Tarihin noma na orchids yana da shekaru fiye da daya, amma sun zama sanannun Turai game da kimanin shekaru 200 da suka shude. Kwanan nan, waɗannan ƙawata sun daina zamawa da damuwa da kuma matsalolin da muke ciki. Don jin dadi mai kyau, kana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa, ciki har da gyare-gyaren lokaci na orchids.
Orchid - dasawa da kulawa a gida
Don ko wata orchid ba za ta bushe a cikin yanayin wani ɗaki na al'ada ba, dole ne ya haifar da yanayi wanda yake kusa da ita ga wuraren da yake ciki:
- Haskewa. Rashin hasken hasken rana yakan haifar da konewa a kan ganye, kuma rashin haske ya jawo hankalinsu da rashin furanni. Zaɓin mafi kyau - haskaka haske don 10-12 hours a rana.
- Jika da shan sha'anin mulki. Orchids yana buƙatar mai yawa danshi, kada ku jure wa ta wuce haddi. Ya kamata a yi amfani da ruwa a matsayin tushen da ya bushe, don haka ruwa ba zai damu ba a cikin tukunyar (1 lokaci kowane kwana 2 a lokacin rani da sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 7 a cikin hunturu). Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwa mai laushi (tsaye ko Boiled) nauyin digiri fiye da yanayin zafi.
- Temperatuwan. Bisa ga tsarin zafin jiki, kochids suna da nau'i uku: yanayin sanyi, matsakaici-zafi, thermophilic. Dukansu suna ci gaba sosai a yanayin zafi daga +18 zuwa + 27 ° C a rana kuma daga +13 zuwa +24 ° C. Don flowering, bambanci tsakanin dare da rana yanayin zafi shine 5-7 ° C.
- Rashin iska. Samar da samun iska mai mahimmanci yana taimakawa da gurasar bisa kan hawan bishiyoyin coniferous ko cocon coir. A tsawon lokaci, abubuwan da aka gyara sun kwarara daga ruwa da kuma rashin karfin iska. Sabili da haka, ana buƙatar ingancin ingancin kowace shekara 2-2.5.
Anyi shinge Orchid kamar haka:
- An shuka shuki sosai, sa'an nan kuma an cire shi daga cikin tukunya tare da dunƙule.
- Ana tsabtace roba daga matashi, cire dukkan matakai na banza tare da wuka mai kaifi.
- Yi hankali a wanke tushen tsarin a karkashin rafi na dumi ruwa, bushe, yayyafa yankakken tare da gurasar mur.
- Kafa wani orchid a shirye (disinfected da tare da Layer na magudi a kan kasa) tukunya da kuma a hankali zuba cikin substrate, tabbatar da cewa wuyansa wuyansa ba binne.
Mene ne ya kamata ya kasance tukwane don orchids?
A yawancin jinsunan orchids, tsarin photosynthesis ya faru ba kawai a cikin sakon ba, amma har ma a cikin ɓangare. Gilashin fili na kochids ba zane mai zane ba ne, sune ainihin mahimmancin lafiyar lafiya da cikewar wadannan tsire-tsire. Bugu da ƙari don samar da damar da ba a shiga ba zuwa ga hasken rana, wani akwati don bunkasa wani orchid ya kamata a sami ramuka don tsabtace ruwan sama, ya zama barga kuma tabbatar da sanyawa kyauta ga tsarin tushen.
Zaɓin tukunya mai kyau don yin shuka orchid, yana da ma'ana don ba da fifiko ga samfurori. Suna janyo hankalin ba kawai dimokuradiyya ba, amma har ma, idan ya cancanta, yana da sauƙi don ƙarin ramuka don malalewa a cikin filastik ko kuma yanke katako tare da almakashi don tushen su balaga ba tare da lalacewa ba lokacin da ake canzawa orchids. Amma tukwane na gilashi, ko da yake sun wuce haske sosai, suna taimakawa wajen damuwa da ruwa da lalacewar asalinsu.
Magani don orchids
Tsarin mai sauƙi na kowane nau'in orchids ba tare da jurewa ruwa ba. Don tabbatar da fitar da ruwa da kuma samun iska zuwa kasan akwati wanda aka sanya dashi, an gyara magudanar: shards daga tukwane mai yumbu, wani kwanciyar hankali na yumbu mai yalwata. Mafarin gyaran ruwa ya rufe shi da wani haushi kuma kawai sai an dasa asalin shuka a cikin tukunya.
Orchid - ƙasa don dasawa
Ba a iya yin gyare-gyaren orchid mai kyau ba tare da gilashi na musamman don tukunya ba. Zaɓan abin da ƙasa za ta yi amfani da shi lokacin da kake canza wani orchid, yana da daraja ba da fifiko ga kayan ado na musamman da aka shirya don shiryawa ko shirya kayan da ke kan kanka daga hawan itacen, zai fi dacewa daga itatuwan coniferous. Don hana kwari daga shiga gidan, dole ne a ƙone a cikin tanda kafin amfani. Bayan haka, haushi yana yaduwa a cikin takalmin ruwa don orchids na tsawon sa'o'i 5-6, sa'an nan kuma gauraye da peat da gansakuka.
