Menene basira da basira a cikin ilimin halayyar mutum?

Menene basira, mutane sunyi mamaki na dogon lokaci. Wadansu suna ganin shi kyauta ce daga Allah, kuma wani yana ganin kyauta a sakamakon aikin da yayi aiki da kansa. Shin yana yiwuwa a samar da wasu kwarewa kuma a menene kyautar mutum ta dogara?

Talent - mece ce?

Talent yana nufin wani abu a cikin mutum tun lokacin haihuwa. Suna ci gaba tare da sayen kwarewa, kuma suna jagorancin hanya mai kyau, samar da fasaha. Wannan kalma ta fito ne daga Sabon Alkawali kuma yana nufin kyautar Allah, ikon yin wani sabon abu da na musamman. Don sanya shi kawai, yana da ikon mutum na yin wani abu mafi alhẽri daga wasu. Yaushe kuma ta yaya aka nuna basira?

1. Mutum zai iya zama kyauta daga haihuwa kuma ya nuna alamominsa daga ƙuruciya (misali mai mahimmanci shine Mozart).
2. Mutum na iya bayyana kansa a cikin girma, kamar Van Gogh ko Gauguin.

Talent in Psychology

Kwararrun mutane sunyi la'akari da ilimin halayyar mutum kamar haɗuwa da kwarewa. Menene basira, wanda aka kwatanta sosai a cikin karni na XIX, 'yar siyasa Carlo Dossi, yana daidai da sassan:

• ilmantarwa;
• ƙwaƙwalwa;
• za.

Duk da haka, masana kimiyya sunyi iƙirarin cewa irin wannan fasahar ba shi da basira ba, koda kuwa an bayyana shi. An tabbatar da hakan ta hanyar nazarin mutanen da ke da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar zuciya, wanda aka gudanar a farkon rabin karni na 20 ta hanyar ƙungiyar masana kimiyya ta Moscow. Kwarewar ƙwarewar kwarewa na batutuwa ba su samo aikace-aikace a kowane yanki na aiki ba. Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka sami nasara, amma ƙananan ci gaban fasaha ya dogara da tunanin, son, bukatu da halaye na mutum .

Shin dukkan mutane suna da basira?

Daga cikin malamai da masu sukar, jayayya game da abin da gwaninta yake da shi ko kuma yana da mahimmanci a cikin dukkan mutane ba su rage. A nan ra'ayoyin suna rarraba cikin ƙananan ra'ayoyin:

1. Kowane mutum yana da basira, saboda kowane mutum yana da kyau a wani yanki. Zaka iya amfani da hanyoyinka na musamman don yin amfani da kwarewar kwarewa da kuma inganta su tare da taimakon kayan aiki.
2. Gaskiya shine yawan zaɓaɓɓu, hasken Allah, wanda ya faru da wuya kuma babu shakka.
3. Kowace ƙwarewa aiki ne mai wuyar gaske da kuma ayyukan yau da kullum. Ayyukan mutum na nuna kansu a lokaci, zo da kwarewa.

Alamun mutum mai basira

Akwai alamu da dama na mutumin da ke da kyauta:

1. Mutane masu kirki suna da yawancin makamashi a fannonin su na sha'awar kuma ra'ayoyin sun rufe su duk rana.
2. Mutanen da aka ba da kyauta sune gabatarwa da kuma fitarwa.
3. An bayyana bambancin mutane masu basira a cikin gaskiyar cewa suna da mutuntaka kuma suna da karfin zuciya a lokaci guda.
4. Domin kare kanka da ƙaunataccen, waɗannan mutane suna shirye su sadaukar da ayyukansu.
5. Mutane marasa daidaituwa ba a koyaushe suna ba da kyauta a duk yankuna, kuma sau da yawa a kowane ɗaya. Bai kamata mutum ya dame shi ba, domin a cikin akwati na biyu an dauke mutum a cikin duk wuraren. A wasu kalmomi, fasaha shine matsayi mafi mahimmanci na bayyane na nuna hali.

