PCR ganewar asali na cututtuka

PCR, ko kuma wata hanyar maganin maganin polymerase, wata hanya ce don tantance cututtuka na ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban.

Wannan hanya ta Cary Muillis ta ci gaba a shekarar 1983. Da farko, ana amfani da PCR kawai don dalilai na kimiyya, amma bayan dan lokaci an gabatar da shi a cikin aikin magani.

Manufar hanyar ita ce gano mahalarta kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta a DNA da RNA. Ga kowane pathogen, akwai nau'in lissafin DNA da ke tattare da ƙirƙirar babban adadin takardun. An kwatanta shi da bayanan da ke dauke da bayanai game da tsarin DNA na nau'o'in microorganisms.

Tare da taimakon musayar polymerase, yana yiwuwa ba kawai don gano kamuwa da cutar ba, amma har ma ya ba shi kimantaccen kimantawa.

Yaushe ake amfani da PCR?

Binciken kayan halitta, wanda aka yi tare da taimakon PCR, yana taimakawa wajen gano cututtukan urogenital daban-daban, ciki har da waɗanda aka ɓoye, waɗanda ba su nuna kansu a matsayin alamun alamun na musamman ba.

Wannan hanyar bincike tana ba mu damar gano abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin mutane:

• herpes simplex cutar na biyu iri;
• HIV;
• gardnerellez ;
• chlamydia;
• ureaplasmosis;
• Candidiasis;
• mycoplasmosis;
• Trichomoniasis;
• papillomavirus kamuwa da cuta ;
• da kuma hepatitis B da C, tarin fuka, Helicobacteriosis, mononucleosis na ciwo.

Lokacin shirya don kuma a yayin daukar ciki, dole ne a sanya mace ga PCR ganewa da yawa daga cututtukan jima'i.

Matsalar halitta don bincike na PCR

Don gano cututtuka ta hanyar PCR, ana iya amfani da wadannan:

• fitsari, swab daga canal na mahaifa (a cikin mata), swab daga cututtuka, ɓoye daga al'amuran - don gwaji don cututtuka;
• jini - domin bincike game da cutar HIV da ciwon haifa C;
• A shafa daga makogwaro - domin bincike na mononucleosis na ciwo.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da kamfanonin PCR na cututtuka

Abubuwan da suka dace da bincike don kamuwa da cuta, wanda aka yi ta hanyar PCR sun haɗa da:

1. Shawarar - idan wasu hanyoyin bincike ba su da iko, PCR ta gano duk RNA da DNA.
2. Musamman. A cikin nazarin binciken, wannan hanya ta nuna jerin nucleotides na al'ada don irin wannan cututtukan kamuwa da cuta. Sarkar linzami na polymerase zai sa ya gano magunguna daban-daban a wannan abu.
3. Sensitivity. Kamuwa da cuta lokacin amfani da wannan hanya an gano, koda kuwa abun ciki yana da ƙasa ƙwarai.
4. Amfani. Don gano wakilin da ke kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta yana ɗaukan lokaci kadan - kawai 'yan sa'o'i kadan.
5. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar magungunan polymerase na taimakawa wajen gane rashin karfin jiki na jikin mutum don shiga cikin kwayoyin halitta, amma ƙwayar cuta. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa a gano cutar ta mai cutar kafin ta fara bayyana kanta tare da takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka.

Ma'anar "ƙuƙuka" na wannan hanyar bincike sun haɗa da buƙatar ɗaukar nauyin da ake buƙata don ɗakunan dakunan gwaje-gwaje da tsabta mai tsabta, don haka cutar da sauran rayayyun halittu da aka dauka domin nazarin kwayoyin halitta ba ya faruwa.

Wani lokaci bincike na PCR zai iya haifar da sakamako mummunan a gaban bayyanar cututtuka na wasu cututtuka. Wannan na iya nuna rashin biyan ka'idoji don tattara kayan aikin halitta.

Bugu da kari, sakamakon kyakkyawar sakamakon bincike ba koyaushe ne nuni cewa mai haƙuri yana da wata cuta ba. Saboda haka, alal misali, bayan jiyya, wakilin marigayin na wani lokaci ya ba da kyakkyawar sakamako na PCR.