Temunan Indonesia

Indonesia - mafi yawan tsibirin tsibirin, wanda ruwan kogin Indiya da Pacific na wanke bakin teku. A nan, babbar bambance-bambancen halittu da wadataccen al'adu , da gidajen na musamman na Indonesiya - wannan wata dalili ne da za ta zo kasar nan.

Akwai gidajen gine-gine masu yawa a Indonesia: gidajen ibada, tsawa, majami'u, ɗakin sujada da kuma dukkan addinan addini. Daga cikin su akwai gidajen ibada na yanzu da aka rufe da kuma kare su, wanda a yau ba addini kawai bane amma har ma da tsarin tarihi da tarihi. Ta hanyar kasancewa cikin ƙungiyoyi, temples a Indonesia sune Katolika, Buddha da Hindu.

Cocin Katolika na Indonesia

Katolika a Indonesia ya bayyana a kwanan nan kwanan nan. Kimanin shekaru 100-150 da suka wuce, mazauna daga Turai sun fara saya ƙasa da gina ɗakunan Katolika, tarurruka da majami'u. Yana da kyau a nuna waɗannan coci Katolika a Indonesia:

1. Cathedral St. Peter a Bandung , babban coci na diocese na Bandung. Haikali yana tsaye a kan tushen tsarin tsohuwar tsarin coci na St. Francis. An gina babban coci bisa ga aikin ginin daga Holland Charles Wolff Shemaker. An ƙaddamar da sabon ginin ranar Fabrairu 19, 1922.
2. Gidan Cathedral na Maryamu Maryamu Mai Girma a garin Bogor , babban coci na diocese, ana daukarta mafi girma a kan tsibirin Java. Wanda ya kafa babban coci shi ne bishop na Netherlands, Adam Carolus Klassens. An yi ado da ginin gine-gine tare da wani mutum mai suna Madonna da Child.
3. Gidan Cathedral na Maryamu Maryamu mai albarka a garin Semarang , babban coci na Diocese na Semarang. An haɗa shi a cikin jerin manyan al'adun al'adun Indonesiya. An gina haikalin a kan shafin tsohuwar Ikilisiya a 1935.

Hindu Temples na Indonesia

Kamar sauran wurare a duniya, gidajen Hindu a tsibirin Indonesiya suna mamakin ban mamaki da ban sha'awa. Wadannan abubuwa na halayen Hindu sune mahimmanci tare da mahajjata da masu yawon bude ido:

1. Garuda Vishnu Kenchana wani wurin shakatawa ne na Bukit, wanda ke jawo hankulan mafi girma daga gunkin allahn Vishnu a duniya - 146 m. ​​Ba'a kammala duk abin da ya kunsa ba, amma ya riga ya janye masu yawa. A wurin shakatawa, an sanya kai, da hannayensu, da wani mutum mai suna Vishnu a cikin zuwan taro.
2. Gedong Songo - babban haikalin gine-gine, wanda ke tsakiyar tsakiyar tsibirin Java . Wannan hadaddun ya hada da 5 temples. An gina shi a cikin ƙarni na IX-IX BC. a lokacin mulkin Mataram. An gina dukan temples a dutse na dutse kuma sune ginshiƙan Hindu a tsibirin Java. Lambar Haikali na 3 a cikin ɗakin da aka yi ado da siffofin masu gadi.
3. Chandi - abin da ake kira dukan wuraren ibada na Hindu da Buddha, wanda aka gina a cikin Indonesiya. Masana binciken ilimin kimiyya sun lura da wasu gine-ginen gine-ginen gine-ginen da ake ginawa na zamani na Indiya da kuma abubuwan da suka saba da al'adun gargajiya. Dukkan gine-ginen sune gine-ginen rectangular, square ko gine-gine-gine-gine tare da tushe mai mahimmanci da kuma sutura masu yawa. Misali mafi kyau shine wuraren bauta na Dieng da Borobudur . Kowane ginin yana haikali ne da kuma binne tsoffin sarakuna.
4. Prambanan babban ƙananan gidajen temples ne na Chandi, wanda ya kasance a farkon lokacin da ake ciki. Prabmanan yana cikin zuciyar tsibirin Java. An gina shi a karni na 10 a lokacin jihar Mataram. Tun daga shekarar 1991, cibiyar UNESCO ce ta duniya. Bisa ga labari, an gina dukkanin gine-gine saboda ƙaunar da ba a sani ba a matsayin haikalin da mutane 1000.
5. Besakih - wani babban gidan ibada, wanda yake da nisan kilomita 1 daga saman teku a cikin girgije. Shekaru na haikalin yana da shekaru 3,000, ƙwayar ya ƙunshi fiye da 20 temples daban-daban da sunayen mutane da dalilai. Kasashen da ke cikin hadaddun an yi wa ado da adadi masu yawa wadanda suke nuna aljanu da alloli. Haikali yana aiki, kawai Hindu zasu iya shiga.

Buddhist Temalai na Indonesia

Majami'u masu ban sha'awa da ƙananan addinin Buddha sune mafi girma a cikin ƙasashen Indonesiya. Mafi mashahuri tsakanin masana kimiyya da yawon bude ido sune:

1. Borobudur babban zauren Buddha ne kuma babban haikalin gidan Buddha na Mahayana. An gina a kan tsibirin Java tsakanin 750 zuwa 850, rufin Borobudur wani wuri ne na aikin hajji. Yana da 8 tiers. A saman akwai kananan kwayoyi 72 a cikin kararrawa, ciki akwai 504 Buddha statues da kuma 1460 bas-reliefs. An gano haikalin a cikin kurmi a karkashin sassan kundin wuta a 1814. A cikin wannan tsari, ya tsaya kusan kimanin shekaru 800.
2. Tsohon dutsen Muaro Jambi yana kan tsibirin Sumatra . An gina shi a cikin XI-XIII karni AD. Yana da wani yanki na ƙwaƙƙun kayan tarihi. An yi imani cewa wannan shi ne mafi girma daga cikin tsararrun ɗakin Buddha na haikalin Buddha a dukan kudu maso gabashin Asia. Mafi yawan haikalin har yanzu yana cikin cikin kurkuku. Ginin ya gina ginin jan, an yi masa ado tare da zane-zane da zane-zane.
3. Majami'ar Buddha Muara Takus yana daya daga cikin manyan gidajen ibada da suka fi tsayi a tsibirin Sumatra. Yana da abin tunawa na ƙasa da kuma tsakiyar manyan tuddai tun 1860. Kullun yana kewaye da bangon dutse tare da kulle. A cikin ganuwar haikalin akwai 4 Tsarin Buddha. An gina dukkanin gine-ginen nau'o'in nau'i biyu: dutse ja da dutse.
4. Brahmavihara Arama shine babban haikalin Buddha a tsibirin Bali . Yana aiki, an gina shi a shekarar 1969. An gina wannan gine-gine bisa ga al'adun addinin Buddha: m ado na ciki, fure da furanni da yawa, siffofin zinari na Buddha, rufin mahaukaci.