Kusan kowane ziyara da wata mace zuwa likitan ilimin likitancin jiki yana tare da swab don sanin yanayin microflora na tsarin kwayoyin halittu (janar jiki, gynecological). Kuma a yau za mu tattauna game da abin da Figures ke nufi a kan leaflet tare da sakamakon binciken.
Yankewa na gynecological shafa
Binciken binciken kwayoyin halitta da fassarar smear zai iya gano cututtuka da aka kwashe jima'i, ƙonewa.
Don bincike, swabs daga farji, kazalika da cervix da urethra (urethra) ana daukar su tare da wani samfuri na musamman. Ana amfani da kayan haɗari zuwa zane-zane tare da bayanai: farji - "V", urethra - "U", cervix - "C".
A cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, da farko, ɗaukar smears tare da kayan ado na musamman (bisa ga Gram). Ana nazarin littattafai a ƙarƙashin kwayar microscope.
An sanya hukuncin ƙaddamar da cikakken bayani game da shafawa a kan alamomi masu zuwa:
- Fita epithelium. Tare da takardu na al'ada, epithelium (kwayoyin dake rufe farji da cervix) yana nan. Yawansa ya bambanta dangane da yanayin hawan - har zuwa ƙwayoyin 15 a fagen gani. Mai nuna alama mai nuna alama zai iya nuna wani tsari na flammatory (vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis). Idan ba a samo jikin jikin epithelium a cikin shafa ba - wannan hujja ne akan rashin isrogen ko atrophy na kwayoyin epithelial.
- Leukocytes. Wadannan kwayoyin sunyi aiki mai kariya a cikin jiki, suna hana shiga cikin kamuwa da cuta. Yawanci, adadin su a cikin farji da urethra - har zuwa 10, da kuma a cikin kwakwalwa - har zuwa 30. Idan rikodin ƙwayar microscopy ya nuna yawan wucewar leukocytes, wannan alama ce ta kumburi.
- Lactobacilli (Dederlein sandunansu) su ne wakilai na microflora na al'ada na farji. Tare da alamun lafiya, dole ne a sami babban adadin su a cikin shinge. Ƙananan ƙwayar alama ce ta cin zarafin microflora.
- Anyi amfani da slime daga gland na farji da kuma canjin mahaifa. Yawanci, ya kamata a sami ƙananan ƙananan ƙuri'a.
- Naman gwari Candida - gabanin shi lokacin da aka tsara nazarin sakamakon sakamakon smear na yau da kullum ya nuna alamar.
- Idan bincike na smear ya nuna kasancewar kwayoyin halitta na waje (gonococci, kananan sanduna, trichomonads, kwayoyin halitta, da dai sauransu), to wannan yana nuna kamuwa da cuta.
Bakposev Smear - Bayani
Don tabbatar da ganewar asali, akwai wani lokaci wajibi ne don gudanar da al'ada bacteriological. Wannan bincike kuma ya nuna mahimmanci na wakili na masu kamuwa da cuta zuwa maganin rigakafi. Tare da wannan hanya, an sanya kayan da aka zaɓa a cikin matsakaici na gina jiki don kwanaki 7-15. A cikin fassarar fassarar smear, yawan adadin wakilai na al'ada, alamu da kuma pathogenic flora an nuna su a cikin CFU (yanki da ke zama raka'a).
Smear don cytology - fassarar
Tsarin shafawa na cytology (rubutun Pap) shi ne nazarin microscopic da aka gudanar don ƙayyade girman, siffar, lambar da kuma wurin da kwayoyin halitta suke.
Ƙaddamarwar ƙaddamarwa a kan oncocytology shi ne kamar haka: sakamako mai kyau (al'ada) - dukkanin kwayoyin launi da cylindrical epithelium ba tare da fasali ba; tabbatacce - kasancewar kwayoyin halittu (daban-daban a cikin siffar, girman, dake cikin pathologically).
Dalili na kullun lafiya zai iya zama ƙananan cututtuka, cututtuka na baya (yashwa, polyps, da dai sauransu), kazalika da yanayin damuwa (dysplasia) da ciwon daji na mahaifa.
Akwai nau'o'i 5 na yanayin mahaifa:
- Halin yanayin hoto na al'ada.
- Kwayoyin da aka canza sune alamar tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayoyin jikin jini.
- Kasancewar kwayoyin halitta guda ɗaya (ƙarin gwaje-gwaje za a buƙaci).
- Kasancewar karamin yawan kwayoyin ciwon daji.
- A yawancin ciwon daji.
Same daga bakin - takardun shaida
Sau da yawa, ana aiwatar da pharynysis na ƙaddarar daga pharynx tare da angina, ciwo mai cututtuka, pertussis, kamuwa da cutar meningococcal, tare da tsammanin daukar karuwar irin wadannan cututtuka.
Yawancin lokaci, microflora na pharynx yana wakiltar staphylococcus epidermal, kore streptococcus, wadanda basu da wariyar cuta Neisserias da pneumococci, da kuma ƙananan naman gwari na Candida. Pathogenic microorganisms sun fi yawanci gano Candida albicans, β-hemolytic kungiyar A streptococcus, pertussis causative wakili, diphtheria bacillus.