Peking kabeji - namo, musamman dasa daga cikin mafi kyau iri

Delicious da m Peking kabeji yana zama mafi shahara a kowace shekara. Daga gare ta zaka iya dafa yawan nau'in jita-jita dabam dabam da ba kawai dadi ba, amma har ma da amfani. Mene ne Peking kabeji, girma da kulawa da shuka shine muhimmin bayani ga farawa lambu.

Peking kabeji - bayanin

An shuka shuka ne, na farko a cikin gidan Cruciferae, a kasar Sin. A Amurka da Turai, wannan al'ada ta yada kawai a cikin 70s. Hanyoyin da aka shuka na Peking kabeji ba su nufin samar da yanayi na musamman, mutane da yawa sun dasa shi a kan makircinsu. Mutane suna kira shi "Saladin kasar Sin" ko "pekinka". Bayyana wannan shuka zai iya zama irin wannan gaskiyar:

1. Akwai nau'o'i uku na wannan kayan lambu: Semi-gasa, da kaiwa da laka.
2. Suna biyan kabejin Peking zuwa tsire-tsire masu shekaru biyu, amma a yawancin lokuta ana amfani dashi a matsayin al'adun shekara.
3. Kayan kayan lambu yana da lakabi na ganye tare da tsaka-tsaki na tsakiya na tsakiya da kuma rubutun m. Ƙunƙunansu suna rayewa ko kuma sun yi aiki. Launi ya haɗu da rawaya da kore hu.
4. Daban da aka kafa ginshiƙan cylindrical suna da ganyen elongated-oblong nau'i.

Peking kabeji - iri

Zai fi dacewa don kiwo don zaɓar nau'o'in matasan dake bred by shayarwa. Daga cikin shahararrun mutane na iya gane bambancin irin wannan:

1. "Girman Rasha". Wata matasan maganin yanayin da ba daidai ba, wanda bayan da yayi girma a cikin kwanaki 80. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, Peking kabeji na girma zuwa 4 kg.
2. "Cha-cha." Mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa wannan ƙirar yana haifar da lokacin da ya girma cikin yanayin yankuna. Idan kayi shukar kayan shuka da shuka shuka a farkon lokacin bazara, to ana iya girbe 'ya'yan itatuwa bayan kwana 55, don haka za'a iya kiran wannan nau'in tsakiyar kakar. A matsakaici, suna kimanin kilo 2.8.
3. Orange Mandarin. Wannan iri-iri ne farkon maturing, don haka ana iya shuka a cikin bazara. A karkashin sharaɗɗan sharaɗi, an tattara girbi kwanaki 40 bayan dasa. Shugabannin farko zasu sami nauyi na kimanin 1 kg. Ya kamata a lura da tsayayya da yanayin zafi maras kyau, don haka za'a iya amfani da wannan yanayin a Siberia.
4. A Vorozhey. Wannan shi ne nau'i-nau'i-nau'i mai tsayi-tsire-tsire wanda ya yada fadin ganyayyaki mai laushi tare da kadan. Zai fi kyau girma a matsayin kayan lambu.
5. "Nika". A matasan iri-iri da cewa samar da amfanin gona a farkon. Ƙungiyoyin suna da cikakkun nau'i a cikin siffar. A cikin ɓangaren suna rawaya. Bari mu lura, cewa a cikin sauran nau'o'in irin wannan Peking kabeji ya bambanta gaban wani katako da kakin zuma.
6. "Vesnyanka". Sauran nau'ukan iri iri na farko, wanda ke tsaye don tsayin dakawar makamai. Tun da fitowar seedlings da kuma yiwuwar girbi, a mafi yawan lokuta, kwanaki 35 sun wuce. Irin wannan Peking kabeji an dauke shi kyakkyawan al'adun salatin.
7. "Gilashin." Irin wannan iri-iri ne matsakaici, kuma girbi zai yiwu a kwanaki 70 bayan fitowar. Ganye suna da siffar elliptical, kuma suna da tsabta kuma suna launin rawaya-kore. Irin wannan nau'i-nau'i ne mai ban sha'awa da kuma samun girbi mai kyau, dole ne ya haifar da sharaɗɗan sharaɗi.

