Sanannun bayanan game da mafi mawuyacin shafi na tarihin duniya.
Yakin yakin duniya na biyu shine mummunar rikici na soja a tarihin 'yan adam. An rufe kashi 80 cikin dari na yawan mutanen duniya, an gudanar da su ne a sassan biyu mafi girma - a cikin Eurasia da Afirka - kuma sunyi rayukan dubban mutane.
1. Rushewar Soviet Union
Kashi 20% na yawan maza, wanda aka haifa a cikin USSR a 1923, ya tsira a lokacin yakin.
2. Bayyana yakin
{Asar Jamus ta bayyana cewa, ya} i da ya} i ne kawai, a wata jiha - {asar Amirka. Tare da sauran kasashen da suka halarta, kasashen Nazi 2 na duniya sunyi yakin basasa.
3. Tsohuwar Amurka, wanda ya mutu a yakin duniya na biyu
Marigayi tsohon dan Amurka shi ne Kyaftin Lousy, wanda ke aiki a matsayin soja a Norway. An kashe shi a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1940, lokacin da jirgin yana jiran wani daga cikin tashoshin.
4. Tsohon soja na Jamus wanda ya mutu a yakin duniya na biyu
Jamus ta farko ita ce Lieutenant von Schmeling, tsohon mashawarcin soja a kasar Sin da ke yaki da kasar Japan tun 1931. An kashe Von Schmeling a lokacin umurnin dakarun soja a Shanghai a 1937.
5. Rikici, sarrafawa ta hanyar kai harin bam
Jafananci sunyi amfani da matakan jiragen ruwa mai suna "Kaiten" (a cikin fassarar Jafananci - "canza makomar"), wanda aka sarrafa su da masu fasinjojin kansu. A cikin duka, kimanin 100 irin wannan lamarin ya ragu, kuma mafi girma shine dan kasuwa na Amurka "Underhill", ya sauka a Yuli 1945.
6. Finnish maciji
A wancan lokacin maciji mafi kyau shine Finns. A lokacin yakin Soviet-Finnish, wanda ya kasance kawai 3.5 watanni (daga karshen 1939 zuwa farkon 1940), akwai 40 kashe Soviet sojojin da mutu Finn.
7. Rosa Shanina
Rosa Shanina wani maciji ne na Soviet, wanda zai iya cin zarafi a makomar motsa jiki. A kan asusunta, 59 sun tabbatar da hits a cikin sojojin Jamus da jami'an. Duk da cewa yarinyar ta kasance a gaba don kasa da shekara guda, jaridar Jamus ta kira ta "tsoro mai ban mamaki na gabas Prussia." Rosa Shanina ya mutu sakamakon raunuka a shekaru 20.
8. Tsaron Leningrad
An kashe sojoji fiye da 300 a Soviet a lokacin kare Leningrad. Wannan na nufin cewa asarar asarar Amurka ta kai kashi 75 cikin 100 na dukan sojojin Amirka da aka kashe a yakin duniya na biyu.
9. Rago na sama
Sojan Tarayyar Soviet sun hallaka daruruwan jiragen ruwa na Jamus, ta amfani da rago mai iska tun daga farkon kwanakin yaki. Yawancin direbobi suna gudanar da lalata. Mataimakin soja Boris Kovzan ya kulla jiragen Jamus sau hudu, a lokacin ragon na karshe, aka jefa shi daga cikin takalmin, sai ya fadi a cikin tudu daga tsawon mita 6,000 tare da suturar da ba a bude ba. Bayan da ya karya kashinsa da haɗarinsa, ya tsira, ya mutu shekaru 40 bayan yakin.
Jirgin saman Jamus sun fara amfani da rago na sama a kusa da karshen yakin.
10. Wankewar Stalin
A lokacin tsabtace Stalinist, an kashe "abokan gaba da mutane" fiye da sansani na Nazi. A cewar wasu kimantawa, mutane miliyan 25 sun kamu da cutar Stalin, yayin da wadanda ke fama da Nazism an kiyasta su miliyan 12.
