Infarction na kwakwalwa yana daya daga cikin cututtuka mafi haɗari, yayin da yake zama mafi mahimmanci, ciki har da mutane da yawa. Mahimmancin cutar ita ce mafi yawan lokuta da aka tsara ta hanyar kula da lafiyar likita da kulawa na mai haƙuri.
Kyakkyawan ƙwayar cuta - abin da yake?
Kwayar da ake tambaya ita ce ciwo mai cututtuka mai tsanani, wanda yake nunawa ta hanyar kwakwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar ƙaddamar da jini zuwa ɗayan sassansa. Harshen wuri da harkar launi na iya bambanta. Lokacin da jinin ba ya kai kwakwalwar kwakwalwa, ko da kuwa tsarin motsawa, hawan hypoxia (yunwa na oxygen) da kuma yawan wasu cututtuka na rayuwa, gyaran pathobiochemical, ana kiyaye su. Wadannan matakai, wanda ake kira "cascadec cascade", zai haifar da lalacewa mai banƙyama ga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma mutuwarsu - haɗuwa.
Lokacin da ƙwayar cututtuka mai saurin ƙwayar cuta ta faru, an kafa wani yanki a kusa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin necrosis, inda jinin jini yake damuwa, amma bai isa matakin mai muhimmanci ("ischemic penumbra") ba. A cikin wannan yanki, ƙananan hanyoyi ba su da sauran sauye-sauyen yanayi, kuma suna da mahimmancin aikin su. Idan magani ya fara a cikin lokaci (bayan 3-6 hours bayan harin), jinin jini ya zama na al'ada, ana gyara suturar jijiya. Idan babu magani, waɗannan kwayoyin sun fara mutuwa.
Mene ne bambanci a tsakanin cin hanci da cututtuka da cizon bugun jini?
Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar ko manufofin "infarction" da "bugun jini" daidai ne, menene bambanci tsakanin su. Kalmar "infarct" a magani, ma'ana nama necrosis saboda rashin wadatar jini, yana dace da gabobin da yawa, yayin da "fashewar" yana nufin maɗaukaki, amma ga kwakwalwa. Wannan bambancin ra'ayoyin da aka dauka don kauce wa rikicewa, don haka cin hanci da cututtuka da ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa suna magana ne.
Kuskuren rashin lafiya na kwakwalwa - mece ce?
Kimanin kashi ashirin cikin dari na lokuta sukan haifar da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ya nuna bayyanar ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin da ke cikin ƙwayar magunguna ko a cikin yanki. Matsakaicin iyakar dabbar da aka shafa shine 1.5-2 cm a diamita. Kwanan baya ana haifar da alamun ta hanyar shan kashi na kananan kararrakin da ke ciyar da waɗannan sassan kwakwalwa. Daga bisani, a kan shafin yanar gizo na kayan da aka mutu, an kafa wani cyst, cike da ruwan sanyi. Irin wannan ilmantarwa, a matsayin mai mulki, ba mai hadari ba ne, kuma baya haifar da mummunar cuta.
M cin gashin ƙwayar cuta
Lokacin da aka gano maganin ƙwayar cuta mai tsanani, wannan yana nufin cewa canjin necrotic zai shafi manyan wurare na kwayoyin cuta saboda ƙaddamar da jini a daya daga cikin jigilar carotid. Dangane da wane ne daga cikin mahaifa (shafi hagu ko hagu), irin wannan ƙwayar cuta yana da tasiri daban-daban. A yawancin lokuta, ƙwarewar ga irin wannan nau'i-nau'i ba shi da kyau.
Carbral infarction - haddasawa
Carbral infarction hade da ciwo na jijiyoyin jini sau da yawa ba yakan faru ba zato ba tsammani, a lokaci ɗaya, amma yana tasowa a hankali a gaban wasu cututtuka da kuma abubuwan da suka faru. Harkokin ƙananan zafin jiki na iya tsokani:
- thrombi (jini clots);
- lalata siffofin atherosclerotic;
- ƙididdigar ciwon sukari da aka lalata;
- jigon iska na intravascular;
- fatal fat.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar cutar jini zai iya faruwa lokacin da aka keta amincin tasoshin ko kuma saboda spasm tsawo. Abubuwan causal ne sau da yawa:
- hauhawar jini ;
- atherosclerosis;
- rheumatic endocarditis ;
- cututtukan cututtukan zuciya ne ;
- rashin ciwon zuciya tare da matsa lamba;
- atrial fibrillation;
- hijira;
- ciwon sukari mellitus;
- cututtuka;
- pathology na vascular ci gaba;
- jijiyoyin bugun jini;
- osteochondrosis na ƙwayar tsohuwar jini;
- matsanancin nauyin jiki;
- damuwa;
- shan barasa;
- shan taba;
- rashin motsi;
- karfin jiki, da dai sauransu.
