Ɗaya daga cikin wurare mafi muhimmanci a fagen ilimin kimiyya shine bambancin ilimin kimiyya, kuma ya bayyana kwanan nan. Yana da alaka da wasu rassan wannan kimiyya, amma har da ilimin zamantakewa, falsafar da psychophysiology. Tare da taimakonsa, ana bambanta bambance-bambance na mutane da kuma hanyoyi na ganewar asali.
Menene bambancin nazarin ilimin ilimin kimiyya?
Sashen kimiyya da ke nazarin siffofi daban-daban tsakanin mutane da dama daban-daban da kungiyoyi ana kiranta bambancin ra'ayi. Tare da taimakonsa akwai tsarin tsarin bambance-bambance daban-daban da hanyoyi na ƙaddarar su. Yana taimaka wajen tantance bambance-bambance a wurare da dama. Masanin kimiyya na farko da ya fara gudanar da bincike a cikin wannan batu shine William Stern. Abubuwa biyu masu mahimmanci na ilimin kimiyya daban-daban: ganewa na bambancin mutum da kuma bayanin yadda suka ci gaba.
A halin yanzu, wannan kimiyya tana hulɗar da halayyar dabi'ar mutum da ke tattare da mutumtaka, ruhaniya, hangen zaman gaba, al'amuran fahimtar kai da dabi'ar hali. Kowace shekara, kammalawa da ci gaba da hanyoyi daban-daban da kuma hanyoyin da za su iya gane mutumin da siffofinsa an yi. Ilimin kimiyya daban-daban na yau da kullum yana amfani da kayan aiki na ilmin lissafi.
Ilimin haɓaka daban - hanyoyin
Ana amfani da dama dabaru daban-daban, wanda aka raba su da yawa zuwa kungiyoyi da yawa. Za'a iya kiran dukkanin hanyoyin kimiyya da gyare-gyaren wasu fasaha masu amfani waɗanda ake amfani da su a wasu wurare. Sun hada da lura, gwaje-gwajen da kuma samfurin. Ƙungiyar ta biyu ita ce hanyoyin kimiyya na bambancin ra'ayi, wanda ake nufi don ƙayyade abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli da kuma haɓaka a wasu bambancin fasali.
Misali na gaba shine wakiltar hanyoyin tarihi da aka tsara don nazarin mutane da al'amuran da suka dace da suka zama tushen su don samun ruhaniya. Ƙungiya ta ƙarshe ita ce hanya ta tunani, wanda ke da maƙasudin tushe domin kula da wannan jagorancin ilimin halin mutum. Sun hada da hanyoyin da za su iya fahimta: a baya, psychophysiological, zamantakewar zamantakewar jiki, shekaru-psychological da psychosemantic.
Dangantakar halayyar mutum - hali
Akwai masana'antu da dama da ke kula da ayyukansu a kan ilimin wasu yankunan. Harkokin tunanin mutum daban-daban na nazarin bambance-bambance tsakanin mutane, abubuwan da suka haifar da sakamakon. Hanyar hanyoyin nazarin shine gwaje-gwaje wanda zai taimaka mana mu auna matakin bunkasa abubuwan mallakar mutum. Bayan irin wannan ra'ayi a matsayin mutum akwai wasu kyawawan dabi'un da ke halayyar kowane mutum, kuma ya bambanta nau'i uku: halin hali, yanayin da kwarewa, irin su fahimta, motsa jiki, buƙata da kuma nagarta.
Wani muhimmin halayyar mutum shine dabi'arsa ga jama'a da kuma alhakin da ake gudanarwa. An bayyana ta hanyar fahimtar zumuntar su da haɓakawa. Ba a haife mutum ba tare da ƙwarewa, bukatu, hali da sauran halaye ba, kamar yadda aka kafa su a cikin rayuwar, amma tare da wasu ka'idodi na halitta.
Ilimin haɓaka daban-daban - ikon
Halin halayyar mutum ɗaya na mutum yana yawan kira. Su ne ka'idodin aikin ci gaba na ayyukan daban-daban. Ana iya iya iya yin amfani da ilimin kimiyya daban-daban ta hanyar halaye masu dacewa. Ka ba su halaye da yawa, wato, daɗin magana. Abubuwan da suka shafi farko sun nuna nau'i na iya zama nau'i biyu:
- Janar . Bayyana tsarin tsarin mutum wanda yake da mahimmanci ga sanin ilimin da kuma yin aiki daban.
- Musamman . An yi amfani da shi don bayyana abubuwan mallakar mutum, wanda zai yiwu ya isa wasu wurare a wurare daban-daban.
Game da dabi'u masu yawa, an ƙayyade su ta hanyar mataki na bayyana damar. Ana gwada gwaje-gwaje da kuma gwaje-gwaje don auna su. Aiwatar da wannan masana'antu don bayyana irin wannan ma'auni: irin tsarin tsarin da nau'in aikin. Wani muhimmin bangare na tsarin fasahar shine kayan aiki da kuma ayyukan da za a aiwatar.
Sanin ka'idoji a cikin ilimin kimiyya daban-daban
Sharuɗɗa sun ba ka damar fahimtar batun, da nuna wasu daga cikin nuances. Tsarin al'ada shi ne mahimmanci, kuma ana iya ganin shi ne manufa, domin ƙayyadaddun tsari na wani abu mai gudana. Akwai ma'anoni daban-daban na wannan ra'ayi, wanda ya dace da yawan abubuwan mamaki. Sha'anin ilimin kimiyya na bambancin ra'ayi ya haifar da zamantakewar zamantakewar zamantakewa, don haka idan yanayin mutum bai dace da canons ba, to amma an gane shi azama ne. Kullum ana sabunta al'amuran da aka canza.