Rashin ciwon hauka (daga Hellenanci "rashin lafiya na ruhu") yana bayyana a cikin rashin tausayi, rashin tausayi da kuma mutunci ga wasu. Wace irin wannan tunanin tunanin mutum ne wanda ba su iya samun hulɗa tare da wasu mutane kuma ko da yake ana sauraron wannan magana, babu irin wannan ganewar a cikin ilimin halin mutum. Tambayoyi game da cutar ba su rage.
Me ya sa ya zama psychopaths?
An gabatar da ra'ayoyin farko game da ilimin tunanin mutum a 1941 da likitancin Amurka Hervey Cleckley. A baya, an nuna alamun mutum a cikin wasu sunayen, alal misali, rashin haske ko lalata dabi'a. Idan mutum ba shi da motsin rai ba, mai ban sha'awa - ba yana nufin cewa yana rashin lafiya. A cewar kididdigar, kashi 10 cikin dari na dukkan mutane suna da dabi'un halayyar kwakwalwa. Kashi 1-2% kawai na yawan jama'a - marasa lafiya marasa lafiya, musamman ma yawancin su ana samun su a yanayin muhalli (25%).
Ƙayyadewa, bayyanar cututtuka da kuma halayyar ciwo sune yanayi ne wanda ba'a iya ganewa. Har zuwa yanzu, ba'a san yadda za a zama zane-zane da kuma abin da ke haifar da ci gaban ciwo. Anomaly na hali zai iya kasancewa ta jiki ko samuwa - a yanayin yanayin waje na waje, tare da lalacewar ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa tare da samfurori masu guba. Lahani na hali ba shi da komai, kuma rashin tausayi yana da wuyar magancewa, kodayake a cikin ƙuruciyar ciwo yana da sauƙi don sarrafawa da kuma gyara hali na mutunci.
Yaya za a gane likita?
Kwararre ba ta da ikon yin jin dadi, kwarewa, amma mutum bayyanar cututtuka bazai nuna mahimmin asibiti ba. Yayinda dabi'un halayyar kwakwalwa ba su nuna alamar ciwo ba, idan akwai kasa da uku. Wani lokaci, duk wanda yake kewaye da shi da mai haƙuri kansa bai sani ba game da ganewar asali, kuma ana nuna alamar cututtuka don halaye na mutum. Masu bincike suna kiran wadannan alamun cututtukan likita:
- Ƙarfin hali mai lahani, rashin daidaito;
- ƙa'idar da ba ta da kyau, fasaha da kuma magana;
- buƙata don jin daɗi, dogara ga adrenaline - irin waɗannan mutane ba za su iya zama zama ba don lokaci mai tsawo;
- irresponsibility kafin ayyukansu;
- rashin kulawa;
- girma girma kai.
Mene ne kwayar cutar ta haɗari?
Koda kuwa idan muka yi la'akari da cewa ba dukkanin tunanin da ake yi ba ne da tashin hankali, suna kawo hatsari ga jama'a, musamman mutanen da ke da laifi. Ayyukansu sun lalata, mafi mahimmanci dangane da yanayin ɗan adam. Halin da ake yi wa mutum yana da haɓaka a kan wasu. Wadannan mutane suna rikice-rikice, sauƙin fada cikin fushi har ma da kisa. Psychopaths su ne masu tsinkaye na zamantakewa, wanda aka bayyana a cikin ayyuka masu biyowa:
- suna jin zafi na wani, amma kada ka yi wani abu;
- Su masu amfani da kayan aikin kirki ne, masu kwarewa da kuma kwarewa;
- sau da yawa irin waɗannan mutane suna da laushi, suna jagoran hanyar rayuwa, ba sa aiki kuma ba sa son aiki.
Psychopath da sociopath - bambancin
Wasu mutane suna kuskuren haɗuwa da ra'ayoyin biyu - magungunan tunani da kuma sociopath. Dukansu kalmomi biyu suna kwatanta lalacewar halin mutunci da kuma suna da siffofi na kowa. Sannan kama da wadannan nau'ikan shine:
- Wadannan mutane ba su da kwarewa kuma suna yaudara;
- suna wasa ne a kan motsin zuciyar sauran mutane, amma rashin jin tausayi da kuma tausayi;
- Dukansu iri biyu suna watsi da aminci ga wasu;
- suna raina dokoki na al'umma.
Yaya za a bambanta wani tunanin mutum daga wani sociopath - ba kamar na karshen ba, ya rasa tuba, amma zai iya shirya. Ƙananan sociopaths masu ban sha'awa basu san yadda za su tsaya a cikin wani raye ba (iyali, yan kungiya masu sana'a), sun kasance da damuwa, ba a riƙe su ba. Wasu masanan suna cewa cewa haukacin halayyar mutum shine rashin tausayi, kuma rashin lafiyar shi ne sakamakon sakamako ko kwarewa.
Irin psychopaths
Mutanen da ke fama da ciwo na psychopathic za a iya rarraba su zuwa kashi iri iri.
- Abun fashe (m) - yana da matsanancin fushi da zalunci.
- Paranoid psychopaths ne m, masu kishi waɗanda suka ga dukan m masu hikima.
- Masanin ilimin likita - tsoro, rashin tsaro, mai son kaiwa ga ra'ayoyin kai da kuma damuwarsu .
- Hysterical psychopaths suna son kulawa da yin ƙoƙari su gane ƙwarewarsu. Pathologically ƙarya, outwardly m.
