Daga cikin nauyin kwalliyar, an tilasta waƙar Turkiyya da siffar hatsi da kuma kyawawan kaddarorin masu amfani, shi ne tushen tushen yawan abinci na gargajiya na Gabas ta Gabas. Wannan gonar amfanin gona tana da abinci mai gina jiki a gaban dukkanin dangin da yake da shi kuma ya cancanci yin rajistar a kowane lambun gida.
Turkanci Peas (chickpeas) - bayanin
Gidan yana da sunayen da yawa - chick pea, polka Peas, Girka Peas, Peas mutton. Tsari na ƙwayar turkey da gajeren hatsi 1-2, a wasu maki har zuwa guda 4, 'ya'yan itatuwa da tabawa suna da mummunan rauni, a waje suna kama da ɗan rago. Nut - mai mahimmanci, shuka shi a bayan gida zai kawo mai yawa ga mai shi. Ko da taƙaitacciyar taƙaitaccen lissafi na isa ga ƙwayar turkey yana taimakawa wajen tantance dukkanin muhimman al'amurran da suka samu daga noma a cikin yankunan da ke kewayen birni.
Menene sananne ga Peasan Turkiyya:
- Chickpeas za a iya cinyewa a cikin wani tafasa da tafarki mai sauƙi, babban adadi ya tsiro wake.
- Ƙananan glycemic index sa peas wani muhimmin abu a cikin abinci masu ciwon sukari.
- Da adadin sunadaran, chickpeas ba su da mahimmanci ga naman nama, saboda haka ana bada shawara ga masu cin ganyayyaki da Krista don amfani a lokacin azumi.
- A cikin Turkiyya da yawa akwai phosphorus, akwai magnesium da potassium, riboflavin da lecithin, manyan kwayoyin.
- Bugu da ƙari ga abincin abinci, ana iya amfani da peas Turkiyya don dalilai na abinci.
- An yi imanin cewa dangane da darajar abincin sinadirai, waɗannan ƙudan zuma zasu maye gurbin kifaye a cikin abincin abinci.
- Kayan gwangwani na wannan shuka suna da amfani da kuma dadi, kuma ana amfani da gari daga gare su don yin burodi da kuma dafa abinci.
Chickpea - saukowa
Batun Turkiyya ba su kasance cikin tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire ba. Kullum yakan jure yanayin saurin yanayi kuma bayan ruwan sama yana ci gaba da ciyayi, yana kawo kyakkyawan girbi. Mafi yawan muni irin wannan legumes na tsiro tare da yawan hazo, mamakin askohitosis, haifar da rashin nasarar ovary. An dasa wannan shuka a matsayin yanayin sanyi mai sanyi na dogon rana, tsayayya da tsananin sanyi a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara. A Uzbekistan, dasa shuki na kaji yana faruwa a cikin kaka.
Yadda za a dasa chickpeas?
Peas ba su rage ƙasa ba, akasin haka, hakan yana ƙara yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa a kan shafin, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mahimmanci ga dukan amfanin gona. Yanayi mai mahimmanci - rashin ciyayyun weeds, yana damun kulawar gadaje. Abincin abun ciki na ƙasa yana shafar zurfin seeding. A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, ana rufe su a 6-8 cm, idan an samar da amfanin gona a cikin wani lokacin bushe, to, ƙara zurfin dasa shuki zuwa minti 10. Don haɓaka girma da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana amfani da taki ma'adinai don shuka chickpea - nitrate, nitroammophosco , superphosphate .
Yadda za a shuka turkey Peas:
- jere (shuka shuki bayan 15 cm),
- hanyar tace (yawancin jerin samfurori da karamin raguwa),
- Ƙididdiga mai zurfi (nisa daga layuka tsakanin 45-60 cm).
Shin ina bukatan wanke kajin kafin dasa?
A cikin rani mai bushe, ana bada shawara ga ƙwaƙwalwar kaza, dasa da shuka itacen a wannan hanya ba ya bambanta a cikin hadarin. An shirya tsaba da aka shirya don shuka suna da ruwa kuma sun bar tsawon sa'o'i 12, suna canza ruwa bayan 3 hours. Zai yiwu, a lokaci daya tare da soaking, don yin maganin iri tare da shirye-shirye na stimulant wanda ke bunkasa germination. Idan ƙasa tana da m, to, an shuka wake ba tare da soaking ba.
Yayin da za a dasa chickpeas?
Samar da tsire-tsire a cikin bazara a wurare daban-daban daban daban ya bambanta da yanayin gida. Agronomists bayar da shawarar daidaitawa a cikin wannan batu a kan zafi da yawan zafin jiki na kasar gona. Rigarrun hunturu zuwa harbe na Turkanci ba su da kyau, sabili da haka lokacin mafi kyau na shuka chickpeas yana farfaɗo saman kasan ƙasa zuwa zafin jiki na 5-6 ° C.
Yaya za a yi girma a cikin ƙasa?
Ba kamar ƙwayar ba, wannan tsire-tsire ba shi da ƙwaya kuma yana da matukar damuwa don zamawa. Don amfanin gona na wannan amfanin gona mai yalwa da ƙasa mai laushi, ana samun mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin dachas lokacin shuka a kan gadaje da wuri na hatsi na 15 cm zuwa 20 cm. sunadarai.
Popular irin turkey Peas:
- Jihar gona. Yana nufin yanayin iri-iri-iri, ciyayi yana da kwanaki 105. Protein a hatsi - har zuwa 24%, samar da kyakkyawan fasaha mai noma - 3.8 kg / 10 sq.m. Ƙananan mamaki da askohitosis.
