Ba dukkanin lambu, musamman masu farawa ba, sun san yadda za su dasa shuki, su kula da shi. Daga kiyaye ka'idodin masana'antu, da amfani da sababbin fasahar zamani, kayan aiki marasa kyau, kayan aiki nagari da na yau da kullum, yawan girbi ya dogara. Girman strawberries ba abu mai sauki ba ne, yana buƙatar ƙarfi, hakuri da lokaci.
Yadda za a dasa shukar strawberry?
Kafin dasa shuki strawberries, zabi wuri mai kyau ta wurin shirya kayan gada mai kyau, shirya su a kan wani shafi mai haske don hasken rana, da kyau, littafi mafi kyau shine kudancin kudancin. A cikin ƙasa mai zurfi ko ƙasa mai laushi da tsire-tsire ke tsiro da rashin talauci, babu buƙatar sa ran girbi mai yawa. Kafin dasa shuki strawberries, ya kamata ka bi dokoki masu zuwa:
- a kan shafin da aka zaba ya kamata a sami ruwa mai zurfi a ƙasa;
- A matsayin m ma'auni, disinfect kasar gona makonni biyu kafin dasa shuki tare da bayani na jan karfe sulfate da lemun tsami mai tsanani zuwa 50-70 ° C (50 g / 500 g / 10 l);
- shirya kayan gadaje, yin takin , musamman ma wajibi ne don matasan iri na strawberries. Kashi na ƙasa, ba kasa da 10 cm ba, ya kamata a cikin abun da ke ciki, ban da turf ƙasa, sassa daidai: peat, farin yashi da humus;
- Kafin dasa shuki da tushen seedlings, tsoma cikin chatterbox, shirya daga jiko na lãka da mullein .
Yadda za a shuka seedlings na strawberries?
Ana dasa shuki strawberries, a cikin kaka da kuma lokacin bazara, kafin dasa shuki seedlings, yana da muhimmanci cewa kayan kayan da ka zaba yana da tushen tushen tsarin. Zabi seedlings tare da rootlets wanda akwai farar ƙasa, in ba haka ba za su dauki tushen na dogon lokaci. Shirya shafin, amfani da taki. Kafin dasa shuki strawberries, kakar da seedlings, ajiye shi a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi. Yi ramuka a nesa na 25-30 cm zurfi, don haka tushen suna tsaye, ƙara humus da itace ash zuwa rijiyoyin, zuba cikin ruwa. Rufe rami tare da ƙasa, rufe shi da sauƙi.
Yadda za a shuka strawberries tare da tsaba?
Sanin yadda za a shuka shuki tare da tsaba, don samun seedlings naka, shirya don gaskiyar cewa shuka yana buƙatar kula da kulawa. Don samun lafiya, karfi da ba overgrown seedlings, shi wajibi ne don tabbatar da:
- daidai lokacin shuka. Tsaba fara shuka a cikin shekaru goma na Fabrairu ko farkon Maris;
- ƙasa mai gauraye. Kasan duniya yana buƙatar mai sauƙi da sauƙi (kamar gadaje), tare da adadin perlite ko vermiculite (ƙasa-burodi foda);
- stratification. "Saukowa" a zafin jiki na + 2 + 4 ° C. Ka kiyaye su har abada, suna motsa kowane kwanaki 10-14, a kan ewa na shuka kadan bushe;
- nazarin kwayoyin halitta. Soaked tsaba a cikinsu na minti 30-40 kafin dasa, germinate sauri;
- farko germination na tsaba. Wannan tsari zai taimaka wajen sarrafa yaduwar cutar da ƙin yarda da rashin ƙarfi, shuke-shuke masu tasowa marasa kyau;
- isasshen haske. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da fitilar wutar lantarki wanda yake nesa da 20-25 cm sama da farfajiya na akwati inda aka shuka tsaba;
- na yau da kullum. Ƙasa ba za ta bushe ba, sai strawberry yana bukatar danshi.
Tsarin germination zai iya wucewa daga makonni biyu zuwa wata daya da rabi, duk ya dogara da nau'o'in. Bayan fitowar sprouts, tabbatar da tsarin zafin jiki na germs ba ƙananan ba + 23-25 ° C, rana mai haske ba ta kasa da sa'o'i 12-15 ba, da kuma samfuri na yau da kullum daga spray. Don kauce wa sandaro, tada murfin gilashi yau da kullum kuma bar iska ta shiga harbe. Ta hanyar dasa shuki tsaba a cikin idon ruwa kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, a kaka zaka iya dasa dashi zuwa wani shafin da aka zaba don wannan.
