Tsarin protein shine babban kayan gini a jikin mutum. Wadannan kwayoyin sunadarai sun kasance a cikin ruwaye na halittu a wasu adadi, kuma idan akwai karuwa ko karuwa a cikin maida hankali, wanda zai iya magana game da cin zarafin wasu ayyukan jiki. A kan farashin da kuma rarraba irin wannan alamar kamar furotin a cikin fitsari, bari mu kara magana.
Protein a cikin fitsari - menene ma'anar?
Gudanar da bincike na asali na fitsari, ana amfani da sinadarin gina jiki, saboda wannan alama ce mai mahimmanci. Urine da aka kafa a cikin kodan ta hanyar cirewa daga jinin zai iya ƙunshi nau'o'in furotin kawai a cikin ƙididdiga, wato, ƙananan, wanda yake a iyakance da damar ganowa ta hanyar dabarun bincike. Tare da aiki na al'ada na gyaran tsarin kodan, kwayoyin sunadarai, saboda girmansu, ba zasu iya shiga cikin fitsari ba, don haka abu na farko da gina jiki a cikin fitsari yana nufin rashin aiki na ƙwayoyin gyaran ƙirar.
Protein a cikin fitsari, wanda yawancinta bai wuce 0.033 g / l (8 MG / dl) a cikin mutanen lafiya ba, a cikin mata masu ciki za a iya gano su a cikin adadin har zuwa 0.14 g / l, wanda aka dauka na al'ada. Wadannan dabi'u suna nufin hanyar da sulfosalicylic acid ke tabbatarwa. Ya kamata a lura cewa an ba da hoto mafi aminci ba bisa adadin sunadaran gina jiki a cikin wani ɓangare na fitsari ba, amma ta hanyar gina jiki ta yau da kullum a cikin fitsari, ƙaddara a cikin yawan ƙarar da ruwa ke samar da kodan a rana ɗaya.
Proteinuria - iri da kuma hanyoyin da ake ci gaba
Halin da yaduwar take nuna furotin a maida hankali akan yadda ake kira proteinuria. A wannan yanayin, jiki ya rasa fiye da nauyin miliyoyin hamsin gina jiki a kowace rana. Hanyoyin proteinuria zasu iya zama aikin ilimin lissafin jiki (aikin) ko masanin halitta, kuma ba kullum yana hade da rashin aiki na tsarin urinary ba.
Amfanin proteinuria
Ƙarar dan lokaci na gina jiki a cikin fitsari, wanda ke wucewa, ana kiyaye shi a wasu lokuta a cikin wasu mutane. Har zuwa yau, hanyoyin da aka samu na cigaba da gina jiki ba su riga sun bincike ba, amma an yi imani cewa wannan saboda mummunan aiki ne na ƙwayar jikin ba tare da canji ba. An rarraba proteinuria protein a cikin wadannan nau'o'i:
- Orthostatic proteinuria (postural) - an lura da shi a cikin samari da jiki na astheniki bayan tsawon zama a tsaye ko bayan tafiya, kuma bayan da yake kwance a matsayi mafi girma ba shi da shi (saboda haka a cikin safiya ne ba a gano sunadarin ba).
- Fushi - an ƙaddara a lokacin lokutan zazzabi, tare da maye gurbin jikin.
- Abincin - bayan cin abinci mai yawa, cikakke da sunadarai.
- Centrogenic - sakamakon sakamakon kai hare-haren, rikici na kwakwalwa.
- Motsin rai - tare da damuwa mai yawa, damuwa da hankali.
- Ayyukan aiki (proteinuria na tashin hankali) - taso ne daga matsanancin motsa jiki, horarwa (saboda rashin wucin gadi na bayar da jini ga kodan).
Pathological proteinuria
Kwayar da aka haɓaka a cikin fitsari na iya zama ƙwararren ƙira da haɓaka. Kwayoyin da ke faruwa a cikin kodan suna dogara ne akan tsarin daban-daban, dangane da abin da:
- Glomerular proteinuria - an hade da lalacewa na glomeruli na jiki, ƙara yawan wanda zai iya amfani da shi a jikin mutum (a cikin yawancin jini daga cikin furotin da aka gano sunadaran sunadaran plasma).
- Furotin na Tubular ne saboda mummunan abubuwa a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin saboda cututtuka na jiki ko nau'in aiki, wanda yakamata zazzafar sunadarai sunyi hasara, ko sunadarai sun ɓace daga epithelium tubular.
Dangane da mummunan lalacewa da aka yiwa ɗawainiya, mahalarcin proteinuria ya kasu kashi iri guda:
- Furotin na zafin jiki - yana faruwa ne tare da ƙananan launi (sau da yawa) wanda ke nuna cewa shigar da sunadarai da nauyin kwayoyin ƙananan.
- Abincin gina jiki wanda ba a zabi ba - yana nuna lahani mai tsanani, wanda ƙananan ɓangaren ƙananan kwayoyin halitta ya shiga cikin ƙummả mai ɗaukar hoto.
