Kwayar kwayar cuta ta HIV wadda ke raunana tsarin rigakafi, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban ciwon sukari da cututtuka na biyu. Idan ba'a kula da wannan cuta ba, to, a matsakaicin shekaru 9 zuwa 11 bayan da kwayar cutar ta shiga jiki, mutuwar tana faruwa. Hakanan yana sa ya yiwu ya kara yawan mutumin da ya kamu da cutar har zuwa 70 zuwa 80.
HIV - menene?
Kwayar cutar dan Adam ta shafi tsarin rigakafin. Haka kuma cutar tana cigaba da sannu a hankali. Mafi raunin tsaro na karewa ya zama, yawancin lokaci marasa lafiya sun kamu da rashin lafiya. Mutane da yawa kamuwa da ciwon kirkiro masu ciwon kirki. Yawancin lokaci, rigakafi ya zama mai rauni cewa ko da m sanyi zai iya haifar da mutuwa. Rashin ƙwayar cuta ta mutum yana rinjayar mutane kawai. Ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin kamuwa da dabbobi ba su da nasara - dabbobi sun warke sauri.
Yaduwar cutar HIV
Yau, cutar rashin daidaito tana dauke da daya daga cikin cututtuka masu ci gaba. Tuni a ƙarshen shekarun 1980s, kididdigar da aka sa jama'a ta ji tsoro: a cikin kasashen da ke cikin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, kimanin mutane 120,000 ne ke fama da cutar AIDS (cutar HIV mai tsanani da kuma kusan 100,000 kamuwa da cutar HIV). Abu mafi muni shine cewa a hakika masu nuna alama sun fi girma, saboda mutane da yawa marasa lafiya basu da ma'ana game da ganewar asali kuma ba a rajista ba.
Yadda kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta dogara ne akan irin kwayoyin halittu da kuma siffofi na phenotypic. Saboda wannan, yana nuna cewa wasu marasa lafiya suna "ƙone" daga cikin cutar a cikin 'yan kwanaki, yayin da wasu ke zaune tare da cutar rashin daidaituwa har tsawon shekaru, suna jin dadi kuma ba su sani ba game da matsalolin su. A cewar kididdigar, wakilan Negroid tseren zuwa HIV ya fi sauƙi. Yammacin Turai ba su da hankali ga cutar, kuma mafi yawan "m" su ne Mongoloids.
Kasashen da cutar ta HIV ke yaduwa mafi sauri, kama da wannan:
- Brazil;
- Haiti;
- Amurka;
- Turkey;
- Indonesia;
- Bangladesh;
- Pakistan;
- Mexico;
- Birtaniya.
Ta yaya ake daukar kwayar cutar HIV?
Don samun damar kare kanka daga cutar rashin daidaito, kana buƙatar sanin hanyoyin da za a iya kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV. Madogararsa ita ce mutum mai kamu. Har ila yau marasa lafiya sun gabatar da haɗarin, wanda kwayoyin cutar ke cikin lokacin shiryawa. Mafi yawan yiwuwar cutar HIV shine ƙarshen lokacin shiryawa. A wannan lokacin, ƙaddamar da cutar ita ce mafi girma.
Kwayar cutar HIV zai iya shiga cikin dukkanin ruwaye - jini, maniyyi, furotin, ɓoye na bango, hawaye, gumi, nono nono, fitsari, giya - amma maida hankali ya bambanta, wannan yana ƙayyade mahimmancin tasirin su. Ya kamata a sauya karɓar cutar ta HIV a yanayin da ya dace. Kwayar yana bukatar ya fita daga kwayar cutar ta hanyar hanya ta jiki kuma ya shiga cikin yanayin ciki na lafiya.
Hanyoyi na HIV sun bambanta:
- jima'i;
- injection;
- Transfusion;
- dasawa;
- matsakaicin.
