Doping ga 'yan wasa - haramtacciyar rigakafi da izini

Mutane da yawa sun manta da lakabobi da lakabi da zarar ya bayyana cewa jikinsu yana dauke da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa. Har yanzu, akwai tambayoyi da shakku da dama tsakanin manyan masana game da ko zai yiwu a yi amfani da doping. Don amsa wannan tambaya, yana da muhimmanci a gano abin da yake kuma dalilin da yasa aka yi amfani dashi.

Doping - menene shi?

Doping - shi ne amfani da abubuwan da aka dakatar da su na halitta ko asalin roba, wanda ya ba ka damar samun sakamako mafi kyau a wasanni. Yin amfani da kwayoyi yana inganta cigaba ta wucin gadi a cikin aiki na endocrine da kuma juyayi tsarin, yana ƙara ƙwayar tsoka saboda sunadaran kira. Irin waɗannan kwayoyi an ladafta su a jerin sunaye na Hukumar Duniyar Duniya. Amfani da su yana haifar da cututtukan cututtuka masu ban sha'awa kuma suna cutar da lafiyar mutane.

Yaya aikin aikin doping?

Hanyoyin hormonal anabolic sune sunaye mafi mashahuri. Irin wadannan kwayoyi masu tsantsa suna dauke da kwayar cutar, wanda aka samar da kwayoyin namiji. Tare da taimakon anabolic karuwa a ƙarfin jiki, ƙarfin tsoka da jimiri yana faruwa. Bayan amfani da wasu karfi tare da taimakon magungunan, su tare da sabon karfi suna tada hankalin jikin mutum zuwa sabon matakin.

Doping a wasanni - "don" da "a kan"

Domin mai wasan yana da muhimmiyar sakamako, wanda zai iya cimma tare da taimakon horo. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da dukkan hanyoyi masu amfani don cimma sakamako mai kyau. Zai zama kuskure ga nuna munafurci furcin sha'awar adana lafiyar 'yan wasa. Kuma kawai wasan kwaikwayo na wasanni yana bawa mai kulawa damar kula da aikin aiki na jiki tare da karfin jiki.

Bayanin masana akan ko yana yiwuwa a yi amfani dope, tarwatsa. Masana kimiyya wadanda suka yi magana, suna cewa:

1. Izinin yin amfani da doping zai sa wasanni lafiya, akwai sha'awar bunkasa magungunan lafiya da mafi inganci.
2. Hanyoyin da ake yi na doping zai taimaka wajen hana magungunan miyagun kwayoyi da cutar ga 'yan wasa.

Masana kimiyya wadanda suka yi tsayayya, suna cewa:

1. Izinin izinin yin aiki zai iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa 'yan wasan na gida zasu fara karɓar shi kuma amincin wasanni na iya rushewa.
2. 'Yan wasan da suke daukar nauyin, sun sa kansu cikin babbar haɗari: cututtukan zuciya, ƙananan cholesterol , maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi, hasara hanta mai haɗari, canji cikin jima'i, zalunci.
3. Doping ya sa wasanni ba su da kyau, zai daina bambanta da duk wani aiki na kasuwanci.
4. Yin amfani da doping yana haifar da wasanni mara kyau, ya saba da ra'ayi na daidaito tsakanin 'yan wasa, kuma nasara a wannan yanayin ba ta samu ta hanyar horo ba, amma ta hanyar maganin jiki na jiki zuwa abu.

Irin doping

Akwai nau'o'in doping a cikin wasanni:

1. Ƙwaƙwalwa . Suna taimakawa don ƙara yawan aiki, karfin jini, aikin zuciya, rushe thermoregulation.
2. Analgesics . Suna shafar tsarin kulawa mai zurfi, ƙara yawan ciwon daji , kuma dan wasan da ke cikin rauni ba zai iya fahimtar muhimmancinta ba, wanda zai haifar da lalacewa.
3. Beta-blockers . Suna taimakawa wajen rage yawan ƙwayar zuciya, sunyi tasiri sosai, inganta daidaituwa, ana amfani da su inda babu bukatar yin aiki mai tsanani.
4. Diuretics . Taimako don rage nauyi. Anyi amfani da irin wannan kwayoyi domin inganta yanayin jin daɗin tsokoki da kuma kafin sarrafawa don cire sauri daga jikin kwayoyi haramtacciyar.
5. Erythropoietin inganta haƙuri.
6. Girmone na ci gaba yana inganta ci gaba da ƙwayar tsoka, raguwa mai laushi, ƙara warkar da raunuka, ƙarfafa rigakafi.
7. Insulin . An yi amfani dashi a wasanni na ikon.
8. Anabolic steroids . Suna taimakawa wajen kara yawan ƙwayar tsoka zuwa kilo goma a kowace wata, ƙara ƙarfin, juriya, yawan aiki, rage yawan ajiyar mai.
9. Gene ta dakatarwa . Wannan shi ne sauya kayan kwayoyin halitta ko kwayoyin halitta cikin jiki. Yawancin lokuta sun fi karfi da sauran kwayoyi da suka wanzu.

