Idan ci gaban tayi baiyi kuskure ba, tayin yana da matsala a cikin tsarin sassan jikin. Daya daga cikin wadannan maye gurbin shine Hirschsprung ciwo (megacolon ko aganglion). Wannan cuta tana faruwa a cikin ɗayan yara 5000, yawancin namiji.
Hirschsprung ta cutar - mece ce?
Hanyar motsawa na ciki da kuma lokuta na yau da kullum yana ƙayyadewa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin jijiya na musamman. Megacolon na al'ada yana nuna nauyin su ko rashi, saboda abin da aka fitar da shi yana da muhimmanci sosai. A sakamakon haka, yawancin feces yana tara a babban hanji. Wannan yana haifar da tsawo da ƙarfafa kwayar.
Hirschsprung ta cutar a cikin yara - bayyanar cututtuka
Hoton magungunan ya dogara da ƙididdigewa da kuma digiri na intestine. Cutar cutar Hirschsprung a cikin jarirai tana bayyana ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka:
- babu asali na asali (meconium);
- alama gassing;
- flatulence ;
- vomiting, wani lokacin bile;
- Tsarin gwiwa akai-akai ;
- canzawa cikin siffar ciki;
- inverted ko low matsayi umbilicus;
- da wuya zullun.
Cutar Hirschsprung a cikin yara tsofaffi yana tare da ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka:
- rashin yiwuwar motsa jiki ba tare da enema ba;
- ciwo na ciki;
- zubar da jiki;
- lag a cikin ci gaban jiki;
- m heterochromy;
- gaban tauraron taurare ("duwatsu masu bakin ciki");
- anemia ;
- lalatawar kirji;
- hypotrophy;
- enterocolitis;
- fadada babban hanji;
- haɓaka don bunkasa mashako da ciwon huhu;
- vomiting da zawo bayan ƙarfafawar lokaci.
Hirschsprung cuta a cikin yara - ganewar asali
Don tabbatar da tuhumar maganin ilimin likita, likita ya fara nazarin kananan ƙwayar cuta. Hirschsprung ta cutar a cikin jarirai za a iya bayyanawa a baya har ma da kwantar da hankali, jin ciki a cikin ɓangaren babban hanji. Wani muhimmiyar rawar da iyayen iyaye suka yi game da yaron. Idan iyalin suna da sharuɗɗa na anomaly a cikin tambaya, yiwuwar faruwa a cikin jaririn yana karuwa sosai (asusun haɗi).
Binciken ta'aziyya na yaro da Hirschsprung cutar
Hanyar hanyar bincike na wannan cututtuka na gani ne da kuma jarrabawar yatsun kwayoyin (sigmoidoscopy). Hirschsprung cutar tare da wani babban sautin na sphincter tare da sarari sararin samaniya a gaban na bude ido, ko da ma empting bai faru na kwanaki da yawa. Don ƙarin bayani, an ba da bincike na kayan aiki. Cutar Hirschsprung - Sanin asali:
- Irrigoscopy tare da gabatarwar kwakwalwar barium;
- Taswirar;
- Abubuwan da ba a taɓa ba;
- biopsy tare da nazarin tarihi na tarihi.
Hirschsprung cuta - X-ray
Wani nau'in jarrabawar wajibi a cikin ganewar asali na cutar da aka bayyana shine aikin binciken. Radiography yana taimaka wajen gano ainihin inda aka gano megacolon (Hirschsprung's disease), don gano mahimmancin rashin lafiya. Don tantance ingancin mottin na hanji, an bada shawara don gabatar da matsakaicin matsakaici da ƙarin duban dan tayi.
Jiyya na cutar Hirschsprung a cikin yara
Hanyar hanyar da za a iya bi don magance matsalar da aka gabatar da ita ita ce tawaya. Dole ne ake buƙatar tsarin kulawa na yau da kullum kawai a rana ta aiki. Yana taimaka wajen rage da kuma rage cutar Hirschsprung - magani ya shafi kawar da bayyanar cututtukan cututtuka, ta yadda za a daidaita ƙwayar matsala da kuma dawo da motsa jiki na ciki. Bayan maganin gwadawa yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da yarinyar da kulawa da kyau kuma bi biyayyar abinci na musamman.
