Tsasa tumatir wata doka ce wadda ba za ta iya karya ba idan kuna son girbi girbi mai kyau

Tsarin shuka tumatir shine mabuɗin girbi mai kyau. Ana shirya don wannan aiki, kana buƙatar la'akari da cewa fasaha na aiki a filin bude da greenhouse na da ɗan daban. Dole ne mai kula da kulawa ya kamata, kafin farkon kakar bazara, da shirya wani tsari, sayen tsaba, takin mai magani da kayan aiki.

Dasa tumatir tsaba a kan seedlings

Idan kuna son samun girbi mai kyau na tumatir, ya kamata ku bi bin ka'idojin da aka yarda akai don dasa shuki tumatir akan seedlings. Wannan tsari zai fara ne tare da shirye-shirye na ƙasa da nau'in disinfection. Ana samarda kyakkyawan ƙasa ta wurin hada peat (2 sassa), ƙasa daga gonar (1 part), peregrivshego humus (1 part) da yashi (0.5 part). Yana da kyawawa don katse tsaba a cikin wani bayani na 1% na potassium permanganate na mintina 15 ko a cikin wani bayani na Fitosporin.

Ainihin yanayin don samun kyau seedlings tumatir:

1. Shigarwa na kwalaye a windows windows.
2. Tare da rashin haske, haske na wajibi na seedlings.
3. Yanayin yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullum daga 18 ° C zuwa 25 ° C.
4. Yanayin dare yana daga 12 ° C zuwa 18 ° C.
5. Watering tare da dumi m ko thawed ruwa.
6. Har sai harbe ya bayyana, akwatunan suna rufe da polyethylene kuma sun yada ƙasa daga gwanin raga.
7. Mun cire tsari bayan da muka fara dasa bishiyoyi na farko.
8. Na farko watering ne da za'ayi kamar 'yan kwanaki bayan taro harbe, na gaba na yau da kullum watering na seedlings ne yake aikata a matsayin ƙasar ta bushe fita.

Yarda lokaci don tumatir a kan sprouts

A marufi don tsaba nuna kimanin kwanakin shuka, amma a gaskiya kana buƙatar daidaitawa bisa ga yanayin a yankinka. Muna la'akari da cewa tsawon lokacin da aka shuka shuka shine kwanaki 60. Lokaci na tsirrai tumatir a kan kayan yaji ya dogara ne akan halaye iri-iri na tumatir. Zaku iya bin wadannan kwanakin nan masu zuwa don Ukraine da Tsakiyar Rasha:

1. Don tsirrai da marigayi tumatir - daga shekaru uku na Fabrairu zuwa Maris 10.
2. Yawan itatuwa na zamani da na tumatir sun kasance daga 10 zuwa 20 Maris.
3. Saukowa daga tumatir-farkon tumatir - wadannan nau'o'in suna da lokaci su yi kyau sosai har ma a lokacin shuka a kwanakin farko na watan Afrilu, wanda ke ba da damar girma seedlings a kudancin shinge ba tare da hasken lantarki ba.

Samar da tumatir a kan seedling a cikin wani cochlea

A cikin noma mai noma, zaka iya la'akari da hanyoyi mafi girma na dasa shuki na tumatir a kan bishiyoyi, wanda zai sa ya fi sauƙi don samun tsire-tsire masu girma daga al'adun da kake so. Maciji ne na'urar da aka yi da kanta. Yana iya maye gurbin akwatin gaba ɗaya, kuma yana da amfani sosai lokacin da shuka iriccen adadin tsaba. Yi shi a matsayin nau'i na wani kunkuntar yanki na rufi a ƙarƙashin laminate da kuma matattun kayan shafa. Mun shigar da katantanwa a kan butt, muna shuka tumatir, sa'an nan kuma yayyafa tsaba da ƙasa kuma mu sanya akwati a wuri mai dumi.