Tsarin Orchid a lokacin flowering
Gudun ruwa yana buƙatar kudaden abinci mai mahimmanci daga kowane shuka. Sabili da haka, ƙaddamar da orchid yana iya haifar da mutuwarsa - furen da aka raunana ba shi da ƙarfin farkawa. Sake gyara zuwa sabon wurin zama a wannan lokacin ba'a bada shawarar kuma zai yiwu ne kawai idan akwai gaggawa (rashin lafiya, lalata tushen, lalacewar tukunya). Gyara wani orchid a lokacin flowering yana buƙatar ƙarin matakan: ƙwarewa ta jiki (calcining) daga cikin tukunya da kuma substrate, pruning na peduncle, m handling da tushen tsarin.
Orchid dashi a cikin hunturu
A cikin hunturu, dukkanin matakai na ayyuka masu muhimmanci a cikin wakilan flora suna da jinkirin ragewa. Farfadowa bayan da aka dasa hunturu ya fi tsanani kuma ya fi tsawo a lokacin bazara ko lokacin kaka. Idan babu wani abu mai hadarin gaske na rayuwa (lalata, cutar), to, ya fi kyau a dakatar da dashi har sai bazara. Ana yin gyaran orchids a cikin hunturu a gida an yi daidai da ka'idodin guda kamar lokacin flowering.
Orchid kula bayan dashi
Ana buƙatar magani na yau da kullum, orchid bayan dasawa ya zama ainihin "touchy". Nan da nan bayan motsawa zuwa wani sabon tukunya, har sai microdamage a kan asalinsu ya warkar, ta kasada kasancewa wanda aka cutar da cututtuka na fungal ko rot. Har ila yau lalacewa ta iya zama matsanancin bushewa na iska, hasken rana, hasken rana da sauyin yanayi na kwatsam. Sabili da haka, kwanakin farko bayan dasawa ya faru, dole ne a gudanar da orchid a cikin ɗaki mai dumi da matsanancin zafi.
Ban ruwa na orchids bayan dasawa
Kwana goma kochid yana da ikon yin rayuwa a cikin danshi, wadda aka adana a cikin maɓallin. Wannan lokaci ya zama dole, cewa tushen tsarin lalace a yayin hijirar yana da lokacin da za a sake dawowa kuma babu mahaukaci sun shiga cikinsa. Ana buƙatar cikakken watering bayan an cire dashi orchid don a yi a ranar 10-14. Kafin wannan, injin zai iya rage yawan rashin ruwa ta hanyar yin amfani da ruwa mai dumi da ruwa.
Me yasa yarin orchid ya fade bayan dashi?
Dalilin da ya sa kyakkyawan orchid ya zama sluggish da wrinkled iya zama da yawa:
- overheating ko tushen lalacewa;
- cin zarafin shan shara;
- ƙasa mara kyau;
- wuce gona da yawa.
Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa cututtukan orchid ke fama da rashin lafiya bayan da aka dasa ba haka ba ne mai sauƙi, domin a wannan lokacin da shuka yana cikin wata kasa mai rauni da kuma raunana. Ayyukan reanimation masu zuwa zasu taimaka don ajiye mafiya so:
- Mun aika tukunya na tsawon sa'o'i a cikin dakin sanyi (+ 13-15 ° C). Wannan zai taimaka wajen jimrewar ƙwaƙwalwar zafi kuma ya tsara yanayin canja wurin zafi na shuka.
- Bayan wuri mai sanyi da tukunya a cikin akwati da ruwa mai tsanani zuwa + 35 ° C kuma bar shi da yawa har sai an shayar da substrate.
- Bari mu ɗiba da ruwa mai yawa, kuma yayin da yake gudana, muna shirya ruwan zafi daga atomizer. Bayan haka, a hankali ka shafa ganye tare da zane mai laushi mai laushi har sai bushe.
- Mun sanya tukunyar orchid a cikin dakin da zafin jiki na + 18-22 ° C, mai haske, amma ba tare da hadarin hasken rana kai tsaye a kan ganyayyaki ba.
Idan wasu 'yan kwanaki bayan yin aikin farfadowa, farfasa ba sa saya santsi lafiya da haɓaka, sake maimaita sauyawa na orchid ya zama dole. Mafi mahimmanci tushen tsarin ya zama wanda aka yi masa rauni ko kuma ƙasa mai yawa ba ya ƙyale shi numfashi sosai. Yayin da ake dasawa, dukkanin kayan ajiya da ƙasa dole ne a tsabtace su sosai, sa'an nan kuma sanya tsire a cikin "carantine" - dakin da yanayin ciwon sanyi da zafi.
Me ya sa orchid ba ya fure bayan dasawa?
Tsarin dashi zuwa sabon tukunya ya ci nasara kuma an gaji dabbar da ci gaba da cigaba da greenery na ganye, amma ba tare da buds ba. Yaushe lokacin da orchid yayi girma bayan dasawa? Kammala sabuntawa da asali ba zai faru ba a baya fiye da watanni 6-7. Har zuwa wannan lokaci, injin zai jagoranci dukkanin dakarun zuwa girma daga tushen da kuma koreren duhu, sannan sai kawai zai ci gaba da samuwar peduncle. Dole ne a sadu da wadannan yanayi:
- Bambanci tsakanin dare da rana yanayin zafi ba kasa da 5 ° C;
- raguwa na ban ruwa tare da karuwan spraying;
- haske haskakawa 12 hours a rana.