11. Submarine-Kattai
A shekara ta 2005, nau'o'i daga Jami'ar Hawaii sun binciko ragowar wani jirgin ruwa na Japan na irin I-401, wanda aka fi sani da "Sentoku", wanda aka ambaliya a 1946. Kasuwanci mafi girma na duniyar na biyu sun kasance masu jiragen saman jiragen sama kuma an gina su don kawo bama-bamai zuwa ko'ina cikin duniya, ciki har da bama-bamai na Kanal Canal. Rashin jirgin ruwan na dauke da fashewar bom guda uku da aka sanya su a cikin jirgin ruwa mai rufi a cikin jirgi.
Tsarin irin wannan tudu - 69500 km - ya wuce kusan sau 1.7 da kewayen duniya. An gina dukkanin uku, a karshen yakin da aka kai su Amurka da ambaliya. Girman jirgin ruwan yana da ban sha'awa: tsawon 122 m, nisa na katako ne 12 m, bisa ga bayanai daban-daban, da ma'aikatan za su iya hada daga 144 zuwa 195 mutane.
12. Submarines na Jamus
A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu Jamus ta rasa jiragen ruwa 793, wanda ke da kimanin mutane 40,000 - 75% aka kashe a teku.
13. Saukewa na sojojin abokan gaba
Shirin samar da wutar lantarki a Jamus a lokacin yakin ya fi sauki fiye da wadanda suka amince. Wasu masana sunyi imanin cewa idan a maimakon kamfanonin masana'antu akalla kashi 1 cikin 100 na boma-bamai da aka yi a cikin tashar wutar lantarki, an lalata dukkanin hanyoyin Jamus.
14. Ases
A lokacin duniyar na biyu a cikin matukin jirgi babu rabin rassan: ko dai ku, ko cannon fodder. Ɗaya daga cikin masu kwarewa mafi kyaun Japan, Hiroyoshi Nishizawa, ya harbe sama da jirgin sama 80 kuma ya mutu lokacin da wani fasinja ya tashi cikin jirgi. Jamus ace Oberst Werner Melders, na farko a tarihin yada layin 100 na jirgin sama, ya ƙare kwanakinsa a lokacin fashewar jirgin sama mai fasinja a jirgin wanda ya tashi a matsayin fasinja.
15. Tracer harsasai
Domin samun damar gyara wannan harbi, ana dauke da bindigogi a kan mayakan da wasu harsashi masu tasowa, suna barin hanyar da za a iya gani da kuma barin damar ganin yanayin jirgin. Wannan shi ne karo na biyar na bindigogi. Amma ya bayyana cewa yanayin alamomi mai banbanci ya bambanta da waɗanda suka saba, kuma idan irin wannan harsashi ya kai hari, to, adadin bullo da aka buga a kan hanyarsa ba kawai 20% ba.
Bugu da ƙari, abokan gaba sun sami haske daga hasken harsuna kuma sun san inda harin ya fito daga.
Abu mafi munin abu shi ne cewa sau da yawa direbobi suna ɗora harsashi masu tasowa a ƙarshen katako na katako don su san lokacin da suke gudu daga ammunium. Duk da haka, abokan gaba sun san hakan, saboda haka wadanda matukan da suka dakatar da amfani da harsasai masu tasowa, suka dawo daga manufa sau biyu kamar yadda sau da yawa, kuma yawan adadin da suka kasance sun fi girma.
16. Coca-Cola
Lokacin da dakarun Amurka suka sauka a arewacin Afrika, ban da makamai da kayan amintattun da suka kawo, sun bude sassa uku na coca-cola don kawowa sojojin.
17. Dachau
An bude sansanin zangon Dachau shekaru shida kafin yakin yakin duniya na biyu - a 1933. Daga bisani sai ya zama babban abu, yana tattare game da sansanin 'yan gudun hijira 100.
18. Poland
Daga dukkan ƙasashe da yaki ya shafa, Poland ta sha wahala mafi girma - 20% na yawan al'ummar kasar ta hallaka.
