Ba za ku iya tunanin irin nau'o'in kwayoyin ba. Kwararru don saukakawa sun yanke shawarar rarraba su duka zuwa manyan kungiyoyi biyu: kwayoyin cutar giraguwa da kwayoyin cuta. Dabbobi daban-daban masu cutarwa kamar yadda Gram yayi. Ka'idar wannan hanya ta dogara ne akan ƙwayar kwayoyin da wani abu na musamman.
Babban nau'ikan kwayoyin Gram-tabbatacce
Gram-tabbatacce ne wadanda kwayoyin cutar da cewa, bayan tacewa bisa ga Gram hanya, zama duhu-¬ violet. Suna rayuwa da kuma haifuwa a cikin yanayi, kwayoyin dabbobi da mutane. Kamar sauran kwayoyin kwayoyi, wakilan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu suna iya zama tare tare da mutum, ba tare da cutar da shi ba, muddin an hana su haifuwa da karfi mai karfi. Da zarar kwayoyin cututtuka zasu iya samun damar yin ninka, za su yi amfani da shi.
Kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta sun hada da irin wannan nau'in:
- staphylococci;
- mycobacteria;
- Listeria;
- peptococci;
- Alamar aiki;
- bacilli;
- Tsari;
- streptococci ;
- lactobacilli da sauransu.
Wasu daga cikin su a cikin smears an kwatanta su ne kamar kwayoyin anaerobic na kwayoyin cutar. Wadannan kwayoyin halittu sun bambanta da gaskiyar cewa suna da ikon rayuwa inda ba a samar da oxygen ba. Amma a cikin iska mai iska sun mutu kusan nan take. Wasu mambobi ne na rukuni na kwayoyin Gram-Gram-tabbatacce suna iya samar da su (alal misali, clostridia).
Jiyya na cututtuka da cutar kwayoyin cutar ta Gram-positive
Nan da nan an fara gwagwarmayar kwayoyin cuta, da sauri, ba tare da tsoro ba kuma yadda ya kamata. Kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, za a iya daukar nauyin tasiri sosai kawai hanyar magani, ciki har da maganin rigakafi. Wadannan kwayoyin sun taimaka wajen halakar da dukkan kwayoyin cuta kuma su sake dawowa jiki bayan abubuwan da suka faru.
Kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin zazzafan kwayoyin za su iya warkewa ta hanyar wannan hanyar:
- beta-lactams;
- macrolides ;
- oxazolidinones da sauransu.
Babban matsalar shi ne cewa kwayoyin sun koyi yadda zasu dace da mafi yawan magunguna. Sabili da haka, maganin rigakafi don wasu daga cikin kwayoyin halitta su yi aiki daina. Yau, ci gaba da bunkasa sababbin kwayoyi suna gudana. Daga cikin mafi yawan kayan aikin zamani:
- Daptomycin;
- Kayan aiki;
- Tajciclin.