Ainihin, ana kawo kwayar cutar ta hanyar sadarwar jima'i. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kamuwa da cutar a cikin kwayar cutar kwayar halitta da kuma ɓoye na asibiti suna da mafi girma daga cutar HIV. A cewar kididdiga, 86% na cututtuka na faruwa a cikin sadarwar jima'i, wanda 71% na namiji ne, kuma 15% su ne ɗan kishili. Wata hanya ta watsa kwayar cutar ita ce tace. A cikin jikin yaron, HIV zai iya shiga ciki ko bayan haihuwa - tare da nono nono.
Harkokin ƙusar cutar HIV
A kowace kwayoyin kwayar cutar tana tasowa a hanyarta. Sabili da haka, yanayin saukowa na kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV bai kasance da tabbas ba. Cutar cututtuka na cutar zai iya bayyana a cikin 'yan makonni, kuma bayan shekaru bayan kamuwa da cuta. A farkon farkon lokacin shiryawa, an kafa wasu ƙwayoyin magunguna a cikin jini. Don a gano a lokacin dakin gwaje-gwaje, akalla makonni uku dole ne ya wuce daga lokacin kamuwa da cuta.
HIV - bayyanar cututtuka
A mafi yawancin lokuta, cutar tana tasowa bisa ga tsari na ainihi. Akwai matakai guda biyu na cutar HIV: mai ci gaba da tsauri. Ba da da ewa ba bayan kamuwa da cuta, bayyanar cututtuka na cutar ta bayyana, wanda zai iya rikita rikicewa da alamun mura ko sanyi mai sanyi: yawan zafin jiki ya yi tsalle, magwagwaron ya fara ciwo, ƙwayoyin lymph na karuwa . Mutane da yawa marasa lafiya da cutar rashin daidaituwa ba su haɗa duk wannan ba, domin bayan makonni 2-3 da bayyanar cutar HIV ta ƙare, kuma cutar ta wuce zuwa mataki na biyu.
"Ɓoye" cutar ta rashin daidaituwa cikin jiki zai iya zuwa daga wasu watanni zuwa shekaru da yawa. Bayan mataki na latse ya kawo ƙarshen, marasa lafiya suna ci gaba da cututtuka daban-daban, ciki har da cututtuka masu ilimin halitta. Hanyoyin cututtuka na kamuwa da cutar ta HIV sun bayyana. Daga cikin karshen:
- nauyi asarar nauyi;
- yawan ciwon kai;
- yawan sanyi;
- hare-hare na yau da kullum na zawo;
- zafi a cikin kirji;
- cututtuka na huhu;
- faɗuwar hangen nesa;
- cututtuka na hakori;
- bakin ciki da rashin tausayi.
Kwayar cutar HIV - bayyanar cututtuka a cikin mata
Saboda matakin farko na cutar, matan suna da alamun kamuwa da cutar HIV wanda ya ci gaba da daya zuwa makonni biyu:
- zazzabi;
- rashes a jiki;
- soreness a cikin makogwaro;
- ciwon kai mai tsanani kuma mai tsanani;
- Nausea;
- miki wuya;
- ƙananan nodes lymph;
- bayyanar cututtuka a cikin kogo na baki;
- ciwon ciki a cikin tsokoki da hadayu;
- daban-daban yisti cututtuka.
Lokacin da kwayar cutar rashin daidaituwa ta shiga cikin mafi tsanani - AIDS , wadannan alamun bayyanar sun bayyana:
- rashin;
- m ciyawa tare da zawo;
- yashwa;
- Tsakanin zafin jiki yana tsalle;
- busassun tari;
- lalacewa, kuma wani lokacin wani asarar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya;
- rikicewa na sani;
- ƙonewa na gabobin pelvic.