Yadda za a dasa shukar gashin gashi?
Yin tunani game da yadda za a dasa shuki da tsire-tsire a cikin ƙwayar gashi, masu aikin lambu, musamman masu farawa, ya kamata su sani cewa daji yana haifar da wani girbi na berries, ko karfi, gashin gashi. Don samun fatar gashi, zaɓan tsire-tsire, cire dukkan buds daga gare ta, kawar da furanni da bayyanar 'ya'yan itatuwa. A farkon lokacin rani daji za ta ba da gashin-baki, barin mafi karfi, duk sauran sauran. Lokacin da tushen ya bayyana, ko dai yanke su a cikin ƙasa, ko prikopayte a cikin tukunyar da aka raba, sanya kusa da daji. A karshen watan Yuli, ka ɗauki gashin-baki daga tsohuwar uwar da shuka shi a ƙasa.
Wani nisa kuke shuka strawberries?
Idan ka yanke shawara don noma strawberries a kan shafinka, ya kamata ka fara tare da ingantaccen dasa wannan gonar lambu. Don ƙayyade nisa don dasa shukin strawberry, zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin dasawa:
- daban girma bushes. Hanyar yana da wuyar aiki, nisa tsakanin launuka daga 40 zuwa 60 cm;
- saukowa a jere. Wannan hanya yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamakon, tsire-tsire suna girma sosai kuma suna kai 'ya'yan itace, da nisa tsakanin layuka ne 40-60 cm, tsakanin bushes 20-25 cm;
- n siment a cikin nests. Ɗaya daga cikin tsire a tsakiya, biyar ko shida a kusa da shi, tare da nesa na 5-7 cm. Nests suna da 25-35 cm baya, kuma 30-40 cm tsakanin layuka;
- safa saukowa. Mafi zaɓi mafi sauƙi, wata hanya mai yawa na overgrowth na bushes, ba ya yarda da ci gaban weeds, kasar gona za ta fi sauƙi riƙe lahi, ba tattered mustaches ƙyale shuka don yada kanta a kan shafin.
A wace irin ƙasa za ku shuka strawberries?
Akwai haɗin kai tsaye tsakanin yadda za a dasa shuki daidai, abin da abun da ke ƙasa ya fi dacewa da shi kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa na wannan amfanin gona. Mafi kyau fecundity an lura a kan chernozem, flavored tare da toka kuma a kan duhu launin toka kasa kasa, haske a cikin abun da ke ciki, haske launin toka, Turf ƙasa ne kasa m ga strawberries. Kafin dasa shuki girbi a cikin ƙasa, tabbatar cewa babu kwari, kuma idan aka samu, hallaka su. A cikin hunturu, gwada don samar da matakan tsaftace dusar ƙanƙara a kan wani wuri da aka zaɓa, a cikin idon ruwa tono sama da ƙasa da amfani da taki.
Bayan wane al'adu kuke shuka strawberries?
Ya kamata a sauya wuri na sauko da ruwan 'ya'yan itace (an yi shi a kowace shekara 3-5), don haka babban aiki na spores, wadda ke dauke da fungi na pathogenic, da ectoparasites, ba su ci gaba ba. Ya kamata a canza iri dabam, tun da parasites suna da kayan haɓakawa ga wasu nau'in, kuma tsire-tsire ba su da iko a kansu. A lokacin da ake aiwatar da dasa bishiyoyi zuwa sabon shafin, kana buƙatar la'akari da: bayan abin da amfanin gona za ka iya dasa shuki strawberries, bayan haka kuma ba a bada shawara ba.
Masana sun bayar da shawara don rarraba shafuka don strawberries, bayan sun girma:
- albasa, tafarnuwa;
- faski, Dill, seleri;
- masara, wake;
- beets, karas, radishes, letas.
Idan bayan girbi na amfanin gona da aka jera a farkon kaka don shuka shuki, sa'an nan kuma don girbi mai kyau, sa ran yana gaba. Duk da haka, akwai jerin albarkatu, bayan haka ba a bada shawara don dasa shuki strawberries, da na gaba da su ba:
- dankali da tumatir. Daga gare su, strawberries za su iya zama kamuwa da marigayi blight, waya, da kuma larvae na Colorado beetle kuma zai lalata shi. Tumatir yi ƙasa inda suke girma - m, ba yarda da strawberries;
- cucumbers, zucchini, barkono, eggplant, sunflower, Urushalima artichoke. Wadannan kayan lambu da sauri sun lalata ƙasa, madaidaiciya bayan su suna girma da rashin talauci da kuma fructifies.