Doping ga 'yan wasa

Doping a wasanni ya koma kwanakin da USSR. A wancan lokaci, likitoci sunyi amfani da dukkanin kwayoyi don inganta halayyar 'yan wasa. A hankali an tsara jerin sunayen maganin gargajiya:

1. Erythropoietin abu ne da aka haramta don 'yan wasa.
2. Anabolic steroid a cikin hanyar testosterone, stanozolol, nandrolone, methenolone.
3. Cigar jini - autohemotransfusion da jini jini.
4. Mawuyacin hankali a cikin nau'in cocaine, ephedrine, ecstasy, amphetamines.

Doping ga kwakwalwa

Doping for chess 'yan wasan suna wakiltar da kwayoyi da inganta aikin kwakwalwa, aiki na tunanin mutum, simulators da nootropics, tsohon na da tasiri amma gajere, tasirin na da tasiri sakamako, ya dace da na tsawon lokaci stimulation. A cikin adadin farko da na biyu, kwayoyi sun taimaka wajen:

• zubar da jini a kwakwalwa;
• inganta ingancin abinci na kwakwalwar kwayoyin halitta;
• kawar da iskar oxygen yunwa;
• inganta cikewar kwarewa;
• ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, hankali.

Doping don jimiri

Kayan shafawa ko kariya na halitta yana taimaka wajen cimma burin da aka saita. An yi amfani da takaddama mai guba don gudana a cikin nau'o'in analeptic, haɗari masu girma, diuretics da magungunan anabolic. Abubuwan da aka tsara sunaye ne, beets, mollusks, leuzeem, St. John's wort. Kowannensu yana taimakawa:

• inganta cike da aiki da aiki;
• kawar da gajiya;
• karuwa na sautin;
• ƙarfafawar tsoka nama girma;
• excretion na ruwa.

Doping for gina jiki

Dandalin jamiái na taimakawa wajen gina tsoffin muscle, sun inganta ƙarfin da ƙona mai. Dandalin magani a jikin jiki yana wakiltar wadannan kwayoyi:

1. Hypoxen, ƙara ƙarfin hali ta hanyar 15%, kawar da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, inganta yin amfani da iskar oxygen a cikin jini, yana da tasiri mai amfani akan tsarin kwakwalwa, wannan nau'i ne na kare zuciya.
2. Pentoxifylline, lowers da danko da jini, dilates jini. Contraindicated a cikin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da kuma hawan jini. Ana bayar da maganin miyagun kwayoyi.
3. Schisandra, inganta ƙararrakin tsarin kulawa ta tsakiya, inganta narkewa da kuma barci.
4. Matakan potassium yana da hannu wajen halittar kwayoyin sunadarai, yana taimakawa wajen gina tsoka.

Doping don ƙarfi

Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da za a samu don cimma burin wasanni shine ƙarfin jiki. Saboda wannan, 'yan wasa suna amfani da kwayoyi masu mahimmanci:

1. Mai aiwatar da aikin motsa jiki, qara qarawa, yana da sakamako mai kyau a kan tsarin mai juyayi, ciwon zuciya-jijiyo da kuma tsoka.
2. Amino acid taimakawa cikin halayen gina jiki.
3. "Amino acid sashi". Ana nuna sakamakon tsinkaye a karuwa a cikin makamashi ta kashi 10%, sabunta glycogen a cikin tsokoki.
4. L-carnitine ƙara ƙaruwa, sauke gajiya, ciwo, yana ƙone kitsen fat.
5. Methionine, yana bada ƙarfin hali na jiki , bai yarda da jiki ya ragu ba.

Menene cutarwa game da doping?