- Krasnokutsky 195. Akwai ire-iren iri mai kyau, mai dadi, masu girma da wake da kyau. Ganye na shuka suna sprawling, fari-resistant, da pods ba crack. Kayan chickpeas lokacin da girma bisa ga dukkan ka'idojin aikin noma - 3,5 kg / 10 sq.m.
- Anniversary. Bushes ya ba da nauyin launin rawaya mai launin ruwan rawaya da dandano mai kyau da gina jiki mai gina jiki. A yawan amfanin ƙasa na wannan iri-iri ne har zuwa 3 kg / 10 sq.m.
- Budzhak. Ukrainian iri-iri tare da haske m wake, bushes kafa, lokacin girbi ne kwanaki 90. Yawan amfanin gona ya kai har zuwa 1.8 t / ha.
Baturke Turkiya - watering
Don kaji suna dace da yanayin girma a cikin yanayin zafi, ana buƙatar watering kawai a cikin shekaru bushe. Cikar daji na nama tare da ruwa yana haifar da lahani, yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa cututtukan fungal. Ruwa da ke samun kwaskwarima yana jawo hankalinsu. Yana da kyawawa don ruwa ba shuka ba, amma kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, guje wa lalacewa da matsanancin spraying na droplets zuwa ga tarnaƙi. Tsaya gaba da dakatar da ƙuƙumar Turkiyya a lokacin lokacin girkewa yayin da ake aiwatar da yanayin mutuwa na kore taro.
Kayan karancin Peas din Turkiyya - hawan tsawa
Mutane da yawa suna son kwasfa, amma ba su koyon irin yadda za su dasa tsire-tsire ba, suna dogara ga burin yanayi. Don jin tsoro na takin gargajiyar bazai zama ba, daidai yadda aka yi amfani da takin mai magani ya karu yawan amfanin gona. Yana da kyawawa don aiwatar da waɗannan ayyukan a lokacin bazara, saka kayan ma'adinai (superphosphate) kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, ko kuma lokacin ci gaba mai girma na Peas turkey (saltpetre).
Kashi na superphosphate don amfanin gona da aka ba shi har zuwa 30-40 g ta 1 sq. M, yana da kyau a gabatar da shi a cikin kaka lokacin da ke yin kyan ƙasa. A farkon lokaci na ci gaban, peas na buƙatar nitrogen, wanda shine mai sauki don samar da tsarin tushen tare da taimakon gishiri. Ana yin gyare-gyare mafi kyau lokacin da tsirrai suka kai ga tsawo na 5-8 cm a daidai lokacin da 10-15 g da guga na ruwa. Shirye-shiryen nitragin akan kwayoyin nodule, wanda hakan yana ƙaruwa sosai akan kowane tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, sun sami karbi mai kyau.
Turkiyya - kulawa
Wannan al'ada yana da tsayi tsire-tsire (50-60 cm), amma ba su karya akan ƙasa ba kuma suyi kullun kamar Peas. Babban haɗari ga turken Turkiyya shine tsire-tsire, wanda aka lalace ta hanyar lalata. Turawan Turkiyya sun bunkasa da kyau a kan dukkan kasa sai dai ga mai zurfi, ruwa, tare da ruwa mai zurfi. Dole ne a yi ƙoƙari ku dasa tsaba a farkon lokaci, lokacin da har yanzu a cikin ƙasa yana cike da danshi, da ake buƙata don tasiri da kuma jurewa na wake.
Sakamakon m harbe yana kara yawan tarin ƙasa bayan shuka. Idan kasar gona ta rufe ɓawon burodi, kuma harbe basu riga ya bayyana ba, to sai su sassauta ƙasa. Yana da kyawawa don kiyaye ƙasa tsabta daga weeds. Ana amfani da maganin herbicides na aikin zabi ga kajin ba, da dasa, da kuma kulawa a cikin ƙasa bude shi ne a cikin dachas yafi ta hannu.
Namo na chickpeas - cututtuka da kwari
Akwai manyan matsalolin uku da suke jiran mutum wanda yake so yayi girma a Turkiyya a cikin lambu:
- Gilashin gashi - murmushi launin launin ruwan kasa-launin launin ruwan kasa, kwanciya a kan ganyen qwai. Daga cikinsu suna nuna launuka masu launin rawaya-kore-kullun har zuwa tsawon mintuna 50, suna cin abinci na kwari da hatsi.
- Nut tashi - kwaro, kwanciya qwai a kan harbe na turkey Peas. Bayyana larvae sunyi ganye a cikin ganyayyaki, tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire ya juya launin rawaya, ya mutu, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya karu.
- Ascochitis wata cuta ce da ke shafar chickpeas a cikin shekarun ruwa. Ya bayyana kamar yatsun rawaya rawaya a kan ganye da kuma mai tushe. Magunguna masu fama da rashin lafiya ba su bunkasa ba, tsaba sun rasa bayyanar su da kuma germination.
Don magance kwari amfani da Karate, Zolon, Decis , Actellik , Inta-VIR. Baya ga karfi kwari, biochemical wakili Aktofit, taba ƙura, da kuma itace ash ana amfani. Ascohitosis ne suppressed by spraying shuke-shuke da 1% bayani na sulfur, da kuma sown resistant iri. Yana da kyau kada a yi girma Peas din Turkiyya a kan wani shafin don wasu shekaru masu jere, yin wani lokaci na shekaru 3-4.