Infarction na kwakwalwa - cututtuka da sakamakon
Cikakken jijiyar Ischemic tare da raunuka na karamin ƙananan nama a wasu lokuta yana da wuya a gane saboda rushewar cututtuka, amma tare da laccoci mai girma, ana nuna labarun hoton, kuma sakamakon baya cire sakamakon mutuwa a kimanin kashi arba'in cikin 100 na wadanda aka kashe. Idan an bayar da taimako a lokaci mai dacewa, chances na sakamako mai kyau ne mai girma.
Infarction na kwakwalwa - alamu
Tare da haɗarin cizon sauro, wani lokacin bayyanar cututtuka suna nunawa, yana bayyana a mafi yawan marasa lafiya a asuba ko daren dare da yawa har ma kwanaki kafin harin. Sau da yawa wannan shine:
- tsananin damuwa tare da darkening a idanu;
- numbness a kowane ɓangare na babba ko ƙananan ƙafa;
- maganganu na gajeren lokaci.
Mun lissafa manyan alamomi na cin hanci, wasu daga cikinsu ana kiyaye su a cikin wannan ko kuma irin nau'in pathology:
- asarar sani;
- tashin zuciya, zubar da ciki;
- ciwon kai;
- kwatsam zafi na zafi;
- shakatawa;
- karfi karfi;
- maganganun magana;
- hangen nesa;
- jijiyar muryar;
- rashin kulawa na jihohi;
- asarar haskakawa a cikin sassan jiki;
- asarar ƙwaƙwalwa;
- ƙungiyoyi marasa ƙarfi;
- Skewed fuska zuwa gefe ɗaya, da dai sauransu.
Infarction na kwakwalwa - sakamakon
Sakamakon ganewar "ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta" zai iya haifar da wasu cututtuka, wanda yafi dacewa daga cikinsu:
- kwantar da jini;
- thromboembolism na rikice-rikice;
- m zuciya rauni;
- harshe na kwakwalwa;
- matsa lamba;
- lalata;
- cin zarafin magana, gani, ji;
- lalacewa na aikin tunani;
- Jiga-jita;
- coma;
- ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Carbral infarction - magani
Idan bayyanar da ke samuwa a cikin mutumin da ke kusa da wannan zai iya nuna ƙwayar cuta, sai ku kira likitoci nan da nan kuma ku ba da taimakon farko:
- sanya mai haƙuri a kan baya, ajiye wani karamin abin nadi a kan kafada, kafadu, da kai;
- don kawar da murkushe tufafi, kayan haɗi;
- samar da iska mai tsabta;
- lokacin da zakuyi - juya kanku zuwa gefe daya, tsaftace hanyoyi na wuka;
- don auna karfin jini.
Magunguna waɗanda aka gano suna da ciwon hakar guraben ƙwayoyi suna bi da su a cikin wadannan sharuɗɗa masu biyowa:
- daidaituwa na ayyuka na numfashi;
- karfafawa na aiki na zuciya;
- kula da karfin jini;
- tsari na gishiri gishiri, glucose matakin;
- rike yanayin jiki;
- rage na cerebral edema ;
- bayyanar cututtuka ta fannin abin da ya shafi alamun asibiti;
- rigakafin rikitarwa.
Marasa lafiya da dangin su ya kamata suyi jiyya don yin magani na dogon lokaci, yi hakuri, kuyi imani da warkarwa kuma ku bi duk shawarwarin kiwon lafiya, wanda zai kara damar samun nasara. A wasu lokuta, haɗin gwiwar neurosurgical yana buƙatar mayar da jikin daji, amma sau da yawa ne kawai ake bukata magani ne kawai. Drug farrapy ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin masu amfani da kwayoyi:
- magungunan antiplatelet (Aspirin);
- antioagulants (Heparin, Warfarin);
- nootropic kwayoyi (Cerebrolysin, Pyracetam);
- calcium antagonists (Nimotop, Akatinol);
- yana nufin inganta ingantacciyar kariya na jini (Reopoliglyukin, Pentoxifylline);
- kwayoyi masu tsauraran ra'ayi (lisinopril, Furosemide);
- antidepressants (Fluoxetine, Amitriptyline);
- maganin maganin lipid (rosuvastatin, simvastatin).
Carbral infarction - gyarawa
Cigaban ƙwayar cuta da wasu dalilai daban-daban na bukatar lokaci mai tsawo, lokacin da za'a iya dawo da mafi yawan ayyukan kwakwalwar da aka rasa. Sake gyara bayan wannan farfadowa ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:
- physiotherapy (baths paraffin, electrostimulation, da dai sauransu);
- Gymnastics na likita;
- tausa;
- aikace-aikace na kwakwalwa;
- Ayyuka don mayar da jawabi;
- horar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar (ƙididdige ayoyi, wasanni na tebur tare da abubuwa na haddace);
- gyare-gyaren zamantakewa (bincika abubuwan hobbai, ziyarci gidan wasan kwaikwayo, nune-nunen).