Jumlar harshe shine saƙon da aka tsara game da yadda mutum yake ji, a cikin irin matsayin da yake. Sanin mahimmanci na sadarwar da ba na magana bane yana taimaka maka ka san kanka, abokinka, da kuma masu ilimin halayyar kwakwalwa suna tunatar da abokinka, wanda zai taimaka wajen gina dogara.
Menene ma'anar harshe yake nufi?
Harshen jiki shine ilimin kimiyya, kamar yadda kimiyya ta danganci wannan abu. A lokacin juyin halittar mutum, harshen jiki ya canza dangane da 'yan majalisa, amma yawancin nunawa da kuma fuska fuska ne ga mutanen duniya baki daya. Menene sunan harshen jiki? Masanan ilimin kimiyyar sun ba da sunan ga wannan lamari - sadarwa marar magana. Maganin jiki shine watsa bayanai ta hanyar alamun ba da magana: nuna gwanin ido, fuska fuska, fuska.
Bambanci tsakanin harshen jiki da harshen magana
Harshen jikin mutum ba harshe ne mai gaskiya ba, yana da wuya a ƙirƙira shi gaba ɗaya, kuma idan mutum mai sauki wanda yake da ilmi kadan bai iya lura da abin zamba ba, ƙwararren likita ba zai gane shi ba. Bambance-bambancen tsakanin tsarin alamar ba tare da ɓangaren rubutu ba kuma kalma ɗaya:
- Harshen jiki da gestures sun fi d ¯ a.
- Kasuwancin magana ta amfani da sauti, magana, da kuma bayanin da ba na magana ba ya ƙunshi baka mai yawa da ya haɗa da:
- maganganun fuska;
- gestures;
- zane-zane ;
- lamba mai gani;
- kuka;
- tonality, timbre, layi murya (nau'ikan bambancin);
- dakatar da magana, dariya, kuka (ƙananan halitta).
Jiki da lafazi - fahimtar juna
Jiki da halayen jiki sun yarda da masana kimiyya, masu sana'a na NLP da ke mayar da hankali kan bayanan da ba a bayyana ba daga mutum "karanta" mutum a matsayin katin. Sanarwar sanannen gypsy da kuma tsinkaye mai ban mamaki suna dogara akan gaskiyar cewa Gypsies sune mashawar karatun harshen jiki. Irin wannan ilimin ne ake bukata ga kowane mutumin da yake son ya san kansa da wasu, wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen kaucewa kuskure, "haskaka haske" akan abubuwa da dama.
Dokokin don fassarar harshen jiki
Menene harshen jiki ya gaya mana? Game da abubuwa da dama, amma kana buƙatar tuna cewa janye wasu nau'i, nunawa, nuna ra'ayi daga ma'anar mahallin ba zai iya yin gaskiya ba, za a sami wani abu "game da". Akwai dokoki don karanta harshen jiki:
- Shekaru na mutum, sana'a, matsayi yana sanya alamarsu a kan harshen jiki - yaron yana da ƙananan motsa jiki, karin alamomi, a cikin mutumin da ya fara girma, an kirkiro gesticulation.
- Abun da ke da mahimmanci ko rashin shi ba yana nufin cewa mutum yana da tausayi sosai ko kuma rashin sanyi ba. Mutanen da ba su da ilmi ba tare da ƙamusai ba su buƙatar gesticulation da yawa, don bayyana kansu, don haka suna iya kallon rashin jin tsoro a cikin magana mai ma'ana, amma wannan ba koyaushe ba ne.
- Cikakken magana, maganganun fuska, matsayi, gestures - rashin synchronicity ya nuna cewa mutum, wani abu da yake ɓoyewa, baya so ya nuna, karya.
Jumlar harshe - postures
Sadarwar da ba ta magana ba ta bayyana mutum fiye da mai fassara, magana tare da wasu, ƙwaƙwalwarmu ya fi sauri samun bayanan sirri, amma wannan ba koyaushe ne ta hanyar sani ba, saboda mutane da yawa sun san jinin lokacin da wani abu kamar mutumin kirki da wanda yake tattaunawa, amma wani abu akwai mai banƙyama ko ba daidai ba a ciki - duk wannan saboda tunanin mai hankali ya lura da abin da hankali bai lura ba. Ta hanyar nazarin abubuwan da ke tattare da sadarwa ba tare da izini ba, wanda zai iya fassara dabi'ar mutum.
