Halinmu shine batun nazarin masana kimiyya daga farkon farkon ci gaban kimiyya. Yawancin, ko ma daruruwan ƙoƙari don ƙirƙirar nau'ikan nau'in halayen mutumin ba su kai ga hanya guda ɗaya ba. A sakamakon haka, mun kai ga ma'anar cewa muna rikitar da yanayin yanayin, halin , hali, kuma duk wannan mun kira shi kamar yadda muke so. Bari mu yi akalla kadan a cikin ma'anar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan idan ba a kan sikelin halayyar kwakwalwa ba, to, akalla don amfanin kansu a cikin lexicon.
Menene hali?
Bari mu fara da ma'anar. Halin abu ne wanda ya fi dacewa da halayyar dabi'ar mutum, wato, zabinmu na kwatsam, da kuma matakan gaggawa ba cikakke 100% na irin hali ba. Halin yana nuna kanta ta hanyar fahimtar burin da aka yi , wanda ya bambanta da halin da yake ciki, an kafa yanayin ya kuma inganta. Hanyoyin al'adu, yanayi, rayuwan yau da kullum da halaye na dabi'a da kuma ilimin lissafin hali suna rinjayar dabi'un da nau'ikan hali.
Halin halayen synonyms zai iya kasancewa sadaukarwa, so, da kuma daidaito, wanda ya haifar da wani rikice-rikitarwa - "lalacewa." Mutumin da ba shi da hankali ba ya shiryar da dabi'un rayuwarsa, amma ta hanyar haɗuwa, ta yadda wasu mutane ke so, shi yana gudana tare da kwarara. Wato, a cikin rayuwar wannan mutumin, aikin da aka yanke ba shi ba ne ta halin kirki ba, amma ta yanayi na waje.
Nau'in hali
Mafi cikakken bayani game da nau'o'in hali a cikin ilimin halayyar mutum ya ba da Kretschmer, dan likitancin Amurka. Kodayake wasu masana na ilimin halayyar mutum sunyi kokarin - Sheldon, Dagam, da kaina, Leonhard.
Kretschmer ya danganta tsarin kundin tsarin jiki da nau'in hali, ko da yake, kamar yadda aka juya daga baya, wannan ƙima ce kawai, saboda marubucin ba shi da goyon bayan kimiyya da gwaji. Don haka, bari mu dubi tsarin mulki na jiki:
- nau'in asthenic - fataccen fata, thinness, kunkuntar kunnuwan, rashin ci gaba da musculature;
- Nau'in wasan - kirji, ƙafoshin, ci gaba da tsokoki, matsakaici ko sama da girma;
- nau'in wasaniki - ƙwararren wuyansa, shugaban mai karfi, tare da ƙananan kifin jiki.
Wadannan nau'o'i uku sun kasu kashi biyu, bisa ga karfin su don rashin lafiya.
Akwai schizotimics da cyclotomics. Schizotimics mutane ne da suke da alaka da schizophrenia. Hakanan irin wannan hali na tunanin mutum yana dauke da 'yan wasa da mutanen asthenic. Schizotimics suna bambanta ta hanyar aristocracy, subtlety na ji da egoism. Suna so su yi magana game da babban, kada su nuna motsin zuciyarmu, suna bushe, sanyi da kuma baƙi.
'Yan wasan na Cyclotimics sune mutanen da, tare da ciwon kwakwalwar mutum, suna da yawancin lokutta da aka gano su tare da rashin tausayi na mutum-depressive. A cikin rayuwa suna da nau'in wasan kwaikwayo - zane-zane, mai ladabi, mai ban sha'awa da kuma ƙaunar taro mai ban sha'awa.
Duk sauran ƙididdigar sun kasance bisa ka'idar asalin Kretschmer. Ya bayyana cewa ainihin mutanen da ke da wani tsarin sunyi wani ɓangare na rikice-rikice na kwakwalwa wanda ya tashi lokacin da wani halayen halayen ya haɓaka cikin halin mutum.
Ya nuna cewa yanayinmu na jiki shine hukuncin da aka gano na gaba game da ilimin schizophrenia ko rashin lafiyar mutum-depressive? A'a. Ƙungiya ta saya waɗannan cututtuka, domin a ikon kowane ɗayan mu mu riƙe hannu a kan kututtuka na ci gaba da haɓakar psyche da kuma kyakkyawar yanayin ƙwayar cuta.