Menene basira akwai?

Masana kimiyya suna ba da wasu nau'o'in basira, dangane da nau'in hankali:

• harsunan harshe (masu mallaki harshe, 'yan jarida, marubuta da lauyoyi suna mallakan su);
• dabaru-ilmin lissafi (masana lissafi, masana kimiyya);
• mawaƙa (masu kida, masu kida, masu ilimin harshe);
• sararin samaniya (gine-gine, masu zane-zane, masu zane-zane);
• jiki-kinesthetic (dancers, 'yan wasan);
• yan adawa ('yan siyasa,' yan wasan kwaikwayo, masu gudanarwa, masu cin kasuwa);
• motsin rai, ko kuma wanda ba zai iya ba (wanda ke cikin dukkan ayyukan sana'a, wannan shine abin da mutum yayi game da kansa);
• Har ila yau, akwai wani basira mara kyau wanda mutum yayi tunani ko hankali ba ya bunkasa, wani lokacin saboda rashin amincewar kansa, wani lokaci - saboda tsoro na fita daga yankin mai jin dadi.

Yadda za a zama basira?

Miliyoyin hankalinsu suna ƙoƙari su gano yadda za su gane ƙwarewarsu. Bayyanawa da kwarewar kwarewa yana haifar da ganewar kwarewa, tarawar kwarewa da cikakken amfani. Matakai na bayyanawa na kwararrun ƙwarewa kamar haka:

1. Kafin ka fahimci basirarka, mutum yana jin damuwarsa ga wasu wurare: yana sha'awar labarai game da wannan yanki, ya tara ilimi, tattara kayan aiki.
2. Matsalar zurfafawa a cikin batun, ƙoƙari na kwafin ayyukan sauran mutane.
3. Ƙoƙari don ƙirƙirar wani abu na musamman, na musamman. Idan ana haifar da abubuwan marubucin wannan matsala ko ra'ayoyin da ba a san su ba, yana nufin cewa an haife gwaninta.
4. Yin amfani da ƙwarewar ƙwarewar da aka gano.

Yadda za a tayar da yaro mai basira?

Yayinda yaron ya kasance mai basira ya dogara ga iyayensa. Lokacin da manya ke kokarin magance 'ya'yansu a matsayin ci gaba da kansu, suna bukatar da yawa kuma suna ba da halayya masu tsanani. Sai yaron bai ci gaba ba kuma bai samar da bukatunsa ba, amma yana cikar mafarkai marasa cikas da son zuciyarsa da uwarsa da uba. Saboda haka, domin yaro yaro, dole ne mutum ya saurari abin da yake son shi. Tabbatar da halayen dan jariri da ya kamata a ci gaba.

Ƙasar da aka fi sani a duniya

A kokarin ƙoƙarin sanin wanda wakilin kasar ya kasance mafi yawan basirar, mutane sun jagoranci yawan gardama, musamman saboda yana da wuyar sanin ko wane ma'auni na bambanci za a iya ɗauka a matsayin tushen. Idan babban tunani shine ya dauki babban mahimmanci na kyauta, to, hukunci ta Nobel Prize laureates, mutane mafi ban mamaki a duniya suna zaune a kasashe masu zuwa:

1. Amurka - fiye da kashi uku na laureates suna zaune a cikin wannan jiha.
2. Birtaniya ta Birtaniya - kowace shekara 'yan kasar Birtaniya sun lashe zakara a kowane filin.
3. Jamus - Gidan Jamus yana ƙoƙarin kasancewa na farko a cikin dukkan abubuwa, har da a cikin binciken binciken.
4. Faransa - a fannin fasaha, wallafe-wallafe, zane-zane, wannan jihar ba ta da daidai.
5. Sweden - ta rufe saman biyar na mahaifar Alfred Nobel.