Ma'anar matsayin mutum a fili:
- da kai yana "saka" a cikin itatuwan dabino, alƙalai sun kasance a kan teburin - harshen jiki na yarinyar da ke son ganin mutum a cikin dakin yana son ya dubi mafi kyau;
- Tsayar da hannayensu akan kirji "pretzel" - wasan zorro, gabatarwa, bayyana rashin tabbas;
- cowering - mutum a cikin wani tsari na kariya;
- baya ga mai shiga tsakani - rashin yarda don sadarwa;
- hannu yana kwantar da hankalinsa - rashin tausayi, rashin sha'awa;
- Maganin yana mai da hankali ga mai kira - yana da sha'awar tattaunawa.
Jiki - maganganun fuska
Yadda za a fahimci harshen jiki, wani lokaci yana da matukar muhimmanci don samun bayani mai dadi game da mutum, zaka iya ɗaukar shi don kada kowa ya yi shakkar gaskiyar mai magana, amma kar ka manta cewa jikin "yana rayuwa" a cikin rudani kuma ya nuna fili na ainihin mutum. Abin da ke nuna fagen fuska fuska:
- idanu suna buɗewa, gashin ido ya kai sama, da sasannin lebe sukan sauka - mutumin yana mamaki;
- ƙididdigar idanu, lebe da aka matsa - alamar fushi;
- da ido mai banƙyama, girare suna kawo tare, an saukar da kai - bakin ciki, bakin ciki yana cin mutum;
- murmushi a wani ƙarshen lebe - murmushi, rashin bangaskiya;
- murmushi tare da bakin mutum ba tare da saka idanu ba - insincerity.
Jumlar harshe - ƙungiyoyi
Jiki da jiki suna da ban sha'awa sosai don tsayar da hanzari - yana iya faɗar da yawa game da abubuwa da yawa. Abubuwa na harshen jiki, fassarar ƙungiyoyi:
- wasa tare da yatsun kafa, da sha'awar saka su cikin aljihu na jaket ko sutura - haka sau da yawa mutane sukan yi lokacin da suke so su nuna fifikoyarsu, alamar nuna fushi, girman kai;
- shafa kanka, yin ado - damuwa, rashin tabbas, ƙoƙarin kwantar da hankali;
- kallon kallo a kowane lokaci, wayar tarhon tafiye-tafiye, ƙafafun - rashin tausayi, rashin haƙuri, sha'awar barin;
- shafawa da idanu yayi magana akan gajiya;
- yana fama da ƙwaƙwalwa - yin tunani, tunani game da wani abu;
- gefen dabino shine "yanke" ƙungiyoyi - rashin haƙuri, zalunci.
Jiki a cikin rawa
A cikin rawa, kamar yadda babu wani harshe na ruhu da jikin da ke bayyana jihar. Tun zamanin d ¯ a, rawa yana cikin kanta cewa an haramta yin magana kuma yana iya sanya saƙon a cikin nau'i na jiki. Yayinda yake nuna alamar motsin zuciyar Indiya, inda wata mace ta bayyana ta ta hanyar dubban micromovements tare da idanu, hannaye, da kuma juya kansa. Waƙar za ta gaya mai yawa. Masu wakiltar kyakkyawan rabi na bil'adama da maza suna da sha'awar wannan tambaya: yaya za a gane harshen jiki a cikin rawa biyu da fahimtar abokin tarayya ko abokin tarayya?
Akwai harshe na "boye" a cikin rawa:
- girgiza hannunsa, yatso yatsunsu daga damuwa - alamar cewa abokin tarayya yana riƙe da hannunsa;
- an cire hannun daga abubuwar abokin tarayya lokacin da yake kusa da juna - rashin tausayi, kana buƙatar karin sararin samaniya, yana da mahimmanci don sassauta hawan;
- jiki na abokin tarayya don ya yi ƙoƙari don kusantar da hankali - sha'awar yin kusa;
- waƙar ya ƙare, kuma lambar sadarwa ta ci gaba - yana kama da zama tare da abokin tarayya, yana son har yanzu rawa.
Jiki da harshe
Littattafai game da harshe na jiki an rubuta su ne daga kwararru da suka shiga aikin bincike na halin mutum, mafi yawancin masana kimiyya, masu kwantar da hankali a jiki, NLP-ers - su ne masana a cikin bayyanar da mutum ba ya nuna cewa harshen jiki yana hade da jihar, ji a yanzu, kuma wasu lambobi kuma mimicry shine bayyanar hali.
