Ana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa na hadewar ƙasa bisa magungunan magunguna: albasa husks , toka , tafarnuwa, ƙurar taba, ciyawa, eggshells, kwanciya ko taki. Amma ba kowa ba san cewa yana yiwuwa a takin da kuma shuka wasu tsire-tsire a kan ƙasa. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire sun hada da mustard, sanannun dafa abinci da magani, ko da yake yana da matukar damuwa ga masu aikin lambu suyi amfani da takin mai magani don lambun su.
Dogayen mustard ne tsire-tsire na man fetur na shekara guda, tare da tushen zurfi da babban babban kore, daga 30 zuwa 80 cm a tsawo. Lokacin da furanni ya bayyana furanni launin furanni da aka tara a cikin goga mai karfi, ƙanshin zuma daga abin da aka samo 'ya'yan itace - dogaye mai tsayi da tsaba. Duk da haka ana kiransa siderat - kore taki.
Features na namo of mustard
Don shuka mustard a karkashin taki da kyau dace turf-podzolic ƙasa, hadu da takin gargajiya, amma za a iya girma a kan yashi loam horar da peat. Ba zai yi girma a kan tsabta ba, yalwa kasa da solonchaks.
Wannan ƙarancin haske da ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi mai tsayarwa, musamman ma yana son watering a lokacin yaduwar shuka da kuma toshe.
Kada a yi amfani da kabeji a matsayin mai ƙaddara, kamar yadda suke daga cikin iyali guda ɗaya kuma suna da cututtuka na kowa.
Me ya sa ake amfani da mustard don yin takin ƙasar?
- Tun da ƙwayar mustard na da tushen da ke shiga zurfin ƙasa, sai su sassauta, da kuma tsara su.
- Tushen tushen kanta yana sake wani abu wanda yake da damuwa ga waya , don haka yana guje wa waɗannan yankunan.
- Lokacin da koren ƙwayar mustard an saka a cikin ƙasa, yawancin kwayoyin halitta suna bayyana a cikin ƙasa, wanda ke tafiyar da shi da wadatar.
- Ƙarfafa ci gaban weeds, yayin da yake girma cikin sauri.
- Yana iya fassara mawuyacin nutsuwa (phosphates), wanda ba zai yiwu ba ga shuke-shuke da dama, cikin siffar mai sauƙi.
- Tushen mustard ya kare ƙasa a spring da kaka daga ruwa da iska yashwa, kuma a cikin hunturu ya hana daskarewa mai karfi.
- Abubuwan da ke tattare da muhimmancin mai a dukkan bangarori na shuka shine mai kyau na hanawa akan tarawar kwari da cututtuka a cikin ƙasa.
Yaushe kuma yadda za a shuka mustard don hade ƙasa?
Ana iya shuka mustard a cikin dukan kakar: daga farkon spring zuwa farkon Satumba, shuka kowane ƙasa kyauta. Amma babban amfanin gona na mustard kamar taki zai iya yin sau biyu a shekara:
- a cikin bazara - wata daya kafin dasa shuki da al'adun kayan lambu (misali: dankali);
- a cikin kaka - bayan girbi.
Zai fi kyau shuka shuka mustard nan da nan bayan girbi, don kada a rasa inuwa mai inuwa kuma ƙasa ba ta bushe ba. Akwai hanyoyi biyu don shuka:
- Noma da tsaba zuwa zurfin 1.5 - 2 cm a cikin layuka a nesa na 15 cm (nau'in amfani da kimanin 120-150 g da mita dari dari);
- da hannayen hannu yayyafa tsaba a kan tsumburan da ake tsammani, sa'annan su rike harrows tare da rakes, yayyafa su da ƙasa (amfani - 300-400 g a mita mita dari).
Seedlings zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 3-4.
Bayan kimanin wata daya da rabi, lokacin da tsire ta tsiro zuwa 15-20 cm, dole ne a yadu da mustard (yayin da ganyayyaki na shuka su ne sabo ne, m, yana da kyau a yi shi har sai da yawansa). Sa'an nan sakamakon da aka samu shine ƙasa da ƙasa a cikin ƙasa, an shayar da shi tare da shirye-shirye na EM ("Baikal", "Shining", "Revival", da dai sauransu), wanda aka rufe da fim din baki ko takarda rufi.
Lokacin da hatimin mustard ya rufe, ya kamata a tuna cewa rashin yiwuwar ragowar wannan shuka ya wuce kawai idan akwai isasshen ruwa a cikin ƙasa, saboda haka za'a buƙaci watering a lokacin fari.
Ta amfani da haka, mustard a yankinka a matsayin taki, za ku sami kyakkyawan ƙasa ta kaka: girke, lafiya da wadatar da duk abubuwan da suka dace don ci gaban shuka.