Fruits barkono, yadda za a shuka shi a gida - ka'idodin dasa

Ya kamata a yi shuka tsaba daga cikin tsaba, da yadda za a shuka shi a gida da ka'idodin kulawa - tambayoyin da suke da ban sha'awa ga lambu mara kyau. Don dasa shuka da kyau sosai kuma ya zauna a cikin ƙasa, yana da muhimmanci don shuka tsaba a lokaci kuma yayi shi bisa ga bukatun da ake bukata.

Seedlings na barkono a gida

Kafin ka fara shuka da tsaba, kana buƙatar shirya, da farko ka zabi wani ruwan magani mai dacewa. Umurni akan yadda za a yi girma barkono barkono ya nuna cewa zaka iya yin amfani da matsakaicin kayan ajiya ta ƙara karamin adadin wanke wanke da yarinya a cikin kashi 0.5: 3. Wani zaɓi shine don yin cakuda tare da hannunka. Don yin wannan, haɗa sassa biyu na humus da peat, kuma ƙara kara yashi. Mix kome da kome, kurkura da kuma ƙone har sa'a daya a cikin tanda.

A lokacin da shuka barkono a kan seedlings?

Idan aka dasa shuka a gonar, to, lokaci mafi kyau na shuka shi ne ranar 20 ga Fabrairu, amma idan iri-iri ne da wuri, to, ya kamata a yi a farkon Maris. Wadannan sharuddan dasa shuki barkono akan seedlings suna dacewa da banduna na tsakiya. Idan kun yi niyyar bunkasa wannan kayan lambu a cikin wani greenhouse, to, tsarin ba na musamman bane, saboda yanayin yana da kyau don girma a kowane lokaci.

Shiri na barkono tsaba don dasa shuki a kan seedlings

Akwai hanyoyi da dama don shirya kayan kayan dasa kuma an bada shawara don shiga cikin matakai na gaba:

1. Calibration. Don ajiyayyu, ba a buƙatar wannan mataki, kuma waɗanda kuka tattara kanku, kun cika gilashi da ruwa, kara da shi a 1 h. Cokali na gishiri. Mix da abin da zai zo, cire. Wasu wanke.
2. Disinfection. Tsarin kayan barkono kafin shuka a kan seedlings ya hada da wannan hanya mai dacewa. Cika su da duhu fataccen bayani na potassium permanganate kuma su bar rabin sa'a.
3. Soaking. Bayan wannan, sanya kayan kayan kayan ado a kan wani yatsa mai tsummoki ko auduga na auduga don haka ya kumbura.
4. Hardening. Shirya tsaba, saka a cikin zane mai tsabta kuma aika su kwana biyu a firiji.

Yaya yadda za a shuka barkono akan seedlings?

Akwai wata hanya mai sauki game da yadda za a dasa shuki da girma sosai:

1. A cikin akwati da aka shirya, zuba cakuda da aka zaba kuma kadan daga gare shi. Daga gefen gefen gefen ɗakunan ya zama 2 cm.
2. Dasa tsire-tsire barkono a cikin bishiyoyi ana aiwatar da shi tare da masu tweezers. Yada tsaba daga matakan 1.5-2 cm.
3. Cika su da ƙasa, amma tawali'u bai kamata ya kasance sama da centimita ba. A ɗan laban kuma a zubar da hankali, ta amfani da nebulizer. Gilashi gilashin ko kunsa akwati cikin jaka don ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse. Yanayin zazzabi ya zama 25 ° C.
4. Watch don tsaftace ƙasa. Bayyana abin da ya kamata ya zama mai karfi mai shuka barkono, yadda za a shuka da shuka shi, yana da kyau ya nuna cewa bayan mako guda ya kamata a yi harbe da kuma bayan wannan akwati ya koma wuri inda haske yake kuma yawan zazzabi yana kusa da 16 ° C. Ana iya cire kunshin kuma an shayar da su lokaci-lokaci.