19. Al'ummar Aleutian
Kasashen biyu na Aleutian Range, wani ɓangare na Jihar Alaska, sun kasance masu kula da sojojin Japan a cikin shekara guda. Domin watanni 13, lokacin da dakarun Amurka suka yi kokarin sake dawo da tsibirin, kusan mutane 1,500 ne aka kashe.
20. 3000 jariran
Magogzoma ta Poland, Stanislava Leszczynska, ta dauki nauyin mata 3000 a Auschwitz, inda ta kasance tare da 'yarta don taimaka wa iyalan Yahudawa a lokacin Hannun da aka yi a Poland.
21. ɗan dan Hitler
'Yar uwan Hitler, William Hitler, ya yi aiki a matsayin jirgin ruwa na Amurka a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.
22. Ba mataki ba
Babban mawallafin soja na sojojin soja na Japan, Hiroo Onoda, kusan kusan shekaru talatin bayan karshen yakin, ya cigaba da zama mukaminsa a daya daga cikin tsibirin Philippine. Ya ki yarda da yakin Japan a yakin duniya na biyu kuma ya mika wuya ba tare da izinin ba. Onoda ya yi biyayya da tsohon kwamandansa, wanda a 1974 ya zo musamman daga Japan don cire ikonsa.
23. Sojin Amurka
A cikin rukuni na biyu ya dauki sojoji miliyan 16 na Amurka, an kashe mutane dubu 405.
24. Dala-miliyoyin dala
Yawan mutuwar a yakin duniya na biyu ba za a iya ƙidaya daidai ba, bisa ga ƙididdiga da dama, asarar da aka yi a bangarorin biyu sun kasance daga mutane 50 zuwa 80, 80% daga cikinsu sun fada ne zuwa kasashe hudu: USSR, China, Jamus da Poland.
25. Tsari Tsari
Wannan alama mai ban sha'awa, amma a cikin fadace-fadace a kan nahiyar Afirka, an yi amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan kwakwa a matsayin maye gurbin jini a cikin lamarin gaggawa.
26. Fursunoni
Sojojin Soviet sun saki fursunoni zuwa yankunan karkarar don warware hanyar dakarun.
27. Elephant
Bomb na farko, wanda ya fadi a Berlin, ya kashe kawai giwa a gidan Berlin.
28. Rundunar Soja
Don kaddamar da abokan gaba da kuma haifar da mummunan wakilci na amfani da sojojin Allied, an kafa sojojin musamman a rundunar sojan Amurka da ke amfani da makamai marasa mahimmanci: jiragen ruwa na lantarki, jiragen katako da motoci tare da kararrakin da suka kawo rikice-rikice da aka ji a cikin 20 kilomita. Wadannan dakarun sun kira "rundunar fatalwa."
29. Constance
Garin Konstanz na kasar Jamus, dake kusa da kan iyaka tare da Switzerland, bai rasa batutuwan da ke dauke da Allied bomb a cikin dukan lokacin tashin hankali. Gaskiyar ita ce, a lokacin hare-haren da ke cikin birnin, ba a taɓa share hasken ba, kuma wannan ya ɓatar da matukan da suka yi imanin cewa suna tashi akan ƙasar Switzerland.
30. Adrian Cardon di Viart
Birtaniya Janar Janar Adrian Carton di Viart ya shiga cikin Anglo-Boer, 1st and 2nd World War. Ya yi hasarar ido da hagu na hagu, an ji rauni a kai, ciki, kafa, cinya da kunnensa, ya tsira daga hadarin jirgin sama biyu, an kama shi kuma ya yatso yatsunsu lokacin da likitan ya ki yarda da su. Domin ya zama mai ban sha'awa daga lakabi mai suna "m Odysseus."