Hirschsprung ta cutar a cikin yara - shawarwari na asibiti
Lokacin da aka tabbatar da ganewar asali kuma likita ya sanya kwanan wata aiki, dole ne a shirya don hanya. Megacolon a cikin yara yana dauke da wadannan matakan kulawa:
- Tsayar da haɓaka na hanji. An sanya kayan na'urorin siphon enemas a kowane lokaci tare da gabatar da wani bayani mai dadi na sodium chloride concentration na 0.9%.
- Maidowa na microflora na hanji. Yaro ya kamata ya yi amfani da kwayoyi wanda ya karfafa aiki mai mahimmanci na kwayoyin amfani ( probiotics ).
- Taimako rigakafi. Yara an umurce shi bitamin - E, C, B6, B12.
- Inganta karɓa. Don daidaita al'amuran hanji don taimakawa wajen wanke ciki da gymnastics.
- Rigakafin maƙarƙashiya. Tsayar da damuwa na feces tare da abinci mai wadata da fiber a layi daya tare da amfani da ruwa mai tsabta.
- Maido na matakai na rayuwa. Tare da ciwo masu cin nama mai tsanani, mafitaccen zaɓin lantarki, ƙwayoyin glucose da na gina jiki an bada shawarar.
Hoto don Hirschsprung cutar
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance bakin ciki don kawar da cutar a cikin tambaya. Dukkanansu sun kasance cikin haɗari da wuraren lalacewa na layin madaidaiciya da kuma hankalin sigmoid da kuma sanyawa tsakanin kyakyawawan lafiya na anastomosis. A lokacin da aka haifa, an yi tiyata Duhamel na farko a Hirschsprung, amma akwai wasu nau'o'i masu tasiri da lafiya:
- Rectosigmoidectomy bisa ga Svenson-Hyatt-Isakov;
- wani mai zurfi na baya-bayan nan wanda aka saba da ita a cewar Rebein;
- Soave aikin.
Hanyoyin da aka lissafa sune kamar mahimmanci dangane da tasiri, don haka zaɓin irin nau'in aikin hannu yana yin wani gwani. Idan aka ba da wani magungunan mikiya, likita yana jagorancin shekaru da yanayin marasa lafiya, yayi la'akari da yadda cutar Hirschsprung ta ci gaba. Yana da muhimmanci ga iyaye su sami likita mai gwadawa, dukkanin wadannan ayyukan suna da mahimman tsari na aiwatarwa.
Cutar Hirschsprung - cin abinci
Don rage alamun bayyanar cututtukan da aka bayyana, an bada shawarar bada abinci mai mahimmanci na musamman. Gina na gina jiki ga Hirschsprung cuta ya shafi amfani da kayan da ke yalwata farfajiyar da kuma motsa motsi na hanji:
- a decoction na bran ko Dill (ga jarirai);
- dried apricots, prunes, musamman compotes akan su;
- kabewa;
- buckwheat, hatsi, alkama porridge;
- wata rana kefir;
- beets;
- cucumbers;
- yoghurt;
- ganyayyaki mai ganyayyaki;
- yankakken tururuwa da kuma tsawa daga nama masu cin nama mara kyau;
- kayan lambu mai;
- ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
Daga cin abinci, dole ne mu ware duk abin da yake karfafawa da kuma haifar da matakai na furotin a cikin hanji:
- pears;
- shinkafa, semolina porridge;
- farin sabo da gurasa;
- kyafaffen kayayyakin;
- Bun da fasara;
- koko da cakulan;
- tsaba;
- kabeji;
- nama mai nama;
- arziki broths da soups;
- dankali (a cikin iyakanceccen yawa);
- taliya;
- ceri;
- Sweets tare da man zaitun;
- wake;
- madara madara.
Hirschsprung ta cutar a yara - sakamakon
Idan ba tare da daidaito ba, to, an yi la'akari da anomaly, musamman ma idan aka gano shi a cikin jariri. A cikin kashi 80 cikin 100 na irin wannan cutar, cutar Harald Hirschsprung ta kai ga mutuwar jaririn. Lokacin da aka yi aikin tiyata a lokaci da kuma cancanci, an yi tsinkaya sosai, kimanin kashi 90 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya sun dawo zuwa ƙimar da suka dace.
Wasu matsaloli na yau da kullum na cutar Hirschsprung:
- m enterocolitis;
- anemia;
- ƙuntatawa na hanji ;
- mai tsanani;
- peritonitis;
- zazzabi;
- zubar da jini na intestinal;
- fistula;
- stenosis;
- fecal incontinence.