Shuka tumatir akan seedlings a cikin kwayoyin kwayoyi

Idan kana da ƙananan yawan tsaba kuma akwai marmarin shuka seedlings ba tare da tsinkaya ba , to, ya fi dacewa ka shuka tumatir a cikin kwayoyin kwayoyi . Tumatir a cikin mataki na gaba za a iya saukewa a cikin akwati har zuwa lita 0.5 tare da gurasar na gina jiki, ba tare da lalata tushen ƙarancin ba. Zai zama mai kyau saya allunan daga 33 mm zuwa 36 mm a diamita, dasa shuki 2 tsaba a kowane tsagi. A nan gaba, mafi rassan tsuntsaye. Zazzabi da haske suna kiyaye don wannan seedling a cikin daidaitattun yanayin.

Samar da tumatir a cikin wani greenhouse

Manoma na farko zasu kiyaye ka'idodin dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse, kuskuren da aka yi zai iya haifar da asarar albarkatun gona ko ma cikakkiyar lalacewar seedlings. A cikin ɗakin rufe, ya kamata ku kula da samun iska, yin windows a ƙarƙashin rufi da kuma daga ƙarshen ginin. Dole ne a gwada haskaka kamar yadda zai yiwu a dasa shi tare da hasken rana da fitilu, don haka tsire-tsire su sami adadin haske kuma kada su inuwa.

Babban matakai na dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse:

1. Layout na kasar gona - muna rarraba gadaje, la'akari da girman dakin. Tsawanin tsayinta na ridge yana da 40 cm, tare da nisa daga 60-90 cm Mafi girman ƙarancin nassi shine har zuwa 60 cm.
2. Shirye-shiryen substrate - idan kuna da ƙasa mai yumbu, yana da kyawawa don tsarkwatar shi da peat, humus da itace sawdust (10 l / m ² ).
3. Taki - zaka iya yayyafa a ko'ina a saman 1 m ^{2 na} ƙasa 2 spoons na superphosphate da spoonful na potassium gishiri, sa'an nan kuma kasar gona ya kamata a kyau digged.
4. Cikakken ƙasa - mai zafi bayani na potassium permanganate a cikin maida hankali na 1 g / 10 l, wanda ya kamata a zuba cikin 1 lita da kyau.
5. Dasa tumatir - ana shuka shuka iri tsaye a cikin zurfin ƙasa tare da asalinsu, da kuma tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire - 2 zurfin ramuka. Da farko, rufe ƙasa tare da dunƙule na tushen, da kuma bayan kwanaki 10-12 - gaba daya zuba da seedling zuwa ƙasa matakin.

Dasa lokaci don tumatir tumatir don greenhouse

Dasa da girma tumatir a cikin gine-gine sune matakai masu rikitarwa, da yawa ya dogara da sauyin yanayi, yanayin zafi na wucin gadi da kayan abin da aka sanya rufin da ganuwar wannan tsari. Lokaci na aikin ya kamata a canza dangane da yanayin yanayi. Alal misali, a tsakiyar Rasha, zaku iya mayar da hankalin akan waɗannan kwanakin:

1. Tsare-tsaren tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da kasancewa da zafi na wucin gadi - na karshe na watan Afrilu.
2. Da maraƙi ba tare da dumama na ciki - farkon shekaru goma na watan Mayu ba.
3. Greenhouses daga fim ba tare da ƙarin tsari - farkon karni na uku na Mayu.

Hanyoyin dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse

Daukar nesa mafi kyau lokacin da dasa shuki tumatir a cikin wani gine-ginen, kada ka sanya ramuka masu tsayi don ajiye sararin samaniya. Wannan aikin yana haifar da rashin hasken rana don ci gaba kuma yana kara haɗari da ƙwayar tumatir tare da fungi ko kwayoyin. Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban masu yawa don dasa shuki tumatir, amma mafi mashahuri shi ne hanyar daidaitawa da kuma ladabi na sakawa ramukan, fadin nassi a cikin greenhouse shine akalla 60 cm.

Shuka alamu don tumatir dangane da iri-iri:

1. Dasa tumatir iri iri-iri - ana bada shawara akan aiwatarwa a cikin layuka 2, nisa tsakanin layuka - 60 cm, rata tsakanin bakuna - 40 cm.
2. Don tumatir tumatir guda daya, ana iya amfani da tsire-tsire mai yawa, barin nesa tsakanin rijiyoyin kimanin 30 cm kuma sarari tsakanin layuka na 50 cm.
3. Tsarin tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari, barin nesa tsakanin su daga 60 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka - daga 75 cm.