31. Sanarwar tunawa da wadanda aka yi wa Holocaust a Berlin
Fusoshin da aka bude a cikin tunawa na shekarar 2005 ga wadanda aka lalata ta Holocaust a Berlin suna da takarda na musamman wanda ba ya bari su sanya jigilar littattafai a kansu. Abin ban mamaki, wannan kamfani na musamman da aka yi amfani da magungunan ya samo asali ne daga wannan kamfani wanda ya samar da iskar gas na Cyclone B, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a ɗakunan gas na sansanin zina don halakar da fursunoni.
32. Tare da mai tsabta a kan tanki
Jami'in Birtaniya James Hill ya kwashe garkuwa biyu na Italiyanci, wanda ke dauke da 'yan bindigar. Duk da haka, lokacin da ya yi ƙoƙarin kama wani tanki, ya sami rauni.
33. Kwayoyin Ruwa
Yin amfani da cats don magance zane-zane a kan jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa suna aiki mai tsawo, ba a katse lokacin yakin ba. Cat Bullets, kama da ƙuda a daya daga cikin jirgi na Amurka Navy, wani soja ne na yakin duniya na biyu, domin an ba shi lambar yabo uku da taurari hudu.
34. Rashin amincewar ranar ranar fashewa
Wasu masana sune farkon yakin tare da mamaye Jafananci na Manchuria ranar 18 ga Satumba, 1931.
35. Alexey Maresiev
Sojan Tarayyar Soviet Alexei Maresiev aka buga a kan yankin da Jamus ta mallaki. A tsawon kwanaki 18 sai ya haɗi tare da ƙasa ta abokan gaba, bayan haka aka yanke masa ƙafafu biyu saboda rauni, amma ya koma jirgin sama ya tashi tare da karuwanci.
36. Mafi mahimmanci aces
Mafi mahimmanci a kowane lokaci shi ne direktan Luftwaffe Erich Hartmann, a kan asusunsa 352 ya harbe jirgin sama. Mafi kyawun majiyoyinsa shine Ivan Kozhedub, wanda ya harbe jirgin sama 66.
37. Jirgin sama
A karshen yakin, Jafananci sun kirkiro Ohka, wanda ke nufin "kyawawan fure". Amma duk da sunan irin wannan sunan, wannan kamfani ya sarrafa wannan jirgin sama kuma an yi amfani da ita a kan Navy na Amurka.
38. Nurses na Sojojin Amurka
A farkon yakin da Japan a shekarar 1941, sojojin Amurka sun sami ma'aikatan jinya 1000. A karshen yakin, yawan su ya kai 60,000.
39. Fursunonin yaƙi a Amurka
A lokacin aikin soja, an kama sojoji fiye da 41,000, wanda aka kama da mutane 5,4 da Japan - rabi daga cikinsu.
40. Yarinya
Matasa mafi ƙarancin Amurka shi ne Calvin Graham mai shekaru 12, wanda ya kara yawan shekarunsa don zuwa yaki. A daya daga cikin fadace-fadacen da aka yi masa rauni ya kuma bar shi a karkashin kotun don kwance game da shekaru. Amma daga bisani sai majalisar ta kalubalanci ayyukansa.
41. Mutuwar da ta dace
A bit of irony:
- Alamar Rundunar Sojin Rundunar Soja ta 45 na rundunar sojan Amurka ta kasance swastika. Wannan rukunin ya kasance wani ɓangare na Kwamitin Tsaro na Oklahoma Army, kuma an zabi swastika a matsayin 'yan kasuwa ga' yan asalin 'yan asalin Indiyawan da suke zaune a kudu maso yamma.
- Harshen jirgin na Hitler a farkon yakin da ake kira "Amurka."
- A lokacin da aka yi amfani da bama-bamai na Japan a kan Pearl Harbor, an kira Babban Kundin Navy na Amurka a CINCUS, wanda aka lasafta shi ya "rushe mu" - rushe mu.
42. Rikici a jirgin sama
Dangane da yakin basasa na US Air Force, a lokacin yakin, kawai a Amurka, rundunar sojojin Amurka ta rasa kimanin motoci 15,000 da aka kashe a cikin hadarin. Wani jirgin mota guda daya ya ɓace daga radar a kan hanya daga tushe har zuwa ci gaba.