Alal misali, mutum baya jin dadi da wani abu, sau da yawa fushi, halin halayen fuskarsa shine: rage girar ido, ko da wrinkle a kan goshinsa, an saukar da sassan layi, fuska a matsayin mask din daskararre - don haka hali ya kasance a fuskar. Matsayin da aka nuna: kafadu ya saukar, koma baya. Mutumin mai tausayi - fuskarsa yana buɗewa: murmushi mai murmushi, ba a miƙa shi "daga kunnen kunne" ba, amma don yin kokari don sasannin idanu. Harsun kafa suna buɗewa, baya baya madaidaiciya, kallo yana da kyau kuma har ma idanu suna murmushi.
Harshen jiki na mace
Hoto na hoto marar magana ba yana cikin maza da mata, wanda ke nuna kanta a cikin yanayin damuwa, duk abin da ke duniya a nan. Harshen musamman na jikin mace ya zama, lokacin da jima'i mai kyau a cikin ra'ayi ya zo a kan wani mutum mai kyau a gare ta, sa'an nan kuma harshen jiki ya haɗa da bayyana mace da namiji . Ta yaya yake bayyana kanta:
- hali ya zama cutesy ko flirtatious (ba koyaushe);
- a lokacin da gait shakes da kwatangwalo;
- tosses kafa zuwa kafa - halayyar hali;
- harbe idanunsa;
- kalma mai zurfi, idanun haskaka, almajiran da aka ƙera;
- wasa kunne a kunnen, takalma a kafafunsa;
- ya taɓa gashin kansa, iskar iskar da yatsa;
- shãfe bazata;
- dan kadan ya bayyana sassa na jiki (ya ɗaga hannu, gefen kwarin);
- sau da yawa ya kalli bakinsa, ya dubi cikin madubi.
Yadda za a koyi harshen na jiki?
Abinda ake gani shine aikin yau da kullum wanda zai taimaka wajen ganin yadda mutum, banda kalmomi, matsayi kansa. Ko da tare da kallo mara kyau, za ka ga cewa harshen mace na jiki da gestures ya bambanta da namiji. Menene mahimmanci? Ba tare da sanin kanka ba, harshe na jikinka, yana da wuya a koyi yin fassarar wasu - duk yana fara ne da binciken kansa. A nan gaba, lokacin da yake magana da wasu mutane, yana da kyau a mayar da hankalin mutum ba tare da bayyana kansa ba: matsayi a sarari, murmushi, motsa jiki.
Jumlar harshe - littattafai
Ga wadanda suke da sha'awar yadda mutum yake bayyana kansa ta hanyar motsi jiki, hangen nesa da nunawa, mutum zai iya nazarin wallafe-wallafe masu dacewa kuma ya fara saka idanu ga mutane. Harshen jiki da haɓaka - halayyar kwakwalwa, littattafan da aka ba da shawarar don karatu:
- " Jumlar jiki ". ABC na hali mutum J. Fast. Littafin yana da ban sha'awa ga ilimin kai, za ka iya yin amfani da yadda jiki ya yi tasiri a yanayi daban-daban, duba "takaddama", marubucin kuma ya kawo bambancin ra'ayi na mutane daban-daban, wanda zai zama da amfani ga waɗanda suke son tafiya zuwa wasu ƙasashe.
- " Na ga abin da kuke tunani. " D. Navarro. Marubucin littafin yana da tarihin aiki a FBI kuma ya san kusan dukkanin game da halin mutum. An biya yawan hankali a kan yadda za a gane karya ta hanyar sadarwa maras kyau.
- " Harshe alama. Yadda za a karanta tunani ba tare da kalmomi ba. 49 sauki dokoki "O. Sergeeva. A cikin yanayi daban-daban, mutum ya bayyana kansa daga kusurwoyi daban-daban, jikinsa yayi magana game da abin da yake yanzu shi. Kalmar da ake furta shine 20%, tip daga kankara, da kuma gestures da ƙungiyoyi na 80% - a gare su dukan gaskiya.
- " Jumlar harshe don shugabannin " G.K. Kinsey. Ga wadanda suke so su ci gaba da amincewa da kansu da kuma karfafa wa wasu su dogara ga kansu, yadda za su kasance a cikin hira, a cikin kamfanin, don ganin wasu ko wane irin mutumin da suke, wannan ita ce littafi mafi kyau.
- " Sabuwar harshe na gestures ." Tsarin buƙata A. Saurara, B. Kyau. Mawallafin littafi, masu masana kimiyyar masana'antu na shekaru 20 sunyi nazarin mutane da yawa a yanayi daban-daban, sabili da haka harshe jikin mutum ya dame su.