Shuka Peking kabeji a cikin ƙasa

Ba kamar yawan amfanin gona na kayan lambu ba, tsaba na Peking kabeji ba sa buƙatar yin amfani da su kafin shuka. Bugu da} ari, masu shawartar lambu sun bayar da shawara ta yin amfani da shi ba tare da saya ba, amma sun mallaki soaking a cikin damp cloth don tabbatar da dacewar iri. Idan bayan kwanaki biyar sprouts ba su bayyana ba, to, yana da kyau saya tsaba a cikin shagon. Noma na Peking kabeji daga tsaba ya kamata a gudanar bisa ga ka'idoji, wanda ya shafi zaɓin wuri mai dacewa da kuma shirya shiri na ramukan.

Pecan kabeji dasa peculiarities

Akwai ƙananan jerin abubuwan da ake buƙata don yanayin girma, wanda ya kamata a ɗauka la'akari:

1. Kula da ingancin ƙasa, wanda dole ne ya zama m. Bayanin zaɓi na nuna su a kasa. Dole a hadu da ƙasa a cikin kaka, ta yin amfani da kilogiram na 4.5 na taki da 1 m ² .
2. Zabi wani wuri don dasa shuki Peking kabeji a cikin bazara, saboda haka hasken rana bai kasance ba a ƙasa da awa 12. In ba haka ba, haɗarin furanni da tsaba suna karuwa.
3. Ana bada shawara don kulawa da zafi da iska, saboda haka a yanayin da ya kamata mai nuna alama ya zama kashi 80%, kuma ƙasa mai zafi shine 65%.
4. Zai zama mai kyau wajen bunkasa Peking kabeji, wanda aka shuka a cikin ƙasa inda tsohon yayi cucumbers, karas, dankali, albasa da tafarnuwa. An ba da shawarar shuka kayan lambu bayan radish, turnips da sauran shuke-shuke cruciferous.
5. Don kare kabeji daga daukan hotuna zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye ko sanyi, zaka iya ɓoye gadaje tare da rikici.

Distance tsakanin Peking kabeji a lokacin dasa

Za'a iya gudanar da noma da tsaba ko seedlings, don haka za mu tantance duka zaɓuɓɓuka:

1. Dokokin dasa shuki Peking kabeji seedlings yana nufin ajiye tsaba a cikin tukwane da ƙasa zuwa zurfin ba fiye da 1 cm Zai fi kyau shuka don haka nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire masu zuwa shine 1-2 cm. Shoots ya kamata ya bayyana bayan 'yan kwanaki. Tashi seedlings a cikin ƙasa na ƙasa zai iya zama, lokacin da akwai 4-5 real ganye.
2. Lokacin da dasa shuki Peking kabeji, namo a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi ya shafi shirye-shiryen gadaje, wanda bai kamata ya zama fadi ba. Tsakanin ramuka da layuka ya kamata nesa da minti 25-30. A gefuna, zaka iya yin ramuka mai zurfi, inda zafin ƙasa zai narke a yayin da ake yin watering.

Shuka kwanakin kabeji na kasar Sin

Tsarin doka wanda dole ne a ɗauka la'akari, idan an so, don shuka irin wannan kabeji yana da lokacin dacewa. Lokacin mafi kyau shine farkon spring (Afrilu 15-20) ko tsakiyar lokacin rani (Yuli 20 zuwa Agusta 10). Idan ba a la'akari da lokacin dasa lokacin Peking kabeji ba, to sai shuka zata harba kibiyoyi da fure, don haka ba za a iya kidaya girbi mai kyau ba. Ana iya girbe iri na farko bayan kwanaki 40-55 bayan dasa, sannan daga bisani - a cikin kwanaki 60-80.