HIV - cututtuka a cikin maza
Alamar cututtuka a cikin kwayoyin da suka fi dacewa da jima'i daga mata bayyanar cututtuka ya bambanta dan kadan. Bayyanar cutar HIV a cikin mazaje kamar haka: Tun daga 5th - 10th rana bayan kamuwa da cuta, wani mummunar ya faru a jikin mai haƙuri. Bayan wani lokaci, ragowar ƙwayar lymph a cikin ƙuƙwalwa, ƙwaƙwalwa da wuyansa suna kara girma. Gland ya zama mai yawa, amma ba su kawo azaba a gare su ba. Yawancin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV da wahala mai tsanani, da mummunar hasara na ci, rashin tausayi don aiki da kuma sha'awar barci.
Matakan da cutar ta AIDS ke nunawa shine wadannan alamun bayyanar:
- zazzabi;
- mawuyacin tari marar zafi;
- zawo;
- vomiting;
- gishiri;
- zafi wanda ba zai iya saukowa ba;
- matsananciyar karuwar nauyi a jiki;
- damuwa;
- m asarar ƙwaƙwalwa.
Sanin asalin HIV
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don ƙayyade cutar HIV ita ce ELISA, immunoassay enzyme . Amfani da tsarin gwaji na musamman, wanda ke amfani da sunadarin sunadarai na cutar rashin daidaituwa, wanda zai yiwu ya ƙayyade ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa kwayoyin halitta marasa lafiya a cikin jini. Tambayoyi na zamani na HIV zai iya gano kamuwa da cuta cikin makonni 3 zuwa 5 bayan kamuwa da cuta.
Jiyya na cutar HIV
Sakamakon cutar rashin daidaituwa ita ce hanya mai mahimmanci kuma yana da muhimmanci don kusanci shi sosai. Rashin kamuwa da cutar HIV ba shi da wata kalma. Magunin ya san yawancin maganganun da ya dace. Mafi mahimmanci shine maganin rigakafi, wanda ke da manufofi masu zuwa:
- Dakatar da yawan ƙwayar cuta kuma rage girman hoto. Wato, don haka HIV ba a cikin jiki ba.
- Komawa rigakafi. Bayan rage girman kwayar cutar ta jiki, jiki zai iya ƙara yawan yawan lymphocytes CD4 da ke samar da cikakken isasshen tsarin da ba a rigakafi.
- Ƙara tsawon lokaci da darajar rayuwar mai haƙuri. Da zarar an fara, maganin lafiya yana ceton cutar HIV daga dukkanin alamun cutar.
Jiyya na HIV - kwayoyi
Magungunan Antiviral sunyi amfani da magungunan cutar da jinkirta cigaba da cututtukan cututtuka. A mafi yawancin lokuta, mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV suna karɓar shawarwari don daukar wannan magunguna:
- Nevirapine;
- Ritonavir;
- Cytovudin;
- Tenofovir;
- Etravirine;
- Delavirdine;
- Maraviroc;
- Tipranavir;
- Abacavir;
- Lamivudine;
- Nelfinavir;
- Fozamprenavir.
Jiyya na HIV tare da magunguna a gida
Kwayar cutar dan Adam ta biye da hanyoyi marasa amfani, amma bayan da ya nemi likita. Healers bayar da shawarar HIV-tabbatacce don canzawa zuwa abinci mai cin ganyayyaki mai yawan calories. Don cinye karin pistachios, oats, Pine nuts, juices, ba da gishiri, sukari, naman nama. Amfani da wadanda suka kamu da cutar. Astragalus, tushen tushen highlander tsuntsu, violet, poplar buds, licorice Tushen suna mixed a daidai yawa, zuba ta ruwan zãfi da infused na 3 hours. Abin sha jiko ya kamata ya kasance kafin cin rabin kofin.
Rashin ƙwayar cuta ta mutum - rigakafi
Don hana kamuwa da cuta kawai, idan kun san kuma ku kiyaye dokoki masu muhimmanci:
- Yin rigakafi na kamuwa da cutar HIV ya haɗa da kin amincewa da jima'i.
- A kowane lokaci akwai wajibi ne a shawo kan gwajin kwayar cutar a jiki.
- Hanyoyin da za a hana maganin cutar ta HIV sun hada da ƙin kwayoyi.