Mene ne dalilan wadannan cututtuka kuma abin da ke hadarin samun yarinya tare da ƙwayar cuta a cikin 21 18 13 chromosome - bari muyi kokarin gano shi.
Kwararren cututtukan cututtuka
Mafi yawan kwayoyin cututtukan kwayoyin halitta - trisomy a kan 13, 18, ko 21 chromosomes sun taso saboda sakamakon rarraba kwayar halitta ta hanyar rarraba kwayoyin halitta. A wasu kalmomi, tayin ne da aka gaji daga iyayensa maimakon a ba da umarni guda biyu na chromosomes, yayin da karin adadin 13, 18 ko 21 chromosomes ya hana ci gaba ta al'ada da ta jiki.
Bisa ga kididdiga, kididdigar a cikin 21st chromosome (Down cider) yana faruwa sau da yawa fiye da kwakwalwa a cikin 13th da 18th chromosomes. Kuma jinkirin rai na jariran da aka haife su tare da rashin lafiya na Patau da Edwards, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba kasa da shekara guda ba. Yayin da masu ɗaukar nau'o'i uku na 21 na chromosome sun tsira zuwa tsufa.
Amma a kowace harka, yara da irin wannan rashin lafiya ba zasu iya zama mambobin al'umma ba, zamu iya cewa sun rasa rayukansu da wahala. Saboda haka, matan da suke ciki, bayan sunyi nazarin kwayoyin halitta, sun sami babban haɗari a cikin 13th, 18th, 21st chromosome, an kuma gwada su. Idan an tabbatar da ganewar asali, za a iya tambayar su don su dakatar da ciki.
Trisomy 21 18 13: fassarar nazarin
Rashin ciwon jariri tare da tayi na 21, 18, ko 13 na chromosome yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa tare da tsufa na mahaifiyar, amma ba za a iya cire wannan ba daga 'yan mata. Don rage yawan yawan yara da aka haife su tare da waɗannan pathologies, masana kimiyya sun samo hanyoyin bincike na musamman wanda zai ba da damar mutum yayi tsammanin wani abu ba daidai ba ne a yayin da yake ciki.
A mataki na farko na ganewar asali, iyaye masu zuwa, likitoci suna ƙarfafawa su wuce gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, musamman, gwajin sau uku. Daga makonni 15-20, mace ta ba da gwajin jini, bisa ga yadda aka ƙaddara matakin: AFP (alpha-fetoprotein), estriol, hCG da Inhibin-A. Wadannan sune alamun halayyar ci gaba da yanayin tayin.
Don tabbatar da haɗarin tarkon jiki a kan 21, 18, 13 chromosome, yawancin shekarun sun kwatanta alamun da aka samu. An san cewa mata suna da haɗarin tasowa na ciwon ƙwayar Down Down:
- a karkashin shekaru 25 1: 1250;
- a shekaru 30 - 1: 1000;
- a shekaru 35 - 1: 400;
- a cikin shekaru 40 - 1: 100;
- a cikin mata masu ciki fiye da 45, haɗarin patho a wasu lokuta yana ƙaruwa - 1 zuwa 40.
Alal misali, idan sakamakon binciken da yarinya mai shekaru 38 yake da ita shine 1:95, wannan yana nuna haɗari mai yawa da kuma buƙatar ƙarin jarrabawa. Don ƙin ganewar ƙarshe, hanyoyi irin su bambance-bambance mai cututtuka, amniocentesis , cordocentesis, placentocentesis ana amfani.
Tsarin dogara ga karuwa a cikin hadari na samun yara tare da sutura 13, 18, dangane da shekarun mahaifiyar, an kuma gano shi, amma ba shi da ma'ana fiye da yanayin da ake ciki na trisomy 21. A cikin kashi 50%, an nuna bambanci a lokacin duban dan tayi. Don gwani gwani, ba abu mai wuya ba ne don ƙayyade Edwards ko Patau ciwo ta hanyar halayyar halayyar.
