Down Ciwo na daya daga cikin mafi yawan kwayoyin cuta. Yana faruwa ko da a mataki na samuwar oocyte ko sperm ko a lokacin fuska a lokacin haɗuwa. Bugu da ƙari, yaron yana da karin karfin jiki na 21st kuma a sakamakon haka, a jikin kwayoyin jiki babu 46, kamar yadda ake sa ran, amma 47 chromosomes.
Yaya za a gano rashin ciwo na Down a lokacin haihuwa?
Akwai hanyoyi da dama don gano ciwon Down a lokacin daukar ciki. Daga cikin su - hanyoyi masu banƙyama, duban dan tayi, nunawa ga ciki . Gaskiya, Down syndrome za a iya gano shi a cikin tayin kawai tare da taimakon hanyoyin ɓarna:
- wani tsinkayen halitta a cikin makonni goma sha shida - ana samun sakamakon bayan 'yan kwanaki. Duk da haka, hanya tana da haɗari saboda zai iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin kashi 3% na lokuta;
- placentocentosis a makonni 13-18 - za a gaya maka bayan 'yan kwanaki. Haɗarin rikitarwa abu ɗaya ne - 3-4% na lokuta ya ƙare cikin rashin kuskure;
- amniocentesis a makonni 17-22 - a cikin wannan yanayin hadarin rashin zubar da ciki shine kimanin kashi 0.5%;
- Cordocentesis a makonni 21-23 - 1-2% na lokuta ya ƙare a cikin ɓarna.
Idan a gano lokacin ciwon Down syndrome, zai yiwu a dakatar da ciki har zuwa makonni 22.
Hakika, haɗarin rashin haɗari maras kyau - rashin kyauta mai ban sha'awa ga amincin, musamman ma idan ya bayyana cewa jariri ya dace. Sabili da haka, ba duka an warware su ba saboda irin wannan magudi. Tare da wasu mahimmanci na yiwuwa, Down syndrome za a iya hukunci ta sakamakon sakamakon nazarin duban dan tayi.
Duban dan tayi na tayin tare da ciwo na Down
Kwayar cututtuka na Down ta ciwo a cikin tayi a lokacin haihuwa yana da wuyar ganewa tare da taimakon duban dan tayi, tun da irin wannan binciken ya ba da damar ƙayyade da ƙananan ƙarfin amintacce amma a bayyane yake akwai mummunan cututtukan anatomical. Duk da haka, akwai alamun alamun da likita zasu iya ɗauka cewa tayin yana da karin samfurori. Kuma idan a cikin binciken jarrabawar tayin yana da alamun Down syndrome, ƙididdigar su ta ƙaddamar zai taimaka wajen haɗakar hoto mai haɗaka da kuma tabbatar da abin da zai faru.
Don haka, wadannan siffofin sun hada da:
- ƙaddamar da sararin samaniya (babban kauri na ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifa ko haɗuwa da ruwa mai rufi a baya na wuyan tayin). Yawanci, wannan saiti bai kamata ya wuce 2.5 mm ba don nazarin farji da 3 mm don jarraba ta cikin bango na ciki. Irin wannan binciken ana gudanar da shi a makonni 10-13;
- tsawon ƙashi na hanci na tayin - an ƙaddara shi a karo na biyu. Hypoplasia na ƙasusuwa na hanci yana cikin kowace jariri na biyu tare da Down syndrome;
- ƙarar mahaifa;
- rage maxillary kashi;
- matsakaicin tachycardia (fiye da 170 beats a minti daya);
- cin zarafin yaduwar cutar jini a cikin layin da ke ciwo.
Idan ka sami daya ko fiye alamun a kan duban dan tayi, wannan ba yana nufin kimanin kashi dari na haihuwar yaro tare da Down's syndrome. Ana ba da shawara ka sha daya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje da aka bayyana a sama, lokacin da mace ta cikin bango na ciki tana ɗaukan kwayoyin halitta.
Duban dan tayi ya fi dacewa a kan tsawon makonni 12-14 - a wannan lokaci malamin zai iya ƙayyade ƙimar ƙimar da kuma taimakawa wajen ɗaukar matakan da suka dace.
Nunawa don Down syndrome - fassarar
Wata hanya na gano Down syndrome a ciki shine jarrabawar jini na jini game da mace mai ciki da aka ɗauka daga jikin. Tattaunawa ga mata masu juna biyu ga ciwon Down ya hada da ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa a cikin jini na alfa-fetoproteins da hormone hCG.
Alfafetoprotein wata sunadaran gina jiki ne mai samar da hanta na fetal. Yana shiga cikin jinin mace ta hanyar ruwa. Kuma matakin ƙananan gina jiki zai iya nuna ci gaban Down syndrome. Zai zama mafi kyau don yin wannan bincike a gwargwadon makonni 16-18.