Ana samun cututtuka na kunne a jarirai. Za a iya la'akari da tsarin ƙwayoyin cutar azaman cututtuka daban-daban, da kuma ƙaddamar da kamuwa da cututtuka. Magungunan rigakafi na otitis a cikin yara ba a koyaushe ake amfani da su ba, a wasu lokuta, yana yiwuwa kuma jiyya alama.
Ina bukatan kwayoyin maganin otitis?
Yancin irin miyagun ƙwayoyi don wannan cuta ya dogara ne da irin otitis, shekarun jaririn, mataki na aikin mai kumburi. Ba a yi amfani da maganin antibiotic a otitis ba don rashin lafiya da matsakaici na cuta. A irin waɗannan lokuta, za ku iya magance cutar tare da taimakon saukad da, kayan shafa, balms, wanda aka sanya waƙa a kunne. Duk da haka, ya kamata a yi la'akari da cewa likita za a ba da kuɗin nan kawai. Hanyoyin da ba daidai ba za su iya rinjayar lafiyar yaron.
Yin maganin otitis tare da maganin rigakafi ne mafi sau da yawa ana aikata tare da purulent ko siffofin na yau da kullum. A wannan yanayin, ana gudanar da farfadowa a cikin tsari mai rikitarwa. Tare da maganin rigakafi, ana amfani da wadannan:
- anti-mai kumburi;
- mawallafi.
Pathogen otitis a cikin yara
Kumburi na kunnen a cikin yaron yakan zo ne bisa ga irin:
- Mai watsa labarun otitis;
- 'yan jarida na otitis.
A cikin nau'i na farko, an sanya tsakiyar tsakiyar kunne. Wannan yana tare da ciwo mai tsanani, saboda haka ba zai yiwu ba a kawar da farkon cutar. Magungunan daji na tsakiya na yara a cikin yara sukan haifar da kwayoyin cuta, amma a wasu lokuta kuma yana iya zama ƙwayoyin cuta. Daga cikin manyan pathogens na m otitis kafofin watsa labarai:
- pneumococcus ;
- haemophilus influenzae ;
- Sakamakon maganin cutar sida (rsv);
- mura cutar;
- adenovirus;
- rhinovirus.
Magungunan ƙwayar otit na Exides na tare da tarawar ruwa a tsakiyar kunne. Babu alamun kamuwa da cuta (ciwo, kumburi, rahoto ba a lura). Binciken cutar yana da wahala. A mafi yawancin lokuta, cutar ta wuce ta kanta, don haka baza ku nemi maganin rigakafi ba. Doctors yi amfani da dabarun, kula da lafiyar jariri, gudanar da gwaje-gwajen lokaci.
Zai yiwu a warkar da otitis ba tare da maganin rigakafi ba ga jariri?
Zai yiwu a warkar da ɗan otitis ba tare da maganin rigakafi ba. Lokacin da aka tsara maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi da kuma zabar hanyar hanyar farfadowa, likitoci suna la'akari da dalilai masu yawa:
- shekarun yaro;
- tsanani daga cikin cutar;
- sakamakon binciken.
Kula da jariran har zuwa shekaru 2 ana yin sau da yawa ba tare da amfani da kwayoyi masu cutar antibacterial ba. Yana da muhimmanci cewa duk kunnuwan ko daya suna shafar. Cikin cutar mai tsanani, cutar ba tare da amfani da maganin rigakafi ba zai iya yi. Bugu da ƙari, idan bayyanar cututtuka na otitis ba za ta ɓace ba bayan kwanaki 2-3 na maganin cututtuka, tambaya ta haifar da nada kwayoyin halitta. Dole ne likita ya wajabta magani kawai.
Abin da maganin rigakafi ya kamata in dauka da otitis?
