Philodendron - wani na gida houseplant daga iyalin aroid, a yanayin yanayi faruwa a cikin tropics na Kudancin Amirka. An raba jinsin zuwa ƙungiyoyi biyu kuma yana da kusan 220 nau'in. Ƙungiyar ta farko ta haɗa da lianas, wanda ya dace da yanayin da ɗayan ɗakin keyi. Suna buƙatar goyon baya ga mai tushe. Ƙungiyar ta biyu ta haɗa da wadanda basu da lianas, suna girma zuwa manyan masu girma.
Ka'idodin ka'idodin kulawa da philodendron a gida
Philodendrons sun bambanta a bukatunsu:
- Daga cikin su akwai furanni masu ban sha'awa, wanda, tare da ƙananan canje-canje a cikin yanayin rayuwa, bayyanar ta zama mummunar. Don haka, a cikin filodendron raba lokacin da hasken da zafi na iska ya rage, da kyau uku-lobed ganye zama karkatacciya da kuma dukan. Wani daga cikin su ya hada da wani mashafanci mai mahimmanci, mai suna philodendron na zinariya-black da kuma filodendron da aka yi wa ado. Sun fi kyau su yi girma a cikin florarium tare da haske da kuma yawan zazzabi mai zafi + 20-25 ° C, ba tare da canje-canje masu kyau ba.
- Kadan ƙwararrun masu amfani da magungunan philodendrons (gida), gitarovidny, cheshuyusny, blushing, brilliant, climbing, etc. A gare su, yawan zafin jiki yana + 16-25 ° C, a cikin hunturu ba a kasa + 12 ° C.
Haskewa
Ana karfafa dukkan masu amfani da linzamin kwamfuta don watsa haske, ba tare da hasken rana ba. Mafi kyau a gare su akwai windows a gabas da yamma. Idan haske bai ishe ba, to:
- barci a rage yawan labaran da ake yiwa philodendrons;
- ƙaddamar da cuttings;
- maimakon tsire-tsire suna girma gaba ɗaya;
- launi na ganye ya zama ƙasa mai haske;
- a variegated siffofin ganye juya kore.
Danshi da kuma watering
Don zafi da iska, rukuni na tsire-tsire masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi suna da wuya. Musamman, magungunan warty philodendron na fama da mummunan rauni a cikin watanni mudu (rani da hunturu). Saboda karammiski ya bar ba a bada shawara don yada shi ba, yana yiwuwa a yaduwa tsuntsaye a kusa da ruwa. Ƙara yawan zafi a cikin hunturu za a iya amfani dashi mai mahimmanci na musamman ko rataya tawul din rigaka a kan batura.
Sauran Philodendrons a cikin ɗakin dakunan, don haka launi yana da kyau kuma yana haskaka hasken rana, sau ɗaya a mako kana buƙatar cire turɓaya, shafa tare da soso mai tsami. Sau ɗaya a wata kana buƙatar shirya bathing da watering don shuke-shuke. Yi noma duk tukwane cikin ruwa, kuma yayin da ƙasa ke cike da danshi, wanke turbaya daga ganye.
Don shayar da ruwa ya zama wajibi mai sauƙi-ta ruwa bayan da bushewa mai sauƙi na saman saman ƙasa. A lokacin rani, ruwa da tsire-tsire zai fi dacewa kowace 2-3 days, guje wa overmoistening na kasar gona. A cikin hunturu, watering ya kamata a rage.
Philodendron: haifuwa da kuma dasawa
Sake yin amfani da launi na yau da kullum an yi a cikin bazara, kafin a dasawa, ta hanyar daɗaɗɗa, tare da sassan sassa tare da ko ba tare da ganye ba. Tushen su cikin ruwa ko gansakuka sphagnum. Fancy iri na philodendrons sun fi kyau suyi tushe a cikin greenhouse. Yi amfani da wannan hanya: akwati da takarda mai kyau, inda iska ta bayyana, an nannade shi sosai a sphagnum. Sa'an nan kuma kunshe da ganyen tare da fim din abinci. Kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa gansakun ne ko da yaushe rigar. Lokacin da kayan aiki na gaba yana da ganye biyu ko uku da asali masu kyau, ana yanka shi da wuka mai kaifi, kuma an yanka shi da abincin da aka kunna. Shuka hatsi da ganga a cikin ƙasa a cikin karamin tukunya. Non-lianas amfani da 'ya'yan harbe maimakon cuttings.
A lokacin bazara, ana safar da philodendron: matasa - a kowace shekara, yawancin manya - kowane shekaru biyu, sannan kawai maye gurbin saman kasusuwar ƙasa a cikin tukunya.
Wadanne ƙasa za ta shuka Philodendron?
- Matsarin da ake dasawa da kayan aiki na philodendrons yana da karfi, mai haɗari da iska da cinyewa.
- Don kawai tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, daɗaɗɗun maniyyi mai tsabta, kananan ƙwayoyin gawayi da haushi barkan suna haɗuwa.
- Don matasa shuke-shuke sun shirya cakuda humus da peat (2: 0.2: 1) tare da kara da mur, gwanuka, da haushi.
- Don tsire-tsire masu girma, ana amfani da manyan kayan aikin a cikin wani rabo na 2: 1: 1.
Philodendron: flowering
A cikin yanayi na cikin gida ba kowane nau'i na philodendron ba ne kuma yana bada 'ya'ya. Furensa suna ƙananan, sun zo cikin launi daban-daban, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin spiky inflorescence, an rufe shi da takarda-kamar hood - wani shãmaki. Furewa na philodendron sau da yawa yana faruwa a cikin bazara da kuma lokacin rani.
Philodendron: Cututtuka da Matsala
Alamar rashin kulawa ga Philodendron a gida shi ne cewa tsire-tsire suna juya launin rawaya. Idan ganye sun juya rawaya daga gefuna kuma sun rasa turgor (rot), filodendron na shan wahala daga ambaliya. Labaran ganye tare da rawaya rawaya suna nuna wata rana. Amma, idan ganye sunyi launin rawaya, kuma babu juyawa na filodendron, dalilin rashin abinci.
Zuwa yawan rashin lafiya na philodendron shi ma lalacewar mai tushe ne, dalilin ya zama rot. Mafi sau da yawa wannan cuta manifests kanta a cikin hunturu, a yanayin low zafin jiki da wuce haddi danshi, kamar yadda naman gwari Multiplies. Cure da Philodendron dasa a cikin tukunya, tada yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin kuma iyaka irrigation.
Ga kwari da ke shafi Philodendron ne thrips , scabbard da gizo-gizo mites .
Philodendron ya zama mashahuri mai ban sha'awa na cikin gida saboda nau'o'in nau'o'in jinsuna, wanda ya bambanta da siffar da launi na manyan ganye. Kuma, idan ka zabi jinsin tsire-tsire maras kyau, suna bin wasu dokoki, ana iya shimfida su da kuma ado kowane ɗaki.