Ƙasa don seedlings - hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa don shirya cakuda

Domin tsaba suyi girma, yana da muhimmanci a zabi iri mai kyau don seedlings, wanda dole ne ya cika yawan bukatun. A cikin ɗakunan ajiya, zaka iya saya shirye-shirye masu shirye-shirye ko yi duk abin da ka mallaka, haɗa nau'ukan daban-daban. Ga kowane al'ada akwai zažužžukan.

Wanne ƙasa don seedlings ne mafi alhẽri?

Kyakkyawan ƙasar don bunkasa kowane shuka yana da muhimmancin gaske, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci a zabi shi bisa ga wasu bukatun.

1. Yana da mahimmanci cewa kasar gona tana da kwalliya, da kyau a bar ruwa da iska. Ya kamata a hade abubuwan da aka hade don haka a tsawon lokacin da cakuda ba ya shafa ko yaƙara, kuma lumps da crusts ba su samar da su ba. Matsakaici na duniya don seedlings kada ya ƙunshi yumbu, saboda zai sa cakuda mara dace don girma tsire-tsire ba.
2. Babban muhimmancin shine haihuwa, wato, ya kamata a sami abubuwa masu yawa da kuma hadaddun ma'adanai a cikin abun da ke ciki.
3. A cikin kasa kada a sami kwayoyin halitta, cututtuka na fungi, qwai na kwari, tsaba na tsire-tsire, amma bazai zama cikakke ba. Babban muhimmancin shine samuwa mai amfani da microflora, in ba haka ba zai yiwu yayi girma ba.
4. Ƙasa don seedlings kada ta zama mai guba, wato, abun da ke ciki ya kamata ba dauke da salts na ƙananan karafa ba, radionuclides da wasu abubuwa masu cutarwa.
5. Yana da mahimmanci muyi la'akari da cewa ƙungiyoyin kwayoyin halittu bayan hadawa ba kamata su yi sauri su sauka ba. In ba haka ba, tsaba zasu halaka kawai.
6. Ƙasar da aka yi amfani da ita bai zama ko acidic ko alkaline ba. Ƙididdigar acidity shine iyakar 6.5-6.7 pH. Irin waɗannan dabi'u suna kusa da dabi'un tsaka tsaki.

Yadda za a shirya kasar gona don seedlings?

Duk da cewa ko ƙasar ta kasance ta kanta ko saya, ana bada shawarar cewa ta kasance a shirye. Lokacin yin amfani da abubuwa daban-daban, ya kamata a siffa su (mafi yawa zuwa ƙasa da yashi). Masana sun ce shirye-shirye na kasar gona don seedlings ya kamata hada da decontamination daga pathogens, larvae da qwai. Kowane zaɓi na yanzu yana da amfani da rashin amfani, kuma hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa sun hada da:

1. Tsayar. Wata guda kafin dasa shuki na tsaba, riƙe ƙasa a cikin wanka na ruwa na awa 2-3. Yana da muhimmanci a rufe rufe tare da ƙasa.
2. Calcination. Ana ajiye ƙasa don rabin sa'a a cikin tanda a zafin jiki na 90 ° C.
3. Daskarewa. Tun lokacin kaka, wajibi ne a shirya ƙasa don seedlings, barin shi a kan titin, ya rufe shi, saboda haka ba zai sami hazo ba. Ɗaya daga cikin watan kafin amfani, dole ne a kawo ƙasar a cikin gidan, mai tsanani, tare da sauran kayan kuma an sake kawo shi zuwa sanyi.

Ƙasa abun da ke ciki don seedlings

Yawancin lambu sun fi son sayen ƙasa a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki, amma ya fi dacewa don yin shi da kansa. Akwai abubuwa uku masu muhimmanci: leafy ko turfy ƙasa, kogin yashi da kuma peaty ƙasa don seedlings, alal misali, humus ko takin . Kamar yadda ƙarin kayan aiki, zaka iya amfani da sawdust, ash, fiber na kwakwa, gansakuka, alli, ma'adinai na ma'adinai, lemun tsami da sauransu. Ana hade nau'in nau'in albarkatu daban-daban a cikin nau'i daban daban.

Ƙasa zazzabi don seedlings

Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa yawan iska yana da mahimmanci, amma masu nuna alamar yanayin ƙasa. Ga tsire-tsire daban-daban, zazzabi zai iya bambanta, amma ana iya bambanta matsakaicin dabi'u. Kyakkyawan ƙasa ga seedlings bayan shuka ya kamata a sami zazzabi shigar da iyakar 15-25 ° C. Lokacin da harbe suka bayyana kuma ganye suka fara samuwa, dole ne a rage darajar zuwa 16 ° C. Yana da muhimmanci muyi la'akari da hakan, idan masu nuna alama suna da tsayi, to wannan zai iya sa mai tushe ya shimfiɗa.

Ƙasa don seedlings kayan lambu

Ba kome ba idan ka yi amfani da saya ko ƙasa mai haɓaka, yana da muhimmanci a tabbatar da cewa ya dace da bukatun.