Wadannan nau'o'in mahaukaci ba su da alaƙa da tsarin aiwatarwa a cikin kodan:
- Proteinuria na ambaliya (prerenal), wanda ya samo daga samar da haɗari da jari a cikin jini jini na sunadarai tare da nauyin kwayoyin ƙananan (myoglobin, hemoglobin).
- Postridnaya - saboda haɗari a cikin fitsari, da tacewar tace, ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙwayar ƙarancin jiki tare da kumburi na urinary ko na genital.
Amfanin proteinuria, wanda yake kasancewa da kasancewar yawan adadin sunadaran gina jiki a cikin fitsari ba tare da damewa ba, da sauran cututtuka ko cuta. Magunguna da wannan ganewar sune babban haɗari don ci gaba gazawar koda bayan 'yan shekaru. Sau da yawa, an sake samar da sunadarai a ƙaddarar ba ta da 2 g a kowace rana ba.
Proteinuria - matakai
Ya danganta da adadin furotin a cikin fitsari, akwai matakai uku na proteinuria:
- An nuna kadan (maras muhimmanci) - 150-500 MG kowace rana;
- an nuna shi da kyau - 500-2000 MG kowace rana;
- muhimmanci proteinuria (bayyana) - fiye da 2000 mg kowace rana.
Protein a cikin fitsari
Idan akai la'akari da dalilin da yasa aka gano furotin a cikin fitsari na dogon lokaci, zamu lissafa wasu dalilai daban-daban dangane da lalacewar koda da sauran pathologies. Kusan gwanon sanadin gina jiki a cikin fitsari kamar haka:
- ideopathic glomerulonephritis ;
- pyelonephritis ;
- polycystic koda cuta;
- amyloidosis na kodan ;
- Alamar gamsuwa;
- tarin fuka na kodan;
- lupus nephritis;
- m tubular necrosis;
- na kullum kin amincewa da koda;
- thrombosis na ƙananan veins;
- ƙwayar ciwon koda;
- rauni ga koda.
Sanadin cututtuka:
- ciwon hawan jini;
- cututtuka masu ciwon kumburi da ƙwayoyin tumatir na tsarin dabbobi;
- Toxicinfections;
- sukari da ciwon sukari insipidus ;
- m jini cututtuka;
- ƙananan ƙonawa;
- ciwon daji na huhu ;
- m ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi na tsarin narkewa.
Urinalysis - Proteinuria
Ana gudanar da bincike irin wannan, kamar yadda ake ginawa yau da kullum, ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtukan cututtuka. Ga sauran mutanen, ana yin wannan bincike idan an sami karuwa a cikin abun ciki na gina jiki a lokacin gwaji na gaggawa. A lokaci guda, yana da matukar muhimmanci a ba da matakan don yin nazari don kauce wa sakamakon da ba a iya ba.
Daily proteinuria - yadda za a yi gwaji?
Idan kana so ka san abin da proteinuria yau da kullum yake, yadda zakuyi zubar da fitsari, dokoki masu zuwa zasu taimaka:
- A ranar tattara kayan aiki don bincike, shayar da tsarin abinci shine ya saba, ba canzawa ba.
- Ana amfani da ganga mai amfani da bakararre, tare da ƙarar da akalla lita uku, an rufe ta.
- Kashi na farko na fitsari ba zai tafi ba.
- Kwanan nan na asalin fitsari yana sanya sa'o'i 24 bayan tarin farko.
- Kafin kowace urination, ya kamata ku wanke al'amuranku tare da ruwa mai dumi tare da hanyar yin tsabtace jiki ba tare da turare ba kuma shafa bushe tare da tawul ɗin auduga.
- A ƙarshen tarin fitsari, kimanin lita 100 daga cikin kayan da aka tattara an jefa shi a cikin sabon kwalba na bakararre daga cikakken damar da aka aika zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje cikin sa'o'i biyu.
Proteinuria ne na al'ada
An yi imani da cewa yawancin gina jiki a cikin fitsari na mutumin da ke da lafiya, wanda aka tattara a yayin ranar hutawa, yana da kusan 50-100 MG. Ƙaddamar da index na 150 MG / rana shine dalili mai dalili don sauti ƙararrawa kuma gano dalilin dashi, wanda za'a iya tsara wasu ma'auni. Idan tarin tarin furotin don nazarin ana aiwatarwa akan yanayin aikin jiki, an saita iyakacin ka'idar a 250 mg / rana.
Protein a cikin fitsari - magani
Tun da ƙwayar da ake samu a cikin fitsari ba wani abu ba ne, amma daya daga cikin bayyanar cutar, wajibi ne a bi da maganin da ke haifar da irin wannan cuta. Hanyar magani zai iya zama bambanci, dangane da nau'in da tsanani da cutar, cututtuka masu kama da juna, shekaru. Sau da yawa idan yanayin ya inganta a cikin magunguna, haɓakar proteinuria ya ragu ko ya ɓace.