Mafi kyawun mutane na duniya

Yana da wuya a ce abin da mafi yawan mutane masu basira a duniya suke, saboda akwai nau'o'in nau'i. Duk da haka, za ka iya yin jerin sunayen mutane masu ban mamaki da suka yi daɗaɗɗa ga ci gaban ɗan adam:

1. William Shakespeare shi ne mashahurin wallafe-wallafe na duniya, mafi mawallafin marubucin Ingilishi da mawaƙi.
2. Leonardo da Vinci shine masanin fasaha mafi girma a kowane lokaci, mai wakilci mafi girma na fasahar Renaissance.
3. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe marubuci ne, marubuta, mai tunani, siyasa.
4. Isaac Newton wani likitancin Ingilishi wanda ya bunkasa ka'idar dangantakar.
5. Stephen Hawking masanin kimiyya ne, mashahuriyar kimiyya, daya daga cikin masana kimiyya mafi tasiri a zamaninmu.

Movies game da mutane masu basira

Mutane da yawa suna da sha'awar al'umma, saboda haka akwai fina-finai masu yawa game da masu fasaha, manyan masanan kimiyya, likitoci, mawallafi, marubutan da ba su iya ganewa ba. Hotuna game da basira da mutane masu ban sha'awa suna yin wahayi zuwa gare su, suna yin ƙishirwa don aiki. Za a iya raba fina-finai guda biyu zuwa kashi biyu.

Cinema, wanda ke bayyana mutanen da suke da shi a yanzu ko kuma masu basira a duniya:

• "Pianist" Roman Polanski (2002), yana kwatanta rayuwar Vladislav Shpilman;
• "Pirates na Silicon Valley" da Martin Burke (2009) game da cin nasarar duniya ta hanyar Bill Gates da Steve Jobs;
• "Ayyuka: gwajin gwaji" Joshua Michael Stern (2013);
• "The Stephen Hawking Universe" by James Marsh (2015).

Hoton fina-finai fina-finai, wanda har zuwa wasu la'akari da abin da gwaninta yake:

• "Game da Dalilin" da Ron Howard (2001);
• "Mai Cutar Zai Fyauce" by Gus Van Sent (1997);
• "Ƙanshi" na Tom Tykwer (2006);
• "The Crown Thomas Affair" by John McTiernan (1999).

Littattafai game da mutane masu basira

Akwai littattafan wallafe-wallafe mai zurfi, masu ban mamaki da labaru, game da ƙananan yara da kuma manyan mutane waɗanda suka yi aiki tukuru domin samun sanarwa da daraja:

1. Ivan Medvedev. "Bitrus I: masanin mai kyau ko mummuna na Rasha" : mai ban mamaki da rashin nuna bambanci game da wanene ainihin mutumin kirki ne.
2. Georg Brandes. "A masanin na Shakespeare. Sarki na bala'i " : cikakken bayani game da hanyar rayuwarsa da kuma kerawa da aka sadaukar da shi ga shekaru 450 na marubucin.
3. Irving Stone. "Rayuwa ga rayuwa" : labarin da ya fi shahara a rayuwar Vincent Van Gogh, ƙwaƙƙwararsa ta hanyar ƙwarewa.
4. Cesare Lambroso. "Gaskiya da lalacewa" : ainihin ra'ayi game da ilimin likitancin Italiyanci game da dabi'ar basira.
5. Kir Bulychev. "Genius da villainy" : wani labari mai ban sha'awa game da ƙoƙari na kama duniya ta wayar tarho.
6. Dina Rubina. "Handwriting Leonardo" : labarin game da mace mai ban mamaki wanda ya ƙi kyautar samaniya kuma yana so ya zama talakawa.

Ayyukan da suka ambaci wasu mutane masu ban mamaki suna taimaka wa mutanen da basu riga sun bunkasa halayensu ba, suna neman kansu, suna tayar da kansu, suna fita daga yankin ta'aziyya, sun sami ra'ayi wanda zai kama hankali da ayyukan kuma yafi sanin tarihin duniya. Yana da amfani don fahimtar wasu ayyukan da aka tura. Ko da don manufofin ci gaban gaba.