Kasar Sin - kabeji da kulawa

Idan kayi kula da wannan al'adun kayan lambu, zaka iya samun girbi mai kyau. Noma na Peking kabeji a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi yana haifar da cirewa na yau da kullum da ke hana tsire-tsire. Tsayar da bayyanar su ta hanyar mulching , alal misali, ta amfani da ciyawar busassun. Bugu da ƙari, ta yin amfani da wannan hanya, za ka iya ci gaba da daɗa cikin ƙasa. Don samun kwasfa mai yaduwa na kabeji Peking, dole ne ya kamata a yi amfani da wata hanyar da za a yi amfani da shi a matsayin mai ɗaukar nauyi. Don ciyarwa shi ne a farkon bayyanar ovary.

Hanyoyin da suka shafi girma a cikin ƙasa - ƙasa

Babu bukatun musamman game da ƙasa inda za a bunkasa al'adun kayan lambu, kuma tare da kulawa mai kyau wanda zai iya samun girbi mai arziki. Masu ba da shawara suna ba da shawarwarin zabar haske da ƙasa mai kyau wanda ke shafe mai daɗi sosai kuma baya riƙe da danshi, wato, ya kamata a cire abun yumbu. Zai fi kyau noma da kula da Peking kabeji a kan loam.

Don girma seedlings, shi ne mafi kyau ga Mix humus tare da kwakwa substrate, na biyu bangaren ya zama sau biyu a matsayin. Wani zaɓi mai dacewa shine cakuda a daidai rabbai na turf da peat. Tsarin kabeji, girma a cikin ƙasa, zai bunkasa kyau a cikin ƙasa idan an kara nau'in humus a kowane kyau.

Peking kabeji - girma zazzabi

Don ci gaba da sauri, kula da yanayin yanayi. Peking kabeji, abincin da ba ya buƙatar tsara yanayi na musamman, yana da sanyi. Tsaba za su iya germinate a 4-6 ° C, kuma seedlings iya tsayayya da kadan daskarewa. Don samar da kyakkyawan shugaban, daji na kabeji na kasar Sin ya kasance a zafin jiki na 13-20 ° C. Idan masu nuna alamar sun kasance ƙasa da ƙimar da aka ƙayyade, to, akwai haɗarin haɗari na fara farawa.

Yanayin namo na Peking kabeji - watering

Amma ga amfanin gonar lambu, yana da muhimmanci ga kabeji yayi girma a cikin adadin da ake buƙata a lokacin namo. Tabbatar cewa ƙasa ba ta bushe ba, amma bai kamata ya juyawa ba saboda tsarkewar moisturizing yana haifar da cututtukan fungal da lalata tushen. Kula da Peking kabeji a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi yana nuna aiwatar da watering kowace kwana uku, idan babu hazo. Lokacin da yake girma a cikin wani greenhouse, ana gudanar da irri na kimanin sau ɗaya a mako.

Noma na Peking kabeji a kasar - ciyar

Don samun amfanin gona mai kyau, an yi amfani da takin mai magani ma'adinai, amma ba za a iya amfani da su ba, kamar yadda a cikin gonar farin kabeji, in ba haka ba nitrates zasu tara a cikin ganyayyaki ba. Ya kamata a lura cewa ya fi dacewa wajen gudanar da kayan ado mai kyau na Peking kabeji a cikin bazara, barin kuma dasa a cikin wannan yanayin yana nufin amfani da takin mai magani. Tsarin yana haɗuwa da kyau don haɗuwa a cikin potassium. Ana bada shawara don zuba dintsi na itace a karkashin tushen kabeji, wanda ba zai zama mai kyau taki ba, amma kuma kare lafiyar kwari.

Peking kabeji - cututtuka da kwari

Don samun girbi mai kyau, yana da muhimmanci a bi shuka don lura da matsaloli mai wuya a wannan lokacin. Noma na Peking kabeji da kulawa na waje yana nufin magance cututtuka da kwari:

1. Rashin matsanancin zafi yana haifar da bayyanar fararen fata, launin toka da baƙar fata, da cututtuka na fungal.
2. A cikin yanayin bushe, ƙwayoyi daban-daban sun haifa, alal misali, slugs , fassaran giciye da kwari, butterflies da sauran kwari. Don sarrafa kwari, ana amfani da wannan hanyar: jiko na tafarnuwa, wani bayani na ammonia da sauransu.