Idan rukuni na penicillin ba shi da haquri, an umarta erythromycin. A cikin layi daya tare da antimicrobial jamiái, antihistamines (tavegil, diazolin), shirye-shirye tare da alli, bitamin C.
Yawancin lokaci iyaye suna damu game da yaduwar launin zazzabi na da sauran yara? Hakika, a. Yara mara lafiya yana da haɗari ga wasu. Dole ne a rabu da shi a cikin ɗaki daban don akalla kwanaki 10. Yana da yawa wajibi ne don kwantar da ɗakin da kuma rarraba tawul din da kuma jita-jita don yaro.
Rigakafin cututtukan ya rage zuwa rabuwa da yara marasa lafiya, samar da tsarin tsaftace-tsabta (tsabtatawa, tsaftace tsabtatawa). Cutar da zazzaɓi na ƙwayar zazzabi ba a ɓullo a wannan lokacin ba.