Yaushe zan iya shuka strawberries?
Lokacin zabar lokacin shekara idan kana buƙatar dasa shuki strawberries, kula da layin sa da yanayin damuwa na ƙasa, lokaci mafi kyau wanda aka shuka strawberries:
- arni na karshe na Afrilu - farkon shekaru goma na watan Mayu;
- shekaru goma na Yuli - farkon shekara goma na Satumba.
Idan ka yanke shawara don dasa shuki strawberries don hunturu, to, mafi kyawun lokacin da za a shuka wannan al'ada ta al'ada shine Agusta. A wa] annan yankunan da wa] ansu dusar ƙanƙara ke da yawa, wa] anda ke da mawuyacin hali, yana da kyau don canja wurin aiwatar da fitarwa zuwa spring. Matasa harbe zasu iya girma a cikin watanni na rani, su yi girma da kuma shekara ta gaba su ba da girbi mai kyau. An kiyasta dasa shuki a matsayin mafi mahimmanci.
Yadda za a shuka strawberries a spring?
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin bazara, cika gadaje a ƙarƙashinsa daga fall, cire shingen ƙasa, kawar da weeds. Shirya seedlings ta hanyar "hardening" shi da zalunta shi da stimulants . Dasa tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa, kallo don zurfin zurfin dasa, da mahimmancin ci gaba (zuciya) ya kamata a kai tsaye sama da ƙasa. Bayan kafa daji a cikin rami, yayyafa shi, a hankali ƙara ruwa. Saukowa a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa mai yiwuwa zai yiwu a lokacin da zafin jiki na nuna alamar ba kasa da + 6-8 ° C.
Yaushe ya dasa shuki a cikin fall?
Kwanci, mutane da yawa suna la'akari da lokacin shekara idan ya fi kyau dasa shuki strawberries, saboda da farkon lokacin rani, ƙananan za su ba da girbi mai kyau. Yadda za a dasa shuki a cikin kaka a kaka, a wane lokaci ya dogara da sake zagayowar yanayi na musamman da yanayin yanayi na yankin. Tsarin tsire-tsire na strawberries, dangane da tsawon lokaci, an raba zuwa kashi uku, wanda aka fi sani dashi na farko:
- farkon kaka, daga Agusta 15 zuwa Satumba 15;
- tsakiyar kaka, daga tsakiyar Satumba zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba;
- Late kaka, seedlings ana shuka su ne kwanaki 20-30 kafin farkon farkon sanyi.
Menene za'a iya dasa tare da strawberries?
Wasu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba sa haɗuwa gefe ɗaya. A cikin jerin abin da ba za a iya dasa kusa da strawberries, kabeji da horseradish iya shigar. Tsarin kwayoyi cikin sharuddan zabar maƙwabta ba su da kyau sosai, suna da abokai da mutane da yawa, alal misali, zaka iya jagoranci:
- irises, rhododendrons, clematis, marigolds, calendula, jasmine. Kusa da wadannan furanni da shrubs strawberry ne kasa da kusantar cutar, karin girbi;
- spruce, Pine, rasberi, teku-buckthorn, inabi. Yana inganta adana amfanin gona.
- mafi yawan kayan lambu da legumes (cucumbers, beets, karas, albasa, tafarnuwa, wake, wake). Karfafa ƙasa da nitrogen.
Yaya za a shuka shuki a karkashin kayan kayan murya?
Mutane da yawa lambu, koyon yadda za a shuka strawberries a cikin bazara a karkashin baƙar fata agrobiol, mafaka ga wannan hanyar, gane cewa yana da matukar amfani da dace. Strawberry, girma a ƙarƙashin murfin kayan, ba ya shan wahala daga weeds da slugs, yana da sauƙi don kulawa da karɓar albarkatu a bayan gadaje. An shirya kasar gona a gaba, da sassaƙa, da takin. Dasa tsire-tsire a karkashin agrovolokno, muna da layuka, domin kowane daji yana yin rami na 6x6 cm, 25 cm daga juna, kafafun sasanninta sunyi ciki. Bayan fitarwa, an shayar da kowane daji.