Doping yana rinjayar yanayi na ruhaniya, haifar da zalunci, jin ƙishi ga nasara da nasara ga abubuwan da aka saita. Amma saboda ana amfani da kwayoyin anabolic daga namiji na hormones, sun kawar da tsarin endocrine na namiji, wanda zai kai ga:

• ragowar gwajin, aikin haɗarsu na hormonal;
• rage karfin haɗaka don cika rashin haihuwa;
• jigilar kitsoyin mai, a wuraren da ke halayyar jikin mace;
• karuwa na mammary gland.

A cikin mata matacce ya auku a kan kai bisa ga nau'in namiji da gashi, gashi yana fitowa akan fuska, kirji, ciki, murya ya zama mummunan, maras kyau, raƙuman lokaci ya ɓace, ɓangaren ya zama abin ƙyama, ɓoyewar glandon da kuma haɓaka haifuwa yana ƙaruwa. Rashin haɓakawa a cikin maza da mata an nuna shi a karuwa a matakin cholesterol, bayyanar atherosclerosis, ci gaban ischemia, lalata hanta.

Yadda za a yi dope?

Idan kana so ka yi aiki a gida ba tare da wani karin kudi ba, zaka iya amfani da wadannan girke-girke:

1. Abincin makamashi. Tana sauti kuma yana motsawa. Brew ruwan zãfi uku kwandon shayi a cikin 200 ml na ruwa. Bayan minti goma, zub da bayani a cikin kashin filastik na kwalban lita, cika sauran da ruwan sanyi. Ƙara ƙarar 20 na ascorbic acid, girgiza, wuri a cikin daskarewa. A lokacin motsa jiki, ka sha ruwan a cikin ƙananan yanki.
2. Sha ba tare da maganin kafeyin ba. Ɗauki kwalban, zuba a cikin rabin lita na ruwa mai ma'adinai, kwashe wasu 'ya'yan cakuda zuma a ciki, ƙara ruwan' ya'yan itace na lemun tsami daya, 0.15-0.30 g na albarkatun acid , 10-20 saukad da tincture na maye gurbin adaptogen. Irin wannan abincin zai cika ku da makamashi, bugu da kari yana ƙarfafawa da motsawa.

Doping - abubuwan ban sha'awa

A karo na farko ya zama sananne game da doping a lokacin gasar Olympics a shekarar 1960. Yin amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyi marasa laifi shine an zama matsala mafi muhimmanci na wasanni na zamani kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu ban sha'awa:

1. A lokacin wasanni a cikin baka-bamai, 'yan wasa suna daukar kwayoyi guda daya kamar likitoci a lokacin aiki don kada hannayensu su yi rawar jiki.
2. Yayin da ake yin amfani da kariyar takaddama ga mata masu wasa suna daukar jarrabawar ciki, saboda masana kimiyya sun fahimci cewa halin da ake ciki zai iya kara yawan karfin jiki.
3. A shekarun 1990 na karni na karshe, masana kimiyya sun karbi jini daga 'yan wasa, suka shafe su, sa'an nan kuma suka zub da su a tsakar rana. Wannan ya taimaka wajen inganta yanayin wurare, ƙara ƙaruwa. A lokaci guda, babu wanda zai iya gano alamun shirye-shirye haramta.
4. A ƙarshen karni na ashirin, an tabbatar da cewa kusan dukkanin 'yan wasa daga rukuni na kayan nauyi sun lashe ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyi masu guba.

'Yan wasan sun kama shi a doping

Tarihin wasanni na duniya ya tuna da 'yan wasan da suka shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo:

1. Ben Johnson . Kwararren Kanada, wanda ya lashe kyautar Olympics na 1984, ya ci nasara da lambar mita fiye da goma, sau biyu ya karya tarihin duniya. A shekara ta 1988 aka kama shi, an kore shi don rayuwa.
2. Lance Armstrong , ya zama zakara bakwai a cikin motar "Tour de France", bayan da ya yi fama da ciwon daji. A shekarar 2012 an yanke masa hukuncin kisa kuma an yanke masa hukunci don rayuwa. An tilasta magoya bayan da ya mayar da duk kyautar, sunayen sarauta, amma wannan bai hana shi zama labari ba.
3. Yegor Titov . Dan wasan Rasha, wanda a lokacinsa ya taka leda a cikin ɓangaren "Spartacus", sannan a "Khimki", da "Locomotive". A shekara ta 2004, an kore shi har shekara guda. A cewar masana da yawa, saboda rashin Titov a cikin tawagar, tawagar da ke cikin wannan ba ta yi nasara ba. Yanzu Titov ke shiga cikin koyawa.