Shuka tumatir a cikin ƙasa

Masu amfani da kayan lambu suna amfani da hanyoyi masu dacewa don dasa shuki tumatir a cikin ƙasa, amma a kowane hali, ya kamata ku bi dacewa da lokaci mafi kyau kuma ku yi amfani da karfi da kuma al'ada ta kafa seedlings don aiki. Kyakkyawan seedlings a lokacin saukarwa suna da tsawo na 20 cm kuma suna da 7-9 ganye masu kyau. Yawancin ya yanke shawarar zaɓin wurin da aka shirya don shuka tumatir. Gwada kada ku yi amfani da yankin a cikin ƙananan layi, inda ruwan karkashin kasa ke kusa don kauce wa lalacewa tare da lalacewa mai hatsarin gaske. Kasada mai dacewa tare da karfin 6-6,7 pH.

Ana shirya kasar gona don dasa shuki tumatir seedlings

Rashin murmushi yana da tasirin rinjayar amfanin gona na wannan gonar. Yi ƙoƙarin kaucewa dasa shuki tumatir bayan dankali da sauran al'adun nightshade. An bada shawara a nemi a kan 1m ² gadaje zuwa lita 10 na humus da lita 10 na peat. A matsayin taki, 2 teaspoons na superphosphate da ƙasa itace ash an kara wa wannan yankin. A cikin tambaya game da yadda za a bi da ƙasa kafin dasa shuki tumatir, ana amfani da wani bayani mai zafi na potassium permanganate, wanda ake shayarwa a gonar kimanin kwanaki biyar kafin a fara farawa.

Dasa tsire-tsire iri a cikin ƙasa

Lokaci na dasa shuki na tumatir a cikin ƙasa budewa ya dogara ne akan yanayin hawan dutse a cikin yankinku. Zai zama mai kyau don fara aiki a yanayin yanayin iska mai tsayi na 15 ° C, a yanayin sanyi, tumatir sunyi matukar kyau kuma sun yi rashin lafiya. Zai fi kyau in dasa tumatir a kan kwanakin hadari da na yamma.

Dokokin don dasa shuki tumatir a cikin ƙasa:

1. A mafi kyawun ciyar yankin don tumatir shrub daga 0.3 m ² .
2. Tsakanin ramukan ya bar nisa na 40 cm, rata tsakanin layuka - rabin mita.
3. Nisa na daidaitattun jere-jere guda biyu shine 1 m.
4. Abincin suna da girman kadan fiye da tukunya don seedlings. Bambanci - tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire da tsayi iri iri, waɗanda aka sanya a cikin ƙasa a kwance a ƙarƙashin wani gangami kadan, sprinkling ɓangare na akwati tare da ƙasa.
5. A ƙarshen dasa, ruwa mu bushes, don kariya daga iska, ko da yaushe amfani da garter zuwa kwando.

Shuka tumatir a cikin ƙasa

Ga mazauna yankunan kudancin akwai wata hanyar da za ta shuka wannan amfanin gona - dasa shuki tumatir kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa tare da tsaba. Ta wannan hanyar, mai shi na gonar ya karbi amfanin gona a cikin makonni kadan bayan haka, amma ya sami wasu amfani: matsalar da aka ɗauka, sake ginawa da kashewa an cire. A cikin shekaru dumi, seedlings kama a ci gaban da seedlings, wanda daukan lokaci don daidaitawa, da kuma bayar da cikakken da ake samu.

Yadda za a shuka tumatir tsaba a cikin ƙasa:

1. Muna hanzarta aiwatar da saukarda tsaba ta hanyar yin amfani da shi na tsawon sa'o'i 12 a cikin girma mai karfi da kuma cigaba.
2. A cikin rijiyoyin, wanda aka shirya bisa ga daidaitattun tsari don bude ƙasa, 3-4 tsaba ana shuka su ne.
3. Zurfin shuka - har zuwa 4 cm.
4. Duniya yana buƙatar dan damun dan kadan.
5. Ruwa kafin bayyanar sprouts ba a buƙata ba.
6. A cikin mataki na 2 zanen gado muna yin thinning, yana da muhimmanci kada a cire wani karin kumbura, amma don jingina shi da fingernail.