Zaɓin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya dogara ne akan nau'in pathogen. Sau da yawa, don sanin abin da kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta ke amfani dasu a yayin da yara suke amfani da su, gudanar da bincike akan fitarwa daga kunnen kunne ko kuma fitarwa a hankali. A wasu lokuta, likitoci suna amfani da magunguna masu yawa. An ƙayyadad da tsawon lokacin maganin kwayoyin. A matsakaita, karɓar wannan kudade yana da kwanaki 5-7. A cikin yara a karkashin shekaru 6 na jiyya na iya zama kwanaki 10 (tare da mummunar irin otitis). Daga cikin masu amfani da maganin rigakafi:
- penicillins;
- cephalosporins;
- macrolides .
Penicillin a otitis
Yin magana game da abin da ake amfani da maganin rigakafi na yara a cikin yara, a cikin farko likitoci suka sanya penicillin. Sannan yaran sunyi haƙuri da jiki, suna da ƙananan sakamako. Ana amfani da kwayoyi ta hanyar allunan, da kuma dakatar (ga jarirai). Yaduwa, mita da tsawon lokacin farfadowa suna nunawa ta likita daban-daban.
Penicillin yana da tasiri akan yawancin kwayoyin halitta. Yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban su, ya hana ci gaba da bunƙasa. Daga cikin shirye-shirye da ke dauke da wannan bangaren:
- Maganin;
- Flemoxin ;
- Amoxiclav;
- Sulfatamycilin.
Cephalosporins tare da otitis
Ana iya yin maganin otitis a yara tare da maganin rigakafi tare da taimakon wannan rukuni na kwayoyi. Ana amfani da su sau da yawa lokacin da rashin haƙuri na jikin yaro na penicillin. Cephalosporins suna da maganin antimicrobial da aka ambata kuma yana da wuya haifar da rashin lafiyan halayen. Daga cikin shirye-shirye na wannan rukunin da aka yi amfani da su a fannin ilimin yara, dole ne a rarrabe:
- Cefuroxime;
- Aksetil;
- Omnitsef.
Yi amfani da maganin rigakafi don maganin otitis a yara tare da taka tsantsan. Cephalosporins tare da yin amfani da dogon lokaci na iya halakar da bitamin K. Wannan abu ya dauki wani ɓangare na aiki a cikin tsarin hematopoiesis, tsarin sarrafawa. Doctors yi la'akari da wannan gaskiyar, suna bayanin maganin kwayoyin cutar otitis a cikin yara. Idan ya kamata a yi amfani da cephalosporins, likitoci na iyakance tsawon lokacin amfani da su zuwa kwanaki 5.
Macrolides a otitis
Wadannan magungunan antibacterial na yau da kullum ana amfani dashi a wajen maganin otitis a cikin yara. Suna da matukar tasiri a wajen sarrafa kwayoyin halitta na Gram-negative. Bugu da ƙari, macrolides suna shiga cikin hanyoyin aiwatar da tsarin rigakafi na jariri, wanda ya dakatar da ci gaba da ƙonewa. Dalili akan sakamakon rigakafi, wannan kwayar cutar don kunna kunnen ba'a ba da shawarar ga yara makaranta.
Daga cikin shirye-shiryen wannan rukunin da aka yi amfani da su a fannin ilimin yara, wanda zai iya ganewa:
- Clarithromycin;
- Roxithromycin;
- Azithromycin.
Mafi kyau maganin kwayoyin maganin otitis
Ya kamata a zaɓa a kowanne ɗalibi a maganin maganin antibiotic a cikin jariri. Tare da nada wannan magani, dan jariri yana la'akari da dalilai masu yawa:
- shekarun yaro;
- nau'in pathogen;
- mataki na cutar.
Bisa ga waɗannan siffofin, ana iya jaddada cewa kwayoyin cutar antibacterial ta duniya za su taimaka sosai a cikin dukkan lokuta ba su wanzu. Iyaye ya kamata su bi umarnin likita kuma kada su kula da yaransu akan tasirin maganin, wanda, kamar yadda aboki ya ce, ya taimaka wa jaririn. Irin waɗannan ayyuka na iya cutar da jariri.