1. Gano ko wane irin gona ake bukata don seedlings, yana da muhimmanci a nuna cewa ya kamata ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu muhimmanci na abinci: nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium. Idan waɗannan abubuwa zasu zama akalla 300-400 MG / l, to ba'a bada shawarar shuka tsaba a ciki ba, an yarda dashi dashi girma. Mafi yawan ƙananan ba'a yarda ba.
2. Kada kayi amfani da gonar gonar, saboda yana da nauyin da ba shi da kyau, akwai microflora pathogenic da sauran raunuka.
3. Zaka iya ɗaukar ƙasa don cacti yayi shuka, amma kar ka manta da kulawa da acidity kuma idan ya cancanci daidaita shi, alal misali, tare da dolomite gari.

Ƙasa don seedlings na cucumbers

Idan kana so ka shirya ƙasar da kanka, sai ka tuna cewa dole ne ya cika dukkan bukatun da aka ambata a sama. Zaka iya amfani da irin wannan tsari:

1. Don yin kyakkyawan ƙasa don dasa shuki kokwamba seedlings, Mix 1 ɓangare na sod ƙasar da humus. A guga na wannan cakuda, ɗauki 1 tbsp. itace ash.
2. Don zaɓuɓɓuka masu biyowa, haɗu da daidaitattun ƙasa daga gonar (wanda dole ne ya wuce matakai na shiri), sayen "duniya" ƙasa da yashi.
3. Don yin mafi kyau ƙasa ga seedlings na cucumbers, kana bukatar ka Mix 20 lita na soddy-leafy ƙasa, 200 g na biyu superphosphate, 10 g da sulfuric potassium, 80 g na ammonium nitrate da 3-4 spoons na itace ash.

Ƙasa don seedlings tumatir

Don girma mai kyau tumatir, yana da muhimmanci a shirya kasa da kyau domin seedlings kuma yi shi kwana uku kafin shuka da ake sa ran. Godiya ga wannan ƙasa don tumatir tumatir za ta zauna kuma fanko zai ɓace. Akwai hanyoyi masu dacewa da dama:

1. Gasa a ƙasa mai yawa gonar gonar, ƙasa mai laushi, yashi da humus. Dama komai. Na dabam, a cikin guga na ruwa, narke 10 g na carbamide, 30 g na superphosphate da 25 g na potassium sulfate. Sakamakon bayani ya zuba ƙasa.
2. Don girke-girke na gaba, ƙara ƙaya da yashi zuwa ƙasa maras nauyi a cikin sassan daidai. Idan babu peat, to, zaka iya amfani da ƙasa da aka saya, amma idan babu wasu samfurori a ciki, to kana buƙatar saka 0.5 l na itace ash da kuma nau'i biyu na superphosphate akan guga.
3. Zaka iya amfani da wannan ƙasa don tumatir seedlings: zuwa sassa biyu na turf ƙasa, ƙara ɓangare na humus da daidai adadin tsarkakakken kogi ko kasa. A guga na ƙãre cakuda da aka dauki 0.5 lita ash ash ash.

Kasar gona don kabeji seedlings

Don samun manyan shugabannin a nan gaba, kana buƙatar amfani da ƙasa mai kyau da tsaka tsaki. Yana da kyawawa cewa a cikin ƙasa (ƙasa) don kabeji iriwa akwai takin mai takalmi ko yashi mai laushi. Zaka iya amfani da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka:

1. Mix a daidai rabbai da sod ƙasar, humus da peat.
2. Don ci gaba, ku ɗauki kashi 5 na turf ƙasa - babban bangaren, ɓangare na ash da 1/4 na lemun tsami da yashi.
3. Akwai wani zaɓi, dace da kabeji, don haka kai kashi 3 na peat, ɓangare na turf da 1/4 na yashi.

Na farko don barkono seedling

Akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda suka dace da girma barkono, kuma daga cikinsu akwai wanda zai iya gane bambancin daidaitattun abubuwa. Ana iya amfani dashi don iri daban-daban. Don shirya cakudawar ƙasa, hada a daidai rabbai filin sod, peat da kogin yashi. Wadannan kayan da aka gabatar suna da kyau kuma sun hada guraben superphosphate da potassium sulfate, da lita 10 na ruwa da 10 grams na carbamide. Duk motsa kuma ya bar ya bushe. Gano ko wane irin kasar gona ya dace da barkono seedlings, zaka iya amfani da cakuda wanda yake daidai da peat, humus da sod sodium.