Kula da seedlings na barkono bayan sprouting

Akwai siffofin da dama da suka dace da kulawa da kyau na seedlings, wanda ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi domin yayi girma tsire-tsire masu kyau:

1. Barkono, abin da proklyututsya marigayi, ya fi kyau a cire, saboda za su kasance mai rauni.
2. Kula da kayan barkono yana nuna yarda da tsarin mulki. Yana da muhimmanci cewa alamun ba su fada a kasa 12 ° C, in ba haka ba seedlings zasu mutu. Kada ka sanya kwantena akan wani abu mai sanyi.
3. Tabbatar da ruwa, ta amfani da ruwa mai dumi. Dole ne kasar gona ta zama rigar rigaka kuma ta sha ruwa kamar yadda ta kafe. Ba za ku iya cika shuka ba.
4. Don girma mai kyau seedling, ta na bukatar haske. Idan bai isa ba, seedlings zasu shimfiɗa. Hasken rana ya wuce na 9-10.
5. 14 days kafin dasa a gonar, seedlings dole ne taurare. Don yin wannan, fara bude taga har tsawon sa'o'i kadan a cikin dakin inda aka dasa bishiyoyi, sa'an nan kuma kara yawan lokaci lokaci har sai an cire kwantena zuwa iska mai tsabta.
6. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine pinching (sama 4-6 internodes). Godiya ga wannan, yana yiwuwa don ƙarfafa ci gaba da asali da matakai tare da paprika ovaries gaba. Wajibi ne don gudanar da hanya a mafi yawan lokutan girma na seedlings.

Yadda za a ciyar da barkono seedlings?

A ka'idojin kulawa, dole ne a hade taki gona tare da hanyar da aka gudanar sau uku a lokacin dukan tsire-tsire. Umurni game da yadda za a kula da tsirrai barkono, yadda za'a bunkasa shi karfi, an bayyana:

1. Lokaci na farko kana buƙatar amfani da taki a mako guda, lokacin da aka kafa ganye 3-4. Tsire-tsire suna bukatar nitrogen, don haka a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, kara 1 tbsp. a spoonful na urea.
2. Matsayi na biyu na kayan ado na barkono a gida ba dole bane, kuma ku ciyar da ita makonni 2-3 bayan na farko. Taki taki iri ne.
3. Kwana hudu kafin dasawa da taki an yi amfani dashi, wanda a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kara 1 tbsp. a spoonful na urea da kuma kamar yadda superphosphate .

Yadda za a tara barkono a kan seedlings?

Don shuka tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba tare da wannan hanya ba da wuya, kuma yalwata bushes bayan da aka samu biyu na gangami. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan yana faruwa a wata bayan fitowar sprouts. Ruwa da barkono seedlings ne da za'ayi bisa ga wadannan makirci:

1. Sa'a daya kafin hanya, kana buƙatar ruwa ya fito da kyau. Water ya kamata a irrigated da kasar gona da seedlings za a transplanted.
2. Lokacin da ruwa ya rushe, yi rami. Bayan haka, a hankali kuyi shuka don kaucewa cutar da shi.
3. Don girma shuke-shuke da kyau, zurfafa su zuwa ga ganye cotyledonous. Gasa ƙasa.
4. A cikin akwati ya kamata a saka a kan guda biyu. Zuba barkono da kuma sanya seedlings akan windowsill. Kare shi daga hasken hasken rana.

Cututtuka na barkono seedlings

Idan ba daidai ba ne don girma da kuma kula da seedlings, to, zai iya yin rashin lafiya. Matsalolin mafi yawancin sune:

1. Girman raguwa yana kiyaye idan tushen ya lalace a lokacin dasawa ko kuma idan ba a ciyar da shuka ba sosai.
2. Cututtuka na fungal, yana cikin jerin cututtukan cututtuka da kwari da barkono seedlings, taso daga kan-moistening ko kamuwa da cuta tare da naman gwari. Matsalar zata iya tashi lokacin da shuka mai yawa. Kula da zazzabi da zafi na ƙasa. Idan cutar ta fara farawa, to, ƙasa zai sassauta kuma yayyafa shi da yashi mai zafi.
3. Nau'in baƙar fata baƙar fata ya bayyana a kan kara da ganye. Ana iya gane shi ta ƙananan dige baki, wanda ya karu cikin girman, kuma a sakamakon haka, sprouts zasu mutu. Don magance matsalar, cire waxannan cututtuka, da kuma wanke ƙasa.
4. Idan seedlings sun watsar da launi kuma sunyi faduwa, to wannan zai zama cututtuka. Ya kamata a kawar da barkono da sauran mutane tare da wakili na kwayan cuta.
5. Kwayoyin cututtuka na kwayoyin cutar sun faru idan, yayin girma, ba a shayar da shuka ba, kuma babu haske. Yarda da bushes da kuma cututtuka.