Ya zuwa yanzu, akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gano ciwon daji har ma a farkon matakai. Binciken jini a ilimin ilmin halitta ya ba da dama kawai don gane cewa ƙwayar yana ci gaba a jiki, amma har ma don kafa wurinta, shekaru da sauran halaye.
Mene ne yake ba da gwajin jinin jinin jini na ilimin ilimin ilmin halitta?
Ya faru cewa mutum ya bayar da jini don nazari na musamman don bincika sukari, kuma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ya karbi mai ba da shawara ga likitan ilimin likita. Gaskiyar ita ce, jini yana da la'akari da cututtukan cututtukan halittu na canzawa sosai kuma za'a iya ganin wannan ko da tare da binciken mafi sauki. Gaskiyar cewa akwai mummunan ciwon kyama a cikin jiki yana nunawa ta hanyar irin wannan gwajin jini:
- matakin leukocytes cikin jini;
- adadin hemoglobin;
- ESR , wato, rabon erythrocyte sedimentation.
Kowace daga cikin waɗannan dalilai a kowanne ɗayan kuma dukansu duka suna iya nuna matsalolin kiwon lafiya, amma ba zai yiwu a kafa wata ganewar asali tare da taimakonsu ba. Sabili da haka, idan akwai wani zato game da ilimin ilimin kimiyyar ilimin halitta, ana nazarin gwaji na jini da sauran nazarin.
Binciken biochemical akan jini a ilimin ilmin halitta
Ba kowa san abin da jarrabawar jini yake nuna ilimin ilimin ilimin kimiyya ba, amma amsar wannan tambayar ita ce sanannun ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya. Tare da ƙananan jini na jini a cikin jini, azumi PSB da lowglobin low, kowane likita zai rubuta maka jagorancin gwajin jini. Ma'anar wannan jarabawar jini don ilimin kimiyyar ilimin halitta yana da rikitarwa, amma yana ba ka damar ƙayyade ainihin abin da kwayar halitta ta shafi kuma har ma da kwarewar ci gaban tumo. Masu nuna jinin jini a cikin ilimin ilimin halayyar ilimin halitta zai iya ƙunsar nau'o'i daban-daban. Wadannan abubuwa ne na musamman da jiki ke samarwa ta hanyar amsawa ga mummunar ciwon sukari. Kuma a kowane jikin jikinmu, alamun daji na da tsari na musamman. Yawancin lokaci shi ne gina jiki, sakamakonsa a cikin jini a duk rayuwan canza sauƙi, amma tare da ciwon daji, waɗannan canje-canje sun zama masu kaifi.
Ga manyan nau'o'in oncomarkers:
- REA ne mai tasowa daga ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi da ƙwayoyin su a cikin huhu, hanzarin zuciya, hanta, ciki, mammary gland, gall juzily da sauran gabobin.
- CA 19-9 wani alama ne na ciwon daji na pancreatic.
- PSA shine babban alamar cutar ciwon gurgu.
- CA 15-3 shine ƙwayar motsa jiki na ƙwayar nono.
- Beta-hCG wani incomarker na cututtuka na embryonic (nephroblastoma da neuroblastoma).
- CA-125 shine alamar ciwon daji na ovarian.
- AFP wata alama ce ta ciwon daji na ciwon huhu.
Ana ɗaukar jinin don gwaje-gwajen daga kwayoyin ba a baya fiye da sa'o'i takwas bayan cin abinci na ƙarshe. Don yin ganewar asali, dole ne a biye da matakin incomarkers a cikin hanzari. Saboda wannan dalili, bayan kwana 3-4, ana yin wani reanalysis. Wani lokaci rata tsakanin cin jini zai iya zama ya fi tsayi.
Tare da taimakon nazarin jini na biochemical forcomarkers, za'a iya samun bayanai masu zuwa:
- tabbatar da tasirin radiation da chemotherapy;
- ƙayyade sabon ci gaban cikin jiki;
- don tabbatar da wurin da ƙwayar ƙwayar tumɓir da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ko da a farkon matakan;
- don tabbatar da ci gaba da ƙwayar tumatir da ƙananan metastases;
- lissafta yiwuwar yiwuwar.
Bayan bayanan binciken wannan cikakken cikakken bayani, an ba da haƙuri don yin MRI don samun cikakkiyar hoto game da irin ƙwayar tumɓir da metastases, idan akwai. Irin wannan cututtukan kamar lymphoma ko cutar sankarar bargo ne aka ƙaddara ta hanyar binciken jini, ba zai yiwu a gyara su ba a hankali akan MRI. Ƙarin nazarin yana hada da kwayoyin tsawa daga kai tsaye don ƙididdige ƙwayoyin maganin ƙwayar cutar shan magani.