Saura a kunnuwan tare da otitis tare da kwayoyin cutar
Wannan nau'i na magunguna yana amfani dasu don maganin cututtuka na kunne. Bayan ganowar asibitocin otitis, kwayoyin cutar saukewa sun zama wuri na farko a cikin takarda na likitancin yara. Daga cikin kwayoyi da ake amfani dasu don biyan yara:
- Neladex wani shiri ne wanda ya hada da kwayoyin kwayoyi da kuma wani abu mai kumburi. Tuni bayan dawarwar farko, alamun cututtuka na ƙananan ƙananan: ƙananan rashin ƙarfi, ragowar ragewa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaban glucocorticosteroid a cikin saukad da. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don magance mazan yara, bayan shekaru 12.
- Ciprofarm - miyagun ƙwayoyi yana nufin fluoroquinolones. Wannan rukuni na maganin rigakafi ya hana girma da kuma haifar da pathogens (kwayoyin Gram-negative). An yi amfani da shi daga shekara 15.
Dakatarwa a otitis
Don kula da jarirai, kwayoyi masu cutar antibacterial a matsayin fitarwa suna amfani da su sau da yawa. Wannan shi ne saboda sauƙi na dosing da kuma kula da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Irin wannan maganin rigakafi don purulent otitis za a iya wajabta don kula da jarirai. Daga cikin kwayoyi da ake amfani da shi:
- Sumamed shine macrolide na bakan bakan. Ana iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta hanyar kwance ta kwakwalwa daga watanni 6. Magungunan yana da ɗanɗanon dandano, don haka yara suna daukar shi da jin dadi. Ana lissafta lafiyar da likita ke la'akari da nauyin jikin yaron. Yi amfani da magani sau 1 a rana.
- Augmentin wata magani ce mai sukar. An yi amfani da shi don kula da yara daga watanni 3. Ɗauki sau 3 a rana, ana lissafi sashi a kai-tsaye.
- Supraks - yana nufin cephalosporins. Ana amfani dashi da yawa don magance magunguna ta otitis na kunne a cikin yara fiye da watanni 6. An tsara nauyin yanayi da kuma yawancin liyafar ta likitancin yara.
Magunguna a Allunan
Magungunan maganin rigakafi na yara a cikin yara fiye da shekaru 6 ana tsara su ta hanyar allunan. Daga cikin kwayoyi da aka yi amfani dashi don wannan dalili shine:
- Clacid shine macrolide na bakan bakan. Za a iya amfani da nau'i mai launi don kula da yara daga shekaru 3. Ana saita nau'i da mita na liyafa a kowannensu. Tsawancin shiga shine kwanaki 5-14, dangane da tsananin cutar.
- Amoxiclav - kwayoyin cututtukan penicillin, wanda ke wakiltar haɗarin minticillin, penicillin, acid clavulanic. A cikin Alluna ana amfani dashi don kula da yara fiye da shekaru 12. Ana lissafin sashi bisa ga nauyin ƙananan marasa lafiya.
Injections a otitis
An yi amfani da maganin rigakafi na kunne a cikin yaro a cikin hanyar injections lokacin da farfado da allunan da dakatarwa ba su aiki ba. Ana amfani da maganin rigakafi na maganin otitis a cikin yara lokacin da aka gano cutar a wani mataki na ƙarshen - yana buƙatar farko da sakamakon farfadowa. Daga cikin kwayoyi da aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin hanyar maganin injections:
- Ceftriaxone na uku cephalosporin na uku, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a siffofin ƙwayoyin cuta, purulent otitis. Sashin lissafi ya lissafta shi. Ana iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi daga haihuwa.
- Cefazolin - foda don shiri na maganin allura. Ana amfani dasu don biyan yara daga wata 1.
- Cefipim - an nada shi a cikin sharuɗɗa masu ban mamaki. Dry al'amari don shiri na gaba na infusions (injections). Yana da kwayoyi masu karfi tare da babban jerin abubuwan lahani. An bai wa jarirai da jarirai miyagun ƙwayoyi a asibitin karkashin idanu likitoci.