Kasar gona don kankana seedlings

Melon tsire-tsire suna da matukar damuwa ga ƙasa, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci cewa yana da kyau, haske, sako-sako da ruwa. Yana da daraja lura cewa gina jiki ƙasa don kankana seedlings iya zama daidai da zažužžukan for cucumbers. Don mai dacewa da cakuda, haɗuwa da bambancin yanayin ƙasa mai laushi, kogin yashi da humus. Don lita 10 na ƙãre ƙasa, ƙara 1 lita na itace ash. Bayan haka, ana bukatar kulawa da ƙasa kamar yadda aka nuna a sama. Don samuwar ƙasa don seedlings, la'akari da dama tips:

1. Idan ba a riga an shirya turf ƙasar ba tun lokacin kaka, to sai ku maye gurbin shi tare da saitunan kantin sayar da shirye-shiryen, amma za i zabi mai kyau.
2. Humus mai amfani yana da mahimmanci don tattake ta cikin sieve don cire rassan, pebbles da sauran ƙananan ƙwayoyin.
3. Amma ga yashi, dole ne ya zama ƙanana da tsabta. Kafin a ƙara shi a cikin ruwan ƙasa dole ne a wanke sau da yawa a cikin ruwa mai gudu.

Ƙasa don gwangwani seedlings

Girman 'ya'yan itatuwa masu yawa a shafinku ba sauki ba ne, don haka yana da muhimmanci a kula da shirye-shiryen ƙasa, wanda dole ne ya zama cikakke tare da kwayoyin. Akwai tabbatar da girke-girke yarda da gogaggen lambu. Gasa a cikin daidaitattun sararin gonar lambu, saya kasuwa da ke kan peat da kuma takin turba. A cikin cakuda za a iya sanya kadan itace ash da kogin yashi. Tabbatar da abin da ya kamata ya zama ƙasa don seedlings, kana buƙatar ƙaddamar da buƙatar ruwa da abin da ya samo asali tare da ruwan hoda mai yalwa da potassium, wanda zai tabbatar da maganin cututtuka.

Ƙasa don fure-fure

Idan makasudin ci gaba da shuka furanni mai kyau don furanni, to, duk shawarwarin akan zaɓi na ƙasa da aka gabatar a baya zai kasance dacewa a wannan yanayin. Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance sako-sako, haske da kuma haushi don ba da damar iska ta wuce ta da kyau kuma riƙe da danshi. Ya kamata a kula da bayanin da ya shafi abin da ba za a hada a cikin ƙasa don tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ba, irin su takin, ƙasa mai laushi, naman fari, shavings na bishiyoyi, hay da ƙananan peat.

A cikin kantin kayan ado, za ka iya samun babban zaɓi na hadewar ƙasa, misali, "Flora", "Land Land", "Violet" da sauransu. Zaka iya amfani da zaɓin duniya. Lokacin sayen, kula da abun da ke ciki, saboda tare da wuce haddi na na gina jiki ba zai iya ganin flowering ba. Idan a cikin ƙasa don seedlings adadin phosphorus, potassium da nitrogen suna cikin kewayon 300-400 MG / l, to ba za a iya amfani dasu ba saboda tsaba, tun da buds ba zasu samar ba.

Rufafan bishiyoyi

Don shuka tsaba da kuma daukan furanni an bada shawarar yin amfani da sabuwar ƙasa don hana kamuwa da cuta tare da microbes. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa, wanda ƙasa za ta zabi don girma seedlings asters:

1. Abu mafi sauki shine ya haɗu da kashi 1 na yashi da peat, 1 ƙara 3 sassa na turf ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a gurfanar da ƙasar.
2. Idan kuna sayen cakudon ƙasa mai sauƙi, yana da kyau a zabi zaɓi na musamman don asters. Idan ba za ka iya samun irin wannan ƙasa ba, to, ka ɗauki ƙasa don amfanin gonar furanni da kuma ƙara yashi, ka adana kashi 10: 1.
3. Akwai wani zaɓi mai dacewa da asters: Mix 4 sassa na peat, 2 sassa na gonar lambu da 1 ɓangare na yashi. Bayan wannan, sanya ash, ya ba da lita 10 na cakuda ya kamata ya adana 1 tbsp. All Mix da kyau, janye kuma ƙara 1 tbsp. Perlite, wadda za ta cire matsanancin laima kuma ta hana bushewa na ƙasa. Tabbatar ku bi da ƙasa.

Ƙasa ga Petunia seedlings

Daya daga cikin launi mafi yawan shine petunias, wanda aka wakilta a cikin launi daban-daban. Yana da muhimmanci a yi la'akari da cewa kasar gona don seedlings kada ta sami babban acidity, saboda tsaba ba zai tashi sosai ba. Za'a iya amfani da lemun tsami don neutralization. Amma ga lambobin pH don petunia, darajar ya zama kashi 5.5-6. Tsarin ƙasa mai kyau don seedlings za'a iya yin ta hannun hannu, ba da shawara:

1. Mix 1 ɓangare na yashi da gashi peat, kuma ƙara 2 sassa na loam. Idan kuna shirin shirya petunia a kan baranda, to, ku haɗa 30% na yumbu mai tsabta da 70% na fata na jan.
2. Lokacin da namo yake don dalilai ne na kasuwanci, to, yakamata a hada yashi da ganyen peat a daidai lokacin da suke amfani da su, kuma maimakon loam amfani da ɓangare na haushi da kuma irin adadin perlite.