Halin ido na mutum yana aiki kamar ruwan tabarau wanda ruwan tabarau ya amsawa ga hasken hasken hasken rana. Don tabbatar da hangen nesa al'ada, ya kamata ya zama cikakke. Cataract of ido ne girgiza da ruwan tabarau. Wannan yana haifar da mummunar zurfin hangen nesa har zuwa kammala makanta.
Cataracts - Causes
Kwayoyin da aka bayyana suna rinjayar yawancin mutanen duniya, yana rinjayar kowane mutum shida na duniya a shekarunsa bayan 40 da kimanin 75% na tsofaffi, fiye da shekaru 80. A cikin fassarar daga harshen Helenanci, sunan cututtukan da aka kwatanta suna kama da "ruwan ruwa". Hakan daidai ya nuna ainihin jin daɗin mutumin da ke da idanuwan ido, menene wannan jin dadi, kamar idan kana kallon ruwa mai banƙara, hoton yana turbid kuma yana da kariya, gurbata.
Babban dalilin da ke taimakawa ga ci gaba da cutar da aka gabatar ya tsufa. Canje-canje a cikin jiki yana haifar da mummunar ƙarancin gina jiki, wanda ruwan tabarau ya ƙunshi. Wannan yana haifar da asarar gaskiyanci da kuma ɓarna a cikin ikon ƙwarewa da watsa haske. Opacification na ruwan tabarau na ido - sa ba alaka da tsufa:
- ilimin kimiyya;
- cututtuka da ciwon ido;
- shan taba;
- radiation;
- ladabi;
- endocrine cuta;
- wasu magunguna;
- beriberi.
Cataract - bayyanar cututtuka
Babban magungunan ƙwayar cuta na girgiza ruwan tabarau shine ɓarna da kwarewa da kuma hangen nesa. Abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwa sun ɓace, abubuwa zasu iya ninki biyu ko kuma su ci gaba a gaban idanu. Sauran alamun cataract:
- ragewa ko ƙara yawan hotuna;
- wani canji a cikin launi na yaren, saye da launin toka, rawaya, fararen fari;
- lalacewar fahimtar launin launi (duniya ta dushe);
- daren, makantar duhu;
- halos, haske, spots, bugun jini da sauran lahani a gaban idanu;
- Rashin gajiya tare da ido.
Irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka ba koyaushe ke faruwa ba. Su bayyanar da tsananin su ne daban-daban a cikin marasa lafiya daban-daban na masanin ophthalmologist, wanda ke ƙayyade yanayin cutar. A wasu lokuta, idanun ido ba ya lalacewa. Ya dogara ne da wuri na ainihin opacity a cikin ruwan tabarau. Idan an gano shi a gefe, mai nisa daga tsakiya, hangen nesa ya kasance mai ma'ana da bayyana, fahimtar launi ba ya canzawa.
Waɗanne nau'in cataracts akwai?
An tsara fasalin ilimin lissafi bisa ga ka'idoji 3 - asalin cutar, wurin da ake da turbidity a cikin ruwan tabarau da kuma digiri na balaga. Ƙungiyar farko ta ƙunshi nau'ikan cataracts masu zuwa:
- shekaru (tsofaffin);
- hadari;
- katako;
- al'ada;
- mai guba;
- lalacewa ta hanyar cututtuka na jiki na jiki;
- rikitarwa (tare da concomitant ƙonewa).
Dangane da wurin da aka sanya idon ido na ido, ana rarraba takardun shiga cikin sassa masu zuwa:
- gaban, baya polar;
- zonal (lagered);
- spindle-dimbin yawa;
- makaman nukiliya;
- matsakaici na kasa;
- Cortical;
- cikakke (duka).
Abu na ƙarshe wanda ya nuna samfurin cataract shine digiri na balaga:
- farko;
- marar amfani;
- balagagge;
- overripe.
Mene ne haɗari ga cataracts?
Babban mahimmancin cutar da aka bayyana shine muhimmiyar ɓataccen hangen nesa, har sai da cikakkiyar asararta. Sauran abubuwan da za a iya haifar da sauƙi za a iya bayyana su, da sanin yadda ido ya fara girma, abin da yake da abin da ke tare. Wannan farfadowa yana cigaba da cigaba kuma yana wakiltar wani tsari wanda ba zai iya canzawa ba. Saboda sauyawa a tsarin tsarin gina jiki a cikin abun da ke ciki, ƙwayoyin suna da taurare kuma sun taurare. Lissafi ba wai kawai ya zama mai ƙarfi ba, amma kuma yana ƙaruwa da girmansa, wanda yake damuwa da irin waɗannan matsalolin:
- ƙãra matsa lamba intraocular ;
- glaucoma (sakandare, cataract shi ne haɗakar da ya faru);
- cin zarafin jini ga ido;
- ƙãra ƙwaƙwalwa a kan ƙwayar ido da sauran sifofi;
- lalacewa na hangen nesa;
- makanta marar iyaka.
Cataract - Binciken asali
Wannan cututtuka yana iya rikicewa tare da wasu cututtuka na ƙwayoyin cuta. Kaddamarwa ta farko a kan bayyanar cututtuka yana kama da tsinkaye na tsawon shekaru masu yawa ko myopia, wanda baya haifar da damuwa mai tsanani a cikin mutane. Kwararrun masana ilimin likita kawai zasu iya gane cutar. Don haka, ana amfani da hanyoyin da ake biyowa:
- nazarin halittu na ido;
- Ƙayyadewa ta fuskar gani;
- bincikar asusun ;
- bincikar abubuwan da ke gani;
- ma'auni na matsa lamba intraocular;
- keratometry;
- wani kimantawa na bakin ƙofa na ƙwarewar lantarki;
- basira;
- bincikar lability na jijiya na gani;
- m coherence tomography.
Jiyya na cataract ba tare da tiyata ba
Tsarin turbidity shine wani tsari wanda ba shi da kariya, wanda yake tare da ci gaban hangen nesa. Hanyar da za a iya magance cutar ita ce tiyata, amma mutane da yawa suna ƙoƙarin yin aiki da maganin marasa magani. Irin wannan gwagwarmayar dabarun ba zai yi nasara ba, likitan likita zai ci gaba da yin amfani da shi, sai dai a ƙarshen aikin likita.
Jiyya na lalacewa ba tare da tiyata da kwayoyi ba
Kamfanin Pharmacological yana samar da mafita na musamman don magance wannan cuta. Duk wani saukad da shi daga cataracts - wannan wata hanya ce ta rage jinkirin ci gabanta da kuma zaɓi na rigakafi. Ba su taimaka wajen kawar da turbidity na ruwan tabarau ko inganta fadan hangen nesa. Masana binciken magungunan ƙwararrun likita sun tsara irin wannan mafita kafin a yi aiki, a matsayin shiri, ko kuma bayansa, a matsayin farfadowa a lokacin gyarawa. Shawara saukad da:
- Sau da yawa Katachrom;
- Quinax ;
- Vitafakol;
- Catalin;
- Vita-Yodourol;
- Qatarax;
- Senkatalin;
- Ujala;
- Cataxol;
- Hrustalin;
- Reticulin;
- Taufon ;
- Emoxipine.
Cataract magani tare da mutanen magani
Magungunan magungunan ba shi da iko kafin ilimin likita, masana sun ƙaryar da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka don farfadowa. Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa basu da amfani, zasu taimaka wajen nazarin yadda za'a cigaban idanu, abin da yake. Ba'a iya rinsed, tsabtace, ko kuma wata hanya ta shafe su a cikin ruwan tabarau. Za su ci gaba da karuwa, kuma su yada, canza tsarin sunadarin sunadaran ido.
A cikin maganin mutane, yin kwaskwarima tare da dill tsaba shine sanannen. Don 1 tbsp. cokali wannan kayan yaji an sanya shi a cikin jaka lilin masu tsabta, bayan haka sun fada cikin ruwan zãfi na minti 2. Dole ne a sanya idanuwan dumi a idanu don kwata na sa'a, daga sama don rufe su da tawul. Maimaita hanya da likitocin gargajiya suka ba da shawara da safe da maraice.
Cataract na ido - aiki
Iyakar abin da zaɓaɓɓen zaɓi don zalunta ruwan tabarau mai tsabta shi ne tsoma baki. Tare da taimakonsa, ya kawar da duk wani samfurori, ana gudanar da aiki a farkon matakan farko, kuma a cikin matakai. Mafi zamani fasaha shine ultrasonic phacoemulsification. Wannan aiki ne don cire kullun, wanda aka aiwatar da ita a karkashin ƙwayar cuta ta gida.
A lokacin aikin, likitan likita yana sa ido akan microscopic akan ido, daga 1.8 zuwa 2.8 mm. Yana ƙaddamar da tip na na'urar, phacoemulsifier. Ya yi ƙarancin oscillatory ultrasonic na high mita. Wannan yana haifar da canji na kwayar ruwan tabarau cikin wani emulsion wanda aka cire daga ido. Akwai cirewar cirewa tare da tsarin gina jiki mai lalacewa. Maimakon cirewa, an shigar da ruwan tabarau intraocular.
Sauyawa ruwan tabarau tare da cataract na tsawon har zuwa minti 45. Gani ya dawo nan da nan, kuma bayan 'yan sa'o'i mai haƙuri zai iya koma gida. Gyaran gyaran gyare-gyare na musamman bayan tiyata ba a buƙata. Masanan binciken likitancin sun bada shawara kawai don iyakance nauyin kayan gani don kwanaki 7-10. Ba a sake gano cutar ba bayan tiyata.
Yin rigakafi na cataracts
Mahimmancin yanayin ilimin da aka gwada a cikin rashin daidaituwa da ci gaba. Ko da bayan kammala nazarin batun "ganimar ido" - mece ce, yadda irin wannan cuta ta bayyana kanta, da kuma yadda za a bi da shi, ba zai yiwu ba don hana ci gaban pathology. Doctors yi shawara su bi ka'idoji na kare lafiyar jiki. Wannan baya bada garantin rigakafin ci gaba, amma yana taimakawa wajen rage yawan tasirin da ke haifar da ingancin ido ta ido, abin da za a yi don rage yiwuwar cigaba da cutar:
- Yi la'akari da cin abinci mai kyau.
- Kada ku shan taba.
- Kare idanu daga radiation ultraviolet.
- Watch don gajiya mai gani.