Kwayar Zika (ZIKV) tana dauke da sauro daga farfadowa Aedes, wanda mazauninsa yana da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire. Babban haɗari na zazzafan Zika shi ne cewa daga cikin mahaifiyar da ke cikin farkon farkon shekaru uku na haihuwar jaririn an haife shi tare da mummunar lalacewar ƙwayar cuta - microcephaly . A wannan batun, batun na musamman shine tambaya: ta yaya zubar da kwayar cutar Zico ta haifar? Muna wakiltar ra'ayi na masana kimiyya na masu illa da ƙwayoyin cuta game da hanyoyi na watsa cutar Zika.
Ta yaya zubar kwayar cutar Zicke ta faru a yanayi daban-daban?
Zick cutar kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar sauro sauro
Da farko, zafin zafin Zika ya shiga cikin yanayi na biri, amma sakamakon haka, kwayar cutar ta sami damar shiga cikin jikin jikin mutum. Kodayake masu dauke da kwayar cutar su ne sauro na Aedes, amma masu dauke da su ne wasu nau'in birai da mutane. Ga jinin jini, tare da jini, ƙwayoyin cuta sun shiga, wanda hakan yana watsawa ga mai lafiya a ci gaba.
Magungunan likita sunyi imanin cewa kamuwa da cuta yana da hatsarin gaske ga mutanen da ba su zaune a cikin yankin na wurare masu zafi ba. Wannan cuta ce mai tsanani, ana nuna alamar cututtukan, kuma sakamakon ya fi hatsari. Saboda haka, bayan zikar Zik, cutar rashin lafiya ta Guillain-Barre an lura da shi a wasu marasa lafiya. Akwai malaise a cikin nau'i na hannaye da ƙafafun, ciwo da kuma rauni na tsoka. A lokuta masu tsanani, ci gaba da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi da kuma cin zarafi na zuciya, yana haifar da kwayar cutar thromboembolism , ciwon huhu, kamuwa da jini.
Kamuwa da cutar tayin tare da cutar Zick daga mahaifa mai cutar
Wata hanya ta canja wurin cutar daga mutum zuwa ga mutum an riga an ambata - shi ne kamuwa da cutar intrauterine. Kwayar cutar ta Zeka tana iya rinjayar cutar ta tsakiya, kuma tayin zai kamu da cutar. A sakamakon binciken, an gano cewa kwayar cutar ta kasance cikin ruwa mai amniotic da kuma ƙwayar cuta. Dangane da sakamako mai tsanani (a cikin marasa lafiya da microcephaly akwai ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar mutum, daga rashin daidaituwa da ƙarewa tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa), likitoci sun bada shawarar cewa matan da ke ƙulla zazzaɓi na Zik suna da katsewar haihuwa.
Jima'i watsawar cutar Zika
Kwanan nan a cikin latsa akwai bayani cewa cutar Zika ta fito ne daga mutum zuwa mutum ta hanyar sadarwar jima'i. Akwai akalla tabbaci guda daya akan wannan gaskiyar. Masanin bincike Brian Fall yana nazarin yaduwar cutar Zika a kasar Senegal kuma kwari ya kamu da shi. Wani lokaci bayan ya dawo gida, ya ji rashin lafiya, tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na alamun cutar.
Bayan ganewar asali, masanin kimiyya ya gano zafin zafin Zika. Bayan wani ɗan lokaci, alamun bayyanar da aka gano a cikin matar Brian Fall, wanda ba kansa ba ne a kan balaguro, amma yana da jima'i ba tare da mijinta ba.
Shin kwayar cutar Zik ta fito da kwayar cutar ta iska?
Ta wannan hanyar, ba za ka iya kamuwa da zazzaɓi na Zick ba. Har ila yau, cutar Zika bata fitowa ta hanyar 'ya'yan itace (ko da marar tsabta) da sauran irin abinci.
Matakan da za a hana maganin zazzabi Zika
Idan aka ba da hanyoyin magance cutar, hanyoyin da za a iya hana Zik zazzabi a ƙasashe masu zafi sune:
- shigarwa da tarkace a kan windows;
- Amfani da magunguna (ointments, creams, aerosols);
- saka tufafi da ke bayar da kariya ga mutum;
- tabbatar da aminci jima'i.
A matakin jihar, matakan da za a hana maganin annobar cutar sun hada da:
- kawar da wurare tare da ruwa mai rikitarwa;
- aiki na yankunan da aka nufa don wasanni.