- Schizoid - ƙaƙƙarfan iyakancewa, ƙauna, amma a lokaci guda m. Sun kasance masu adawa da yanayin zamantakewa.
Yaya za a yi hali tare da psychopath?
Gani ko wanene irin wannan tunanin da kuma halayen da za su iya ba da shi, yana da muhimmanci a yi aiki da kyawawan halaye na hali tare da waɗannan mutane. Ba da daɗewa ba, yanayin yanayin halin zai bayyana kanta. Hulɗa da psychopath duk wani lokaci ne mai nauyi, saboda mutane masu fama da hali suna haifar da wahala don rufe mutane. Harkokin psychopaths ba su da yawa, amma cutar za ta iya zama tare da cututtuka irin su kleptomania, maye gurbi, jima'i, da sauransu. Muzhiny-psychopaths su ne munafukai, marasa lalata, marasa tunani. Ƙaunar zumunci tare da su ta cutar da mata.
Yadda za a sadarwa tare da psychopath?
Duk da irin bayyanar cututtuka, nau'in rashin lafiya da halayyar mutum, mutane suna bukatar maganin musamman. Ayyukan wani psychopath shine wanda ake iya gani idan an tabbatar da ganewar asali. Kuma ko da yake babu wata samfurin dabi'un duniya, yayin da yake magana da marasa lafiya, wajibi ne a bi ka'idojin da suka shafi:
- Rage halinka na zalunci. Ka guje wa rikice-rikice.
- Ci gaba da ƙarfin ciki.
- Don samun damar janye hankali.
- Idan akwai haɗari daga mai haƙuri, kada ku shiga yaki, amma kuyi ƙoƙarin tserewa kuma ku nemi taimako.
Yadda za a kare kanka daga manipulator na psychopathic?
Mafi kyawun tsaro a kan wani psychopath shi ne karya dangantaka tare da shi. Amma idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba (alal misali, uba ko mahaifiyar yaron ko yaron) kuma yana taka rawa tare da ji, yana da muhimmanci a yi daidai da sadarwa. Psychology na psychopaths ne kamar cewa suna bukatar su ji su muhimmancin, ba makawa, wasa wasan kwaikwayo. Hanyar mafi kyau a wannan yanayin ita ce ta haifar da asarar sha'awa. Wannan yana nufin ba da mummunan haɓaka ga aikin manipulator: amsa tambayoyin monosyllabically, magana a kwantar da hankula, yana nuna kansa a matsayin mai magana mai yiwuwa. Muni ga psychopath ba zai iya zama ba.
Yadda za a rabu da wani psychopath?
Tare da mutane marasa mahimmanci, yana da mahimmanci don daidaita lambobin sadarwa: farawa da nesa (ƙayyade lokacin sadarwa, ɓoye a ƙarƙashin aikin yi), sa'annan ya sanya maƙasudin ƙarshen dangantaka ta hanyar mutum, wato, yin amfani da sadarwar tarho ko intanit. Wasu mutane, ba tare da sanin yadda za su raba tare da wani tunani ba, suna yin kuskuren kuma shirya wasan kwaikwayo. Wannan kawai ya haifar da mai shiga tsakani zuwa rikici da kuma tsanantawa. Yana da kyawawa don shigar da kamfanoni uku waɗanda zasu san halin da ake ciki daga ciki da tallafi a cikin wani zaɓi mai wuya.
Yaya za a bi da hankali?
Mutanen da ke da alamun tunanin mutum sunyi tasirin kasancewar wasu, amma akwai irin wannan tunanin da ba za a iya ketare rayuwa ba: yara, iyaye, dangi. Tambayar ta taso - yadda za a taimaki psychopath wajen gina dangantaka ta al'ada tare da mutane? Hanyar yiwuwar magani da hanyoyin taimako:
- magungunan (magunguna don rage rashin ciki, damuwa, zalunci, da sauransu);
- psychotherapy, musamman magungun rukuni;
- taimakawa wajen ƙayyade hanyar rayuwa.
Famous psychopaths
A matsayinka na mulkin, a lokacin da aka tambayi wanda wanene wadannan zane-zane, nan da nan ya zo ya tuna da mashahuran litattafai da fina-finai: Hannibal Lecter, Jagopeare ta Iago, Annie Wilks da kuma Carrie Stephen King, "'yar Amurka" Patrick Bateman, "Clockwork Orange" Alex. A cikin rayuwa, ba a bayyana alamar cututtuka ba. Mashahuriyar hankali: ba wai kawai ya zama maniacs da masu aikata laifuka ba, amma an sami alamun nasarori masu ban mamaki. Wadannan, alal misali, irin waɗannan abubuwa ne kamar:
- Ibrahim Lincoln - Shugaban kasa-Melancholic
- Vincent Van Gogh dan wasa ne mai ban sha'awa.
- Edgar Allan Poe marubucin marubuci ne.
- Tennessee Williams shine marubucin-marubuci.
- Ishaku Newton wani masanin kimiyya ne.
Ibrahim Lincoln
Vincent van Gogh
Edgar Allan Poe
Tennessee Williams
Isaac Newton
Wadannan mutane sun kasance masanan kimiyya, marubucin, masu zane da kuma 'yan siyasa. Yau, zubar da hankali na ci gaba da kasancewa babbar matsala wadda ba a fahimta ba, amma tare da abin da zai yiwu kuma ya zama dole don yaki. Mutanen da ke da cututtuka suna da damar da za su zama cikakkun 'yan ƙungiyar idan sun san raunin su kuma su iya yin amfani da makamashi